Effect of Glyphosate−Boron Application on Seed Composition and Nitrogen Metabolism in Glyphosate-Resistant Soybean

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of foliar application of glyphosate (Gly) alone, boron (B) alone, and Gly-B combined on seed composition and nitrogen metabolism in glyphosate-resistant soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.). No Gly and no B application plants were used as control (C). Results showed that Gly, Gly-B, or B applications increased protein, oleic acid, and total amino acid concentrations in seed. However, oil and linolenic acid concentrations decreased under those treatments compared with the nontreated control. Gly-B combined or B treatments increased B concentration in leaves and seed, nitrate reductase activity (NRA), and nitrogenase activity and resulted in a significant positive correlation between B concentration in leaves and NRA (r = 0.54; P < 0.0001) and B concentration in leaves and nitrogenase activity (r = 0.35; P = 0.005). The results suggest that Gly-B tank mixing may not antagonize B uptake and translocation to leaves and seeds, and the inhibitory effect of Gly on nutrient uptake and translocation may depend on the ion species and form of the nutrient mixed with Gly. These results demonstrate that Gly-B application alters seed composition, nitrogen metabolism, and B status in leaves and seed.

Effect of Boron Foliar Application on Yield and Quality of Some Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) Cultivars

“…Previous research showed that there was a positive relationship between soil B and seed protein and oleic acid, suggesting an indirect role of B in seed composition [33]. Other research showed that foliar B application increased soybean seed protein and oleic acid concentrations [32,34].…”

Role of Boron Nutrient in Nodules Growth and Nitrogen Fixation in Soybean Genotypes Under Water Stress Conditions

“…The source of lighting was a mixture of natural light, bulb light (60 W), cool white (250 W). To avoid differences in the day-length between the two experiments, the two experiments were conducted simultaneously at the same time and during the normal growing season (from April to September) for the Early Soybean Production System in the midsouth USA, and this is to be consistent with the normal photoperiod for soybean growth [10].…”

“…Samples were read at 420 nm using a Beckman Coulter DU 800 spectrophotometer (Fullerton, California). Boron analysis in soil was conducted using Inductively Coupled Plasma spectrometry (ICP) using Thermo Elemental, Thermo Jarrell-Ash model 61E ICP, USA [10]. C isotopes was determined using about 0.9 mg of ground seeds.…”

“…Under water stress conditions, plant increases abscisic acid (ABA) production [23], possibly affecting photosynthetic rate in drought-stressed plants, leading to stomata closure and transpiration rate reduction. Under these conditions boron uptake and translocation, and boron movement from leaves to seed is reduced, decreasing seed boron concentration [10]. Although soybean nodule growth and symbiotic N 2 fixation are sensitive to drought [20,24,25], we hypothesized that drought can result in boron deficiency within the plant, impacting nodule growth, N 2 fixation, and CO 2 accumulation.…”

“…Previous research indicated the involvement of B in cell wall structure [5,6]; cell membrane integrity [2,7]; sugar metabolism [2], especially sugar alcohols [3,8]; nitrogen assimilation and fixation [9,10]; nodules [11,12], nodullin protein (ENOD2) and malfunction of oxygen diffusion barrier [13]; phenolic metabolism [2,14,15]; ion uptake [2,16]; and plasma membrane-bount H+ ATPase [7,17,18].…”