Effect of glycine on 5-aminolevulinic acid biosynthesis in heterotrophic culture of Chlorella regularis YA-603

Microbial production of 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) by photosynthetic bacteria compared to other bacteria and algae is reviewed. During aerobic-microaerobic cultivation of Rhodobacter sphaeroides mutant strain CR520, control of the redox potential was effective for producing large amounts of extracellular ALA. ALA has been practically applied in agriculture as an herbicide, an insecticide and a growth-promoting factor for plants. New agricultural applications including salt tolerance and cold temperature tolerance of plants are also described. Finally, recent medical applications for cancer treatment, tumor diagnosis and other clinical uses are discussed.

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“…But, the accumulation is low compared with that of the R. sphaeroides mutant (Sasaki et al 1995b;Ano et al 1999).…”

Section: Ala Production By Photosynthetic Bacteriamentioning

confidence: 82%

Biosynthesis, biotechnological production and applications of 5-aminolevulinic acid

Sasaki

Watanabe

Tanaka

2002

Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology

180

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“…The medium used for cultivation was described previously [1]. Nicotine (in the range of 1-10 mM) was added to the medium after autoclaving.…”

Section: Algal Strains and Culture Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lycopene accumulation and cyclic carotenoid deficiency in heterotrophic Chlorella treated with nicotine

Ishikawa¹,

Abé²

2004

J IND MICROBIOL BIOTECHNOL

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We studied the effects of nicotine on Chlorella regularis Y-21 grown under heterotrophic conditions. Nicotine repressed growth, doubled cell size, and changed the culture coloration from dark-green to orange. These effects are likely due to the change of the chloroplast into a red irregular vesicle. This morphological change was associated with alteration of the carotenoid composition. Lycopene accounted for more than 80% of total carotenoids in nicotine-treated cells. The red irregular vesicles had a high electron density; we supposed them to be immature chloroplasts accumulating lycopene.

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“…Through the molecular approach, a higher 5-aminolevulinic acid concentration was produced than has been reported before. The formation of 5-aminolevulinic acid in cells is tightly regulated, and wild type microorganisms scarcely accumulate any 5-aminolevulinic acid in medium (Ano et al 2000). Only very low 5-aminolevulinic acid synthase activity is necessary for a functional tetrapyrrole biosynthesis pathway.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of 5-aminolevulinic acid synthase in recombinant Escherichia coli

Wang

Zhang

2006

World J Microbiol Biotechnol

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The Rhodobacter sphaeroides hemA gene codes for 5-aminolevulinic acid synthase (EC.2.3.1.3), catalysing the pyridoxal phosphate-dependent condensation of succinyl coenzyme A and glycine to give 5-aminolevulinic acid. The gene was transformed into Escherichia coli K 12 using the pALA vector systems. Effects of host strains, vector plasmids, growth substrates and precursors on the expression and activity of 5-aminolevulinic acid synthase were studied. The E. coli host strain had an enormous effect on 5-aminolevulinic acid synthase activity and production of 5-aminolevulinic acid, with E. coli DH1 being best suited. RT-PCR of hemA mRNA indicated that the transcription of the hemA gene in the recombinant strain appeared to be higher than that of the wild-type strain. 5-Aminolevulinic acid synthase activity was maximal when hemA had the same transcription direction as the lac promoter. Distance between lac promoter and hemA affected the expression of 5-aminolevulinic acid synthase on different growth substrates. 5-Aminolevulinic acid synthase activities were also dependent on the carbon sources and precursors. L-Malate gave the highest activity of 5-aminolevulinic acid synthase, while lactose as a carbon source resulted in a repression of 5-aminolevulinic acid synthase. Production of 5-aminolevulinic acid by recombinants were limited by the availability of glycine, and repeated addition of glycine (20 mM) to the growth medium increased production of 5-aminolevulinic acid to 33.8 mM.

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Effect of glycine on 5-aminolevulinic acid biosynthesis in heterotrophic culture of Chlorella regularis YA-603

Cited by 20 publications

References 16 publications

Biosynthesis, biotechnological production and applications of 5-aminolevulinic acid

Biosynthesis, biotechnological production and applications of 5-aminolevulinic acid

Lycopene accumulation and cyclic carotenoid deficiency in heterotrophic Chlorella treated with nicotine

Expression of 5-aminolevulinic acid synthase in recombinant Escherichia coli

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