Effect of ginsam, a vinegar extract from Panax ginseng, on body weight and glucose homeostasis in an obese insulin-resistant rat model

Effects of Korean ginseng (<i>Panax ginseng</i> C.A. Meyer) root extract on egg production performance and egg quality of laying hens

“…Likewise, numerous studies have demonstrated the pharmaceutical effects of P. ginseng on physical, chemical and biological stress (Takahashi et al, 1992;Shim et al, 2010), systemic immune function (Spelman et al, 2006) and glucose metabolism (Lim et al, 2009). The presence of ginsenoside in the P. ginseng complex contributed to the improvement in the parameters evaluated by its antimicrobial and antioxidant potential, as confirmed by Takahashi et al (1992); Kim et al (2008), Zhang et al (2008) and Lim et al (2009).…”

“…Among these, the saponins (ginsenosides) are considered the principal bioactive ingredients (Palazon et al, 2003) and are believed to possess anti-fatigue and hepatoprotective physiological properties (Wu & Zhong, 1999), and improve cardiovascular system dysfunction (Kang et al, 1995). Likewise, numerous studies have demonstrated the pharmaceutical effects of P. ginseng on physical, chemical and biological stress (Takahashi et al, 1992;Shim et al, 2010), systemic immune function (Spelman et al, 2006) and glucose metabolism (Lim et al, 2009). The presence of ginsenoside in the P. ginseng complex contributed to the improvement in the parameters evaluated by its antimicrobial and antioxidant potential, as confirmed by Takahashi et al (1992); Kim et al (2008), Zhang et al (2008) and Lim et al (2009).…”

Vinegar: functional aspects

“…Besides the rice vinegar, the vinegar of other raw materials are also featured in functional properties, such as sherry wine vinegar with different fruits (orange, strawberry, grape and lemon) (Bastante et al, 2010); apple vinegar, with potential in the prevention of tumors (Abe et al, 2007), in lowering cholesterol and triglycerides level (Budak et al, 2011); vinegar made from ginseng extracts with antiglycemic and antidiabetic effect (Lim et al, 2009); pomegranate vinegar, being classified as a functional condiment due to phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity with potential in reducing the accumulation of visceral fat (Ordoudi et al, 2014;Park et al, 2014). In Indian jujube vinegar (Zizyphus mauritiana) -a little exploited Indian fruit -the authors found a high antioxidant activity of the fermented, and it may be defined as a functional vinegar (Vithlani & Patel, 2010); and, in general, Salbe et al (2009) assessed the effects of vinegar on the regulation of human glucose and possible mechanisms of action.…”

“…The authors have used three groups of rats, one as control and the others administering 300 mg kg -1 and 500 mg kg -1 vinegar per day (Lim et al, 2009). …”

Beneficial Effects of Ginsenosides-Rb1 on Immune Function of Rats During Strenuous Physical Exercise

“…Panax ginseng has several pharmacologic and physiologic effects that are being disclosed gradually. Various clinical and pharmacologic effects associated with its use have been reported, such as anticancer activity, protection against circulatory shock, promotion of hematopoiesis, and modulation of immune functions and cellular metabolic processes involving carbohydrates, fats, and proteins (5). The active constituents of Panax ginseng are ginsenosides that include neutral ginsenosides, malonylginsenosides, and oleanolic acid-type ginsenoside (1).…”