Effect of graded exercise on nitric oxide in expired air in humans

Iwamoto, Jun; Pendergast, David R.; Suzuki, Hideo; Krasney, J. A.

doi:10.1016/0034-5687(94)90069-8

Cited by 79 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 18 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The mechanism that causes a rise in V 'NO during exercise is not clear. The close relationship observed between V 'NO and variables related to metabolism magnitude strongly suggests that the origin of exhaled NO is linked to structures that are dependent on functions that become involved progressively as metabolism increases [15,17,18]. Thus, both haemodynamic alteration and hyperventilation have been suggested as being important stimuli for NO-production during exercise [15,18,19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…NO may be detected in the air exhaled by humans and the amount of NO exhaled over time (V 'NO) may be measured accurately and continuously [15][16][17][18]. Although the NO detected at the mouth is the difference between what is produced in the respiratory system and what is transformed or eliminated continuously by other endogenous pathways, V 'NO is generally assumed to reflect the NO produced by cells within the respiratory tract.…”

Section: Aamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, NO mediates the nonadrenergic, noncholinergic neural inhibitory responses which represent the only neural bronchodilator mechanism in human airways [12,13]. In addition, NO may contribute to acute inflammation and host defence in the lung [14].NO may be detected in the air exhaled by humans and the amount of NO exhaled over time (V 'NO) may be measured accurately and continuously [15][16][17][18]. Although the NO detected at the mouth is the difference between what is produced in the respiratory system and what is transformed or eliminated continuously by other endogenous pathways, V 'NO is generally assumed to reflect the NO produced by cells within the respiratory tract.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Bronchial obstruction and exhaled nitric oxide response during exercise in cold air

Therminarias

Oddou²,

Favre-Juvin³

et al. 1998

Eur Respir J

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

aaMuscular exercise in a cold environment requires both the warming and the humidification of large amounts of inspired air, resulting in a loss of heat and water from the respiratory tract. While these losses are known to induce airway obstruction in subjects with bronchial hyperresponsiveness, their effects are not well defined in normal nonatopic subjects. According to some authors, normal subjects do not develop measurable obstruction in response to airway cooling [1][2][3], whereas other authors claim that they respond by developing measurable obstruction when the stimulus is sufficiently great [4,5]. Under these conditions, the origin and mechanisms involved in the development of bronchial obstruction are still under debate [6][7][8].Endogenous NO is produced in the lung by a family of NO synthases [9][10][11]. This NO is thought to be an important modulator of vascular tone and airway function in normal airways. Therefore, NO may be involved in several physiological mechanisms during airway cooling. Thus, in normal pulmonary circulation, NO mediates the vasodilation response to physical and chemical factors [9]. Moreover, NO mediates the nonadrenergic, noncholinergic neural inhibitory responses which represent the only neural bronchodilator mechanism in human airways [12,13]. In addition, NO may contribute to acute inflammation and host defence in the lung [14].NO may be detected in the air exhaled by humans and the amount of NO exhaled over time (V 'NO) may be measured accurately and continuously [15][16][17][18]. Although the NO detected at the mouth is the difference between what is produced in the respiratory system and what is transformed or eliminated continuously by other endogenous pathways, V 'NO is generally assumed to reflect the NO produced by cells within the respiratory tract. Therefore, if endogenous NO-production takes a part in the mechanisms involved during airway cooling, a change in exhaled [NO] may be expected during inhalation of cold air. The aim of the present study was: 1) to confirm that extensive airway cooling can induce detectable airway obstruction in nonatopic subjects, 2) to determine whether this cooling induces changes in the V 'NO response, and 3) to determine whether a relationship may be established between both of these observations. Methods SubjectsEight well-trained male subjects, engaged in various endurance activities (cross-country skiing, triathlon or running) for >8 h·week -1 , were studied. These subjects were selected because they were able to produce a high ventilatory response during exercise and, would therefore, need to warm up a large amount of air when they exercised in Thus, eight well-trained males performed two incremental exercise tests until exhaustion, followed by 5 min of recovery in temperate (22°C) and cold (-10°C) environments, at random. At -10°C, they were dressed in warm clothes. Ventilation (V'E), oxygen consumption (V'O 2 ), carbon dioxide production, cardiac frequency (fC), and [NO] and V'NO were measured continuously. Before and after...

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Aamentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Bronchial obstruction and exhaled nitric oxide response during exercise in cold air

Therminarias

Oddou²,

Favre-Juvin³

et al. 1998

Eur Respir J

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Recent studies have shown that exercise carried out in the predive period can reduce bubble formation and decompression sickness and have related this to a potential role of nitric oxide (11,27). Previous studies have also suggested that nitric oxide may play an important role in decreasing perfusion during cold stress (78) and increasing perfusion during exercise (46), the latter effect potentially explaining the earlier observed enhancement of N 2 elimination during immersion (5).…”

Section: Nitrogen Balancementioning

confidence: 99%

The underwater environment: cardiopulmonary, thermal, and energetic demands

Pendergast¹,

Lundgren²

2009

Journal of Applied Physiology

126

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Pendergast DR, Lundgren CE. The underwater environment: cardiopulmonary, thermal, and energetic demands. J Appl Physiol 106: 276 -283, 2009. First published November 26, 2008 doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.90984.2008.-Water covers over 75% of the earth, has a wide variety of depths and temperatures, and holds a great deal of the earth's resources. The challenges of the underwater environment are underappreciated and more short term compared with those of space travel. Immersion in water alters the cardio-endocrine-renal axis as there is an immediate translocation of blood to the heart and a slower autotransfusion of fluid from the cells to the vascular compartment. Both of these changes result in an increase in stroke volume and cardiac output. The stretch of the atrium and transient increase in blood pressure cause both endocrine and autonomic changes, which in the short term return plasma volume to control levels and decrease total peripheral resistance and thus regulate blood pressure. The reduced sympathetic nerve activity has effects on arteriolar resistance, resulting in hyperperfusion of some tissues, which for specific tissues is time dependent. The increased central blood volume results in increased pulmonary artery pressure and a decline in vital capacity. The effect of increased hydrostatic pressure due to the depth of submersion does not affect stroke volume; however, a bradycardia results in decreased cardiac output, which is further reduced during breath holding. Hydrostatic compression, however, leads to elastic loading of the chest wall and negative pressure breathing. The depthdependent increased work of breathing leads to augmented respiratory muscle blood flow. The blood flow is increased to all lung zones with some improvement in the ventilation-perfusion relationship. The cardiac-renal responses are time dependent; however, the increased stroke volume and cardiac output are, during head-out immersion, sustained for at least hours. Changes in water temperature do not affect resting cardiac output; however, maximal cardiac output is reduced, as is peripheral blood flow, which results in reduced maximal exercise performance. In the cold, maximal cardiac output is reduced and skin and muscle are vasoconstricted, resulting in a further reduction in exercise capacity. respiratory; renal; immersion; exercise; aging; sex differences; submersion; pressure; energy cost THE UNDERWATER ENVIRONMENT is unique, and while it is a magical place with great history and beauty and plant and animal life and holds a wealth of resources, it also imposes pronounced physiological stresses on humans and animals. This brief review offers an overview of how the major environmental challenges, i.e., the pressure, temperature extremes, and the unbreathable ambient medium, of the "Silent World" affect circulation, renal system and water balance, breathing, exercise, and thermal balance and how it imposes some threats due to pharmacological or toxic effects of respired gases at high pressure, i.e., great depths. Adaptations to ...

show abstract

“…In sheep, inhaled NO does not appear to affect pulmonary vascular tone, although NW-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), a competitive inhibitor of NOS, induced vasoconstriction and an increase in PAP both at rest and during exercise (Kane et al 1994;Koizumi, Gupta, Bannerjee & Newman, 1994). Several studies have reported an increase in the production rate of NO (VO) in exhaled air during exercise (Persson, Wiklund & Gustafsson, 1993;Bauer, Wald, Doran & Soda, 1994;Iwamoto, Pendergast, Suzuki & Krasney, 1994;Trolin, Anden & Hedenstierna, 1994). Exhaled NO is formed by many different cell types but the exact contribution of each to the exhaled concentration is uncertain.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitric oxide and exercise in the horse.

Mills

Marlin

Demoncheaux

et al. 1996

The Journal of Physiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

1. The effects of exercise on the production rate of nitric oxide (NO) in exhaled air (VNO) and 20 1 min-', respectively, and induced cyclical changes in the breathing pattern.4. Exercise induced a linear increase in VNO with work intensity to a maximum (428 1 + 31'6 pmol min-' kg-) which coincided with the maximal oxygen uptake for the horses (138 3 + 11 7 ml min-' kg-), although a further increase in VNO (779 3 + 38-4 pmol min-' kg-') occurred immediately after exercise. The changes in VNo correlated well with the tidal volume (r = 0-968; P < 0-01) and the haematocrit (r = 0-855; P < 0-01). 5. In the first 2 min of high intensity exercise, inhaled NO (80 p.p.m.) significantly (P < 0 05) reduced the pulmonary artery pressure: during the first minute, pulmonary artery pressure was 83-1 + 7-6 mmHg compared with a control value of 94 4 + 6-3 mmHg, and during the second minute, 84-2 + 7-1 mmHg compared with a control value of 98-4 + 4-7 mmHg.There were no other significant changes in cardiovascular or respiratory indices, including cardiac output, measured during exercise between control and inhaled NO tests. 6. The results show that exhaled NO is released from the airways of the horse and may contribute to the regulation of pulmonary vascular tone during exercise.

show abstract

Effect of graded exercise on nitric oxide in expired air in humans

Cited by 79 publications

References 18 publications

Bronchial obstruction and exhaled nitric oxide response during exercise in cold air

Bronchial obstruction and exhaled nitric oxide response during exercise in cold air

The underwater environment: cardiopulmonary, thermal, and energetic demands

Nitric oxide and exercise in the horse.

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About