Effect of ginseng polysaccharides on NK cell cytotoxicity in immunosuppressed mice

Sun, Yaoyao; Guo, Mofei; Feng, Yuanjie; Zheng, Huifang; Lei, Ping; Ma, Xiande; Han, Xiao; Hong-quan, Guan; Hou, Dawei

doi:10.3892/etm.2016.3840

Cited by 29 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The Aps injection increased the content of IgG, IgM, and IgA in weaned piglets (Xie et al, 2015). In addition, research found that the Gps increased the number of NK cells in the blood of immunosuppressed mice and promoted the expression of perforin and granzyme (Sun et al, 2016). We found that adding Aps could increase IgA and IgM levels in piglets after 14 and 28 days compared with control piglets.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Astragalus and Ginseng Polysaccharides Improve Developmental, Intestinal Morphological, and Immune Functional Characters of Weaned Piglets

et al. 2019

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Antibiotic resistance is a major issue in animal industries and antibiotic-free alternatives are needed to treat infectious diseases and improve performance of pigs. Plant extracts have been suggested as a potential solution. The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of Astragalus polysaccharides (Aps) and ginseng polysaccharide (Gps) on growth performance, intestinal morphology, immune function, volatile fatty acids (VFAs), and microfloral community in weaned piglets. A total of 180 weaned piglets were randomly divided into three treatment groups during a 28-days feeding experiment, including a basal diet (Con), basal diet supplemented with 800 mg/kg Aps (Aps), and basal diet supplemented with 800 mg/kg Gps (Gps). Results showed that both Aps and Gps increased body weight, average daily gain and feed conversion rate, and reduced the rate of diarrhea. Gps also decreased aspartate aminotransferase compared to the Con piglets after 14 days. No significant effects on alanine aminotransferase were observed. Both Aps and Gps piglets exhibited higher serum immunoglobulin M levels after 14 and 28 days, and also decreased jejunal crypt depth, increased jejunal villus length and villus height/crypt depth ratio, and increased expression of toll-like receptor 4, myeloid differentiation primary response 88, nuclear factor-kappa B proteins in the jejunum. Aps and Gps piglets also had higher concentrations of acetic acid, isobutyric acid, and butyrate in their colon. Data of high-throughput sequencing revealed that Aps and Gps affected bacterial quantity and diversity in the colon. Species richness and evenness were higher in both Aps and Gps piglets than the control piglets. Aps and Gps piglets also had a higher relative abundance of Lachnospiraceae and Anaerostipes , and the Aps piglets had a higher relative abundance of Lactobacillus gasseri and L. amylovorus . Therefore, dietary supplementation with Aps and Gps could be beneficial for optimizing the performance of industry pigs and reducing dependence on antibiotics. Furthermore, Plant polysaccharides play a great role in promoting the sustainable development of animal husbandry.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Astragalus and Ginseng Polysaccharides Improve Developmental, Intestinal Morphological, and Immune Functional Characters of Weaned Piglets

et al. 2019

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“…Delivery of GrB has been demonstrated previously for anti-tumor therapy 16. GrB was fused with the single-chain antibody scFvMEL (anti-gp240), vascular endothelial growth factor 121, and transforming growth factor α (TGFα) and the data provided the first proof of concept that GrB-based anti-tumor agents could realize tumor inhibition in vivo 17.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

A novel Granzyme B nanoparticle delivery system simulates immune cell functions for suppression of solid tumors

Xiao-min¹,

Shi²,

Qi³

et al. 2019

Theranostics

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Cell-based immunotherapy for the treatment of hematologic malignancies, such as leukemia and lymphoma, has seen much success and played an increasingly important role in clinical studies. Nevertheless, the efficacy of immunotherapy in solid tumors still needs improvements due to the immunosuppressive properties of tumor cells and the microenvironment. To overcome these limitations, we prepared a novel tumor-targeting delivery system based on the underlying mechanism of immune-targeted cell death that encapsulated granzyme B protein within a porous polymeric nanocapsule.Methods: A cell-penetrating peptide TAT was attached onto granzyme B (GrB) to enhance its transmembrane transport efficiency and potency to induce cell apoptosis. The endocytosis and internalization pathways of GrB-TAT (GrB-T) were analyzed in comparison with perforin by confocal microscopy and flow cytometry. Furthermore, the positively charged GrB-T was wrapped into nanoparticles by p-2-methacryloyloxy ethyl phosphorylcholine (PMPC)-modified HA (hyaluronic acid). The nanoparticles (called TCiGNPs) were characterized in terms of zeta potential and by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The in vitro anti-tumor effects of GrB-T were examined by cell apoptosis assay and Western blotting analysis. The in vivo anti-tumor therapeutic efficacy of TCiGNPs was evaluated in a mouse tumor model.Results: The TAT peptide could play a role similar to perforin to mediate direct transmembrane transfer of GrB and improve GrB-induced cell apoptosis. The TCiGNPs were successfully synthesized and accumulated in the solid tumor through enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect. In the tumor microenvironment, TCiGNPs could be degraded by hyaluronidase and triggered the release of GrB-T. The TAT peptide enabled the translocation of GrB across the plasma membrane to induce tumor cell apoptosis in vivo.Conclusion: We successfully developed a granzyme B delivery system with a GrB-T core and a PMPC/HA shell that simulated CTL/NK cell-mediated cancer immunotherapy mechanism. The GrB delivery system holds great promise for cancer treatment analogous to the CTL/NK cell-induced immunotherapy.

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“…Some researchers suggest that NK cell‐mediated cytotoxicity is augmented by various therapeutic agents and peptides . Among them, lenalidomide, an immunomodulatory drug for multiple myeloma, appears to indirectly restore NK cell function by inducing IFN‐γ secretion, facilitating actin remodeling, and modulating PD‐1/PD‐L1 interactions .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histidine‐rich glycoprotein augments natural killer cell function by modulating PD‐1 expression via CLEC‐1B

Nishimura

Wake

Takamatsu

et al. 2019

Pharmacology Res & Perspec

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Augmentation of natural killer ( NK ) cell cytotoxicity is one of the greatest challenges for cancer immunotherapy. Although histidine‐rich glycoprotein ( HRG ), a 75‐ kD a glycoprotein with various immunomodulatory activities, reportedly elicits antitumor immunity, its effect on NK cell cytotoxicity is unclear. We assessed NK cell cytotoxicity against K562 cells. We also measured concentrations of cytokines and granzyme B in the cell supernatant. The proportion of CD 56 bright NK cells and NK cell surface PD ‐1 expression was assessed with flow cytometry. The neutralizing effects of anti‐C‐type lectin‐like receptor ( CLEC ) 1B against HRG were also measured. NK cell morphological changes were analyzed via confocal microscopy. HRG significantly increased NK cell cytotoxicity against K562 cell lines. HRG also increased the release of granzyme B and the proportion of CD 56 bright NK cells. Further, HRG was able to decrease NK cell surface PD ‐1 expression. The effects of HRG on NK cells were reversed with anti‐ CLEC ‐1B antibodies. Additionally, we confirmed NK cell nuclear morphology and F‐actin distribution, which are involved in the regulation of cytotoxic granule secretion. Because both PD ‐1 and CLEC ‐1B are associated with prognosis during malignancy, HRG incorporates these molecules to exert the antitumor immunity role. These facts indicate the potential of HRG to be a new target for cancer immunotherapy.

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Effect of ginseng polysaccharides on NK cell cytotoxicity in immunosuppressed mice

Cited by 29 publications

References 23 publications

Astragalus and Ginseng Polysaccharides Improve Developmental, Intestinal Morphological, and Immune Functional Characters of Weaned Piglets

Astragalus and Ginseng Polysaccharides Improve Developmental, Intestinal Morphological, and Immune Functional Characters of Weaned Piglets

A novel Granzyme B nanoparticle delivery system simulates immune cell functions for suppression of solid tumors

Histidine‐rich glycoprotein augments natural killer cell function by modulating PD‐1 expression via CLEC‐1B

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