Effect of Glomus Mosseae (Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus) On Host - Parasite Relationship of Meloidogyne Incognita (Southern Root-Knot Nematode) on Four Improved Cowpea Varieties

Abstract

Abstract:Two pot experiments and a field study were conducted in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). The experiments were conducted to determine the effect of Glomus mosseae, a mycorrhiza fungus, on the reaction of four improved cowpea varieties to Meloidogyne incognita. Cowpea plants were inoculated with a single or a combination of 5 000 eggs of M. incognita and 50 g of G. mosseae inoculum containing 5 spores/g of soil. The standardized method of screening and reporting resistance of crop germplasm to root-knot nematodes at 60 days after planting, and the modified version of including yield for resistance rating at harvest were used for this study. Root galling due to M. incognita infection was significantly lower on all the cowpea varieties treated with G. mosseae and more significantly on IT90K-277-2 and IT89KD-288 in the screenhouse. G. mosseae, suppressed root-knot nematode reproduction on all the varieties compared to cowpea plants infected only by M. incognita both in the screenhouse and field experiments. Also, G. mosseae mitigated the damage attributable to the root-knot nematode on all these varieties. Using Gall Index (GI), reproduction factor and yield, G. mosseae was effective in improving the resistance of the cowpea varieties to M. incognita. IT90K-76 cowpea variety was consistently resistant to the root-knot nematode, while IT90K-277-2 was tolerant with M. incognita infection but resistant with G. mosseae treatment. IT90K-941-1 variety was resistant in the screenhouse. The results of this study also confirmed G. mosseae as a potential bio-control agent for M. incognita on these cowpea varieties.

Scutellospora sp. A Mycorrhizal Fungal Species in the Management of Root Knot Nematode, Meloidogyne incognita in Tomato

“…The earlier findings of effectiveness of AM fungus, G.mosseae in reducing R. reniformis population and increasing plant growth and yield of cotton also support the present findings (Seenivasan and Devrajan, 2008). In support of the present study, Odeyemi et al (2010) also reported that inoculation of G. mosseae @ 50g (5 spores/g of soil) reduced reproduction factor of M. incognita on four improved cowpea varieties.…”

Pathogenicity of Meloidogyne Incognita Race 1 on Tomato as Influenced by Different Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Bioformulated Paecilomyces Lilacinus in a Dysteric Cambisol Soil

“…This fungus parasitizes the egg of root-knot nematode and its other life stages. Similarly, many researchers have reported the effectiveness of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in the control of root-knot nematodes and other nematodes in many crops (Diederichs 1987;Shreenivasa et al 2007;Zhang et al 2008;Odeyemi et al 2010). The mechanism involved in nematode suppression by AMF is still topical (Gera Hol and Cook 2005).…”

Integration ofGlomus mosseaewithChromolaena odoratapowder for suppression ofMeloidogyne incognitaon maize (Zea maysL.)

“…This is indicative that the G. mosseae improves nutrient supply along with the nematicidal properties exhibited by C. odorata powder. Reduction in M. incognita population in this study could have been as result of mycorrhizal infection in the roots of maize which had earlier been confirmed to improve phosphorus nutrition and that they are obligate feeders competing for space in the aburscules of maize root alongside M. incognita (Odeyemi et al 2010). It is evident that an increased capacity for nutrient acquisition resulting from mycorrhiza association could help the plant resulting in stronger plant health.…”