Effect of Gold Nanoparticle on 5-Fluorouracil-Induced Experimental Oral Mucositis in Hamsters

The oral cavity and oropharynx are complex environments that are susceptible to physical, chemical, and microbiological insults. They are also common sites for pathological and cancerous changes. The effectiveness of conventional locally-administered medications against diseases affecting these oral milieus may be compromised by constant salivary flow. For systemically-administered medications, drug resistance and adverse side-effects are issues that need to be resolved. New strategies for drug delivery have been investigated over the last decade to overcome these obstacles. Synthesis of nanoparticle-containing agents that promote healing represents a quantum leap in ensuring safe, efficient drug delivery to the affected tissues. Micro/nanoencapsulants with unique structures and properties function as more favorable drug-release platforms than conventional treatment approaches. The present review provides an overview of newly-developed nanocarriers and discusses their potential applications and limitations in various fields of dentistry and oral medicine.

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“…[ 296 ] Similarly, promising results in treating induced oral mucositis in hamsters were achieved using 250 µg kg −1 gold nanoparticles. [ 297 ]…”

Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drug Delivery (Nano)Platforms for Oral and Dental Applications: Tissue Regeneration, Infection Control, and Cancer Management

et al. 2021

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“…Score 3: moderate vasodilation, areas of epithelial degeneration, inflammatory infiltration with the prevalence of neutrophils, presence of hemorrhagic areas, edema and eventual ulceration, and absence of abscesses. Score 4: severe vasodilation and inflammatory infiltrate with the presence of neutrophils [ 40 , 41 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Score 3: moderate number of positive cells (11–50%). Score 4: a large number of positive cells (>50%) [ 5 , 41 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Dexamethasone-Loaded PLGA Nanoparticles on Oral Mucositis Induced by 5-Fluorouracil

et al. 2021

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Oral mucositis (OM) is characterized by the presence of severe ulcers in the oral region that affects patients treated with chemotherapy. It occurs in almost all patients who receive radiotherapy of the head and neck, as well as patients who undergo hematopoietic cell transplantation. The pathophysiology of OM is complex, and there is no effective therapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of dexamethasone-loaded poly(d,l-Lactic-co-glycolic) nanoparticles (PLGA-DEX NPs) on an OM model induced in hamsters. The NPs were synthesized using the emulsification-solvent evaporation method and were characterized by the size, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency, atomic force microscopy, physicochemical stability, and the in vitro release. The OM was induced by the administration of 5-FU on the first and second days and mechanical trauma on the 4th day of the experiment. PLGA-DEX NPs were administered to treat OM. The animals were euthanized on the 10th day. Macroscopic and histopathological analyses were performed, measurement of malonaldehyde (MDA) and ELISA was used to determine the levels of IL-1β and TNF-α. Immunoexpressions of NF-κB, COX-2, and TGF-β were determined by immunohistochemistry, and qRT-PCR was used to quantify the gene expression of the GILZ, MKP1, and NF-κB p65. The PLGA-DEX NPs (0.1 mg/kg) significantly reduced macroscopic and histopathological scores, decreased MDA, TNF-α and IL-1β levels, immunostaining for NF-κB, COX-2, TGF-β, and suppressed NF-κB p65 mRNA expression, but increased GILZ and MKP1 expression.

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“…In general, oral ulcers (also known as canker sores or recurrent aphthous stomatitis) are painful lesions that affect the mouth. They are often caused by infections, immune disorders, trauma, or cancer [41]. In most cases, oral ulcers are treated by reducing or eliminating pain and preventing secondary infections, depending on the underlying cause.…”

Section: Oral Mucositismentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Nanocarriers for Drug Delivery in Dental Therapies

Patel¹,

Kamineni²,

Gorityala³

et al. 2021

RPM

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Dental caries are one of the major causes of oral degeneration diseases. In order to treat dental-related diseases, it is often challenging and expensive. Recent literature has reported many advances in designing delivery systems utilizing polymers and novel biomaterials. Polymers play an important role in designing many nanoformulations like liposomes, polymeric micelles, polymeric nanoparticles, carbon-based nanoparticles, nano-hydroxyapatite, iron oxide, zirconia, silica, and silver nanoparticles were used to treat oral complications of the oral cavity including dental caries, periodontal disease, and oral cancer. The present review focus on the importance of novel biodegradable polymers like poly (D, L-Lactide acid), PLLA (poly-L-lactide), PDLA (poly-D- lactide), PLGA that is poly (D, L Lactide-co-glycolide), cellulose acetate phthalate, and Chitosan, etc used to design site-specific delivery and controlled drug delivery to treat dental diseases. Moreover, research development in this area will raise opportunities for the dentist, researchers, and pharmaceutical scientists to fabricate an ideal drug delivery system.

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Effect of Gold Nanoparticle on 5-Fluorouracil-Induced Experimental Oral Mucositis in Hamsters

Cited by 19 publications

References 48 publications

Drug Delivery (Nano)Platforms for Oral and Dental Applications: Tissue Regeneration, Infection Control, and Cancer Management

Drug Delivery (Nano)Platforms for Oral and Dental Applications: Tissue Regeneration, Infection Control, and Cancer Management

Effect of Dexamethasone-Loaded PLGA Nanoparticles on Oral Mucositis Induced by 5-Fluorouracil

Advances in Nanocarriers for Drug Delivery in Dental Therapies

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