Effect of Glucagon on Peripheral Utilization of Glucose in Man*

Itallie, Theodore B. Van; Morgan, Mary C.; Dotti, Louis B.; Lin, Hsiang Ju

doi:10.1210/jcem-15-1-28

Cited by 36 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 16 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The present investigation was undertaken to discover whether glucagon could produce an elevated blood glucose concentration with inhibition of glucose utilization, since this combination is usually observed in diabetic patients (9)(10)(11). These studies confirm and extend previous observations (12) that glucagon does not interfere with the uptake of glucose by the peripheral tissues.…”

supporting

confidence: 85%

“…Since little of the glucose entering the tissues is later released as glycogen precursors (29) the liver glycogen falls steadily. In this respect, glucagon is quite different from epinephrine which promotes the release of lactate from the muscles, and inhibits the peripheral utilization of glucose, thus permitting the maintenance of a normal liver glycogen level (12,36). As a result of these two factors, liver glycogen becomes inadequate and the release of glucose from the liver falls behind the rate of peripheral disposal.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Effect of Glucagon on Carbohydrate Metabolism in Normal Human Beings 1

Bondy¹,

Cardillo²

1956

J. Clin. Invest.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Since the isolation of glucagon (hyperglycemicglycogenolytic factor, HGF) from the pancreas (1, 2), and the demonstration that it is released in appreciable amounts into the blood stream (3)(4)(5), there has been much speculation about the possibility that diabetes mellitus may result from an imbalance between secretion of insulin and glucagon (6)(7)(8). This speculation has been given additional weight by the demonstration that anterior pituitary growth hormone, a well established diabetogenic agent, causes release of a glucagonlike substance from the pancreas of experimental animals (5). The present investigation was undertaken to discover whether glucagon could produce an elevated blood glucose concentration with inhibition of glucose utilization, since this combination is usually observed in diabetic patients (9)(10)(11) Alpha amino nitrogen content of plasma and whole blood was determined on venous samples according to the method of Frame, Russell, and Wilhelmi (16,17).The concentration of blood ketone bodies was determined on arterial samples by a modification (18) of the method of Greenberg and Lester (19).In acute experiments, three control pairs of arteriovenous samples were drawn and then 1.0 ml. (0.95 mg.) of glucagon3 was immediately injected through the venous Cournand needle. Samples were taken 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 10, and 15 minutes after the injection. A control experiment was run in two cases, by repeating the entire procedure, substituting a slow intravenous drip of 5 per cent glucose in water for glucagon. The rate of administration of glucose was adjusted to produce an arterial glucose curve approximating that produced by glucagon. The control experiments followed the glucagon experiments by at least one week.The effect of HGF on the peripheral circulation was studied by following skin temperatures and finger plethysmographs in two volunteers for fifteen minutes after the injection of glucagon. The subjects rested in a constant temperature room at 82 degrees F. for twentyfour minutes before the inj ections. Skin temperatures were measured in seven locations by thermocouples; relative blood flow was estimated by finger plethysmography, using the technique of Burch (20). No blood chemical determinations were made in these subjects.In a second group of subjects, 0.04 mg. per Kg. of glucagon was administered in 240 to 300 ml. of 0.9 per cent saline intravenously at a constant rate over the course of two hours. Control arterial and venous samples were drawn five minutes before and at the start of the glucagon infusion, and 15, 30, 60, and 120 minutes thereafter, while the glucagon was being administered. In 3 The glucagon preparation employed in these experiments, kindly supplied by Dr 494

show abstract

supporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Glucagon on Carbohydrate Metabolism in Normal Human Beings 1

Bondy¹,

Cardillo²

1956

J. Clin. Invest.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…If the present findings are correctly interpreted, an agent capable of such effects should abolish gastric hunger contractions even at lower glucose levels than those which follow its intravenous administration. It has recently been shown that glucagon has this effect upon blood glucose (30), and preliminary study has indicated that its administration predictably abolishes gastric hunger contractions (31). Details of these findings will'be the subject of a further report.…”

Section: Significancementioning

confidence: 90%

“…Venous and capillary blood samples were obtained according to two different schedules; at 10, 30 and 50 minutes, and at 20, 40 and 60 minutes following completion of the glucose injection. To conserve space all of these values are not recorded in the tables.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on the Physiology of Hunger. I. The Effect of Intravenous Administration of Glucose on Gastric Hunger Contractions in Man 1

Stunkard¹,

Wolff²,

Plescia³

1956

J. Clin. Invest.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Ingle, Nezamis, and Humphrey (8) were unable to demonstrate any influence of glucagon upon extrahepatic glucose utilization in eviscerated rats. Using peripheral arteriovenous glucose differences as an index of peripheral glucose utilization in healthy human subjects, Van Itallie, Morgan, and Dotti (9) have found that glucagon does not inhibit and may accelerate uptake of glucose by peripheral tissues.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Glucagon-Induced Hyperglycemia as an Index of Liver Function 12

Itallie¹,

Bentley²

1955

J. Clin. Invest.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Glucagon is a protein substance in pancreatic extracts which raises blood glucose by stimulating hepatic glycogenolysis (1-3). For this reason, it has been termed the hyperglycemic glycogenolytic factor (HGF) of the pancreas. Sutherland and Cori (2) have shown that glucagon increases the concentration of active phosphorylase in liver slice preparations. Apparently, glucagon administration does not induce glycogenolysis in muscle (4, 5).Whether glucagon has an effect on extrahepatic utilization of glucose is still a matter of controversy. Drury, Wick, and Sherrill (6) have reported that the rate of uptake of C'4-labeled glucose by eviscerated-nephrectomized rabbits actually decreases when glucagon is administered to such animals. On the other hand, Root, Ellis, and Staub (7), using intact rabbits and mice, have demonstrated that the presence of glucagon in insulin solutions in ratios of from 1: 100 to 1: 1 does not influence the degree of hypoglycemia produced by insulin and does not alter the potency of the insulin preparation as determined by the mouse convulsion assay. Ingle, Nezamis, and Humphrey (8) were unable to demonstrate any influence of glucagon upon extrahepatic glucose utilization in eviscerated rats. Using peripheral arteriovenous glucose differences as an index of peripheral glucose utilization in healthy human subjects, Van Itallie, Morgan, and Dotti (9) have found that glucagon does not inhibit and may accelerate uptake of glucose by peripheral tissues.It has been known for many years that the diseased liver usually does not contain a normal quantity of glycogen.

show abstract

Effect of Glucagon on Peripheral Utilization of Glucose in Man*

Cited by 36 publications

References 16 publications

The Effect of Glucagon on Carbohydrate Metabolism in Normal Human Beings 1

The Effect of Glucagon on Carbohydrate Metabolism in Normal Human Beings 1

Studies on the Physiology of Hunger. I. The Effect of Intravenous Administration of Glucose on Gastric Hunger Contractions in Man 1

Glucagon-Induced Hyperglycemia as an Index of Liver Function 12

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About