Effect of Gibberellic Acid on Flower Differentiation in Petkus Winter Rye

Caso, O. H.; Highkin, H. R.; Koller, D.

doi:10.1038/185477b0

Cited by 20 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Studies of the effect of gibber ellin preparations showed that under long-day conditions they induce stem and flower formation in unvernalized one-year-old seedlings of biennial spe cies-henbane, carrot, parsley, turnip, chicory, cabbage, and European gold enrod (Solidago virga-aurea)-as well as in seedlings of winter forms Arabidopsis thaliana, rape, and lettuce (21,33,79,106,198). In contrast to them the treatment of winter forms of cereals-rye, wheat, and barley with gibberellins resulted only in the formation and growth of stems and in the slight stimulation of the development of rudimentary spikes but did not induce heading and flowering of these plants (23,33,106,122,152). Thus, beginning from the first experiments by Lang (106) the chemical vernaliza tion of winter forms and seedlings of biennials was obtained; it was similar to vernalization induced with lower temperatures.…”

Section: Hormonal Factors and Physiologically Active Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Internal Factors of Plant Flowering

Chaĭlakhyan¹

1968

Annu. Rev. Plant. Physiol.

100

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Access provided by 34.215.51.103 on 05/13/18. For personal use only. Quick links to online contentFurther ANNUAL REVIEWS INTERNAL FACTORS OF PLANT FLOWERING1By MIKHAIL KH. CHAILAKHYAN Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Academy of Sciences, MoscowThe individual development or the ontogenesis of plants, which begins with the ovary's fertilization or with formation of an embryonic bud and ends with death, comprises the whole cycle of the plant's life and includes all its life processes. The transition of plants from vegetative growth to flowering, when new progeny develops in tissues of the maternal plant, is the most essential period in ontogenesis. The physiological nature of the transformations which precede and condition the formation and develop ment of floral organs is the main subject of this paper.The morphological picture of flower development, outlined in the theory of metamorphosis by the great poet and botanist Goethe, who thought of a flower as a transformed leaf shoot, is now widely recognized and has been developed by numerous scientists (182). The physiology of processes which precede the development of a flower has not been studied as well; the pic ture is vague and contradictory though the earliest conj ectures go back as far as the second half of the last century. And if anybody were asked to name a phenomenon of plant life where the gap between morphology and physiology is the widest, he would certainly indicate flowering.Sachs's hypothesis (162) on plant-forming and especially on flower-form ing substances, which was first published in 1880, was the earliest concept of the physiological nature of plant flowering. Klebs's theory (95) of the role of the ratio of nutrients appeared much later (in 1918). A new phase in the study of the physiological nature of the flowering phenomenon began immediately. In 1918, Gassner (70) found that winter forms require cold and that they differ in this requirement from spring forms; he discovered the phenomenon of thermo induction in plants while in 1920 Garner & Al lard (69) discovered photoperiodism in plants.During the half century that has passed since that time, the physiology of flowering became enriched with new basic data and with essential theo retical conclusions. These findings have been reviewed in articles regularly published in the Annual Review of Plant Physiology (56,62, lOS,112,116,165,172), in detailed reviews published in the Encyclopedia of Plant Phys iology, Volume 16 (119,139,140,153), as well as in other articles and books (34,76,86,107,166,197,204). The present state of the problem has been fundamentally outlined by Lang (109) An answer to the first question can be found in the realm of phenomena where both genetic factors and plant reactions to environmental conditions play a decisive role. Under common natural conditions,fiowering of seed plants takes place after the formation of vegetative organs or, more pre cisely, after they have passed the young age or juvenile stage. The duration of the juvenile period in many plants dep...

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Section: Hormonal Factors and Physiologically Active Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Internal Factors of Plant Flowering

Chaĭlakhyan¹

1968

Annu. Rev. Plant. Physiol.

100

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“…Flower induction. In some plant species, the cold requirement for flower initiation can be replaced by exogenous GA (5,17,26). It has been demonstrated that the level of endogenous GA may rise during vernalization (4,27).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some plant species, at the embryonic or juvenile stage, require a period of low temperature for flower induction (7). Such a cold requirement can be totally or partially substituted by exogenous GA (5,17,26). It has also been demonstrated that the level of endogenous GA may rise during a cold treatment, particularly towards the end (4,27), although this is not true in all species (36).…”

Section: Exogenous Gibberellins and Abscisic Acid Effects On Growth A...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Exogenous Gibberellins and Abscisic Acid Effects on Growth and Development of Lilium longiflorum1

Lin

Wilkins

Angell

1975

J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci.

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Dormancy of non-cooled Lilium longiflorum Thunb. cv. Ace bulbs was broken with GA3 (1000 ppm), while ABA (500 ppm) partially negated the effect of vernalization on dormancy breaking. Infusion of bulbs with GA3 or ABA had little effect on days to anthesis. Injections of GA3, GA4, or GA7 into shoots from non-cooled bulbs did not substitute for vernalization or affect days to anthesis. ABA injections into shoots from cooled bulbs partially negated the effect of vernalization and delayed anthesis. Injections of GA3 or GA7 into shoots from cooled bulbs decreased days to anthesis, while GA3, GA4 or GA7 increased plant height. ABA delayed anthesis and reduced stem elongation. The major effect of exogenous GA applications appears to stimulate bolting.

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Section: Hormonal Factors and Physiologically Active Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 96%

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1968

Annu. Rev. Plant. Physiol.

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Effect of Gibberellic Acid on Flower Differentiation in Petkus Winter Rye

Cited by 20 publications

References 5 publications

Internal Factors of Plant Flowering

Internal Factors of Plant Flowering

Exogenous Gibberellins and Abscisic Acid Effects on Growth and Development of Lilium longiflorum1

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