Effect of Gongronema latifolium Ethanol Leaf Extract on Gastric Acid Secretion and Cytoprotection in Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats

Abstract

Objectives: Gongronema latifolium leaves have been used in folklore medicine to manage diabetes mellitus and alleviate dyspepsia. This study aimed to provide a pharmacological basis to the medicinal use of Gongronema latifolium as an antidiabetic and antiulcerogenic agent in diabetes mellitus. Methods: Ethanol extract from the leaf (200 mg/kg bodyweight) of Gongronema latifolium was administered to both streptozotocin-induced diabetic and control groups orally for 14 days. Gastric acid secretion was measured and ulcer was induced using ethanol and four-hour pyloric ligation. Results: The mean bodyweight was significantly lower (p < 0.01), while the mean weight of the stomach, liver and small intestine to bodyweight ratio was increased significantly (p < 0.05) in the two diabetic groups compared to control. Extract significantly (p < 0.01) reduced the blood glucose level similar to the non-diabetic control. Basal and stimulated acid secretion in diabetic control rats was significantly (p < 0.01) decreased when compared to control. Extract administration increased the stimulated gastric acid secretion to a level significantly (p < 0.05) higher than control while reduction in gastric secretion by ranitidine was similar compared with control. Gongronema latifolium treatment significantly (p < 0.05) reduced ulcer scores in both ulcer models and increased mucus weight in the diabetic group. Conclusion: These results suggest that Gongronema latifolium antiulcerative activity is due to its prevention of chemical-induced stomach injury.

Determination of Some Biochemical Parameters in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Albino Rats Pre-Treated and Post-Treated with Vernonia amygdalina and Gongronema latifolium Extracts

“…The hypoglycaemic potential of the V. amygdalina and G. latifolium was observed to be more pronounced in rats that received the extracts after induction of diabetes mellitus by streptozotocin. This observation is in agreement with the reports of Uchenna et al [31]and Owu et al [32] who reported that the leaves of the plants possess anti-diabetic potential in that it reduces blood glucose levels in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.…”

Profilistic Study of Bioactivities of Extracts of Gongronema latifolium Incorporated with Alum on some Clinical Bacteria

“…Several reports on antimicrobial screening studies on G. latifolium and/or with other plant leaves is well documented (Eleyinmi, 2007;Bankole et al, 2012;Ikegbunam et al, 2014;Morebise, 2015;Anyanwu and Okoye, 2017) because of the desire to provide cost effective and safe antimicrobial agents. However, the use of G. latifolium leaves in folklore medicine by different ethnic groups for treatment of diseases such as malaria, nausea, anorexia, diabetes, hypertension, constipation, dysentery, etc., had earlier been reported (Morebise et al, 2006;Nwinyi et al, 2008;Owu et al, 2012;Okpala, 2015;Usoh et al, 2016). Gongronema latifolium leaves are also eaten fresh, with pourage or roasted yam and/or plantain, spiced in soups, as gravy, etc., for its nutritional and medicinal benefits (Owu et al, 2012).…”

“…However, the use of G. latifolium leaves in folklore medicine by different ethnic groups for treatment of diseases such as malaria, nausea, anorexia, diabetes, hypertension, constipation, dysentery, etc., had earlier been reported (Morebise et al, 2006;Nwinyi et al, 2008;Owu et al, 2012;Okpala, 2015;Usoh et al, 2016). Gongronema latifolium leaves are also eaten fresh, with pourage or roasted yam and/or plantain, spiced in soups, as gravy, etc., for its nutritional and medicinal benefits (Owu et al, 2012). The need to broaden raw material base and search for novel sources of antimicrobials is a global challenge preoccupying research institutes, nutraceutical, pharmaceutical industries and academia.…”

Gongronema Latifolium: A Phytochemical, Nutritional and Pharmacological Review

“…Origin and Distribution G. latifolium is of West African Origin (Nelson, 1965). It is found throughout Nigeria and other tropical countries such as Guinea-Bissau, Western Cameroon and Sierra Leone (Owu et al, 2012). It is an edible rainforest plant indigenous to South Eastern part of Nigeria.…”