Effect of ghrelin on inflammatory response in lung contusion

Güven, Berrak; Gokce, Mertol; Saydam, Özkan; Çan, Murat; Bektaş, Sibel; Yurtlu, Serhan

doi:10.1016/j.kjms.2012.08.011

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…In three rat studies on sepsis-induced lung injury, sepsis induced by cecal ligation and puncture was shown to decrease ghrelin levels, and administration of ghrelin to restore plasma levels reduced the lung injury and inflammation, increased pulmonary blood flow and improved survival [231,232,233]. Similar effects were observed in rat models of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced lung injury [234,235,236], pancreatitis-induced lung injury [237], paraquat-induced injury [238], bleomycin-induced injury [239] and lung contusion [240]. Ghrelin was also found to ameliorate the catabolic conditions and respiratory dysfunction induced by chronic cigarette smoking in rats [241], likely in part by inhibiting the pro-inflammatory effects of cigarette smoking in bronchial epithelial cells [242].…”

Section: Pulmonary Diseasementioning

confidence: 87%

Therapeutic Potential of Targeting the Ghrelin Pathway

Colldén

Tschöp

Müller

2017

IJMS

119

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Ghrelin was discovered in 1999 as the endogenous ligand of the growth-hormone secretagogue receptor 1a (GHSR1a). Since then, ghrelin has been found to exert a plethora of physiological effects that go far beyond its initial characterization as a growth hormone (GH) secretagogue. Among the numerous well-established effects of ghrelin are the stimulation of appetite and lipid accumulation, the modulation of immunity and inflammation, the stimulation of gastric motility, the improvement of cardiac performance, the modulation of stress, anxiety, taste sensation and reward-seeking behavior, as well as the regulation of glucose metabolism and thermogenesis. Due to a variety of beneficial effects on systems’ metabolism, pharmacological targeting of the endogenous ghrelin system is widely considered a valuable approach to treat metabolic complications, such as chronic inflammation, gastroparesis or cancer-associated anorexia and cachexia. The aim of this review is to discuss and highlight the broad pharmacological potential of ghrelin pathway modulation for the treatment of anorexia, cachexia, sarcopenia, cardiopathy, neurodegenerative disorders, renal and pulmonary disease, gastrointestinal (GI) disorders, inflammatory disorders and metabolic syndrome.

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Section: Pulmonary Diseasementioning

confidence: 87%

Therapeutic Potential of Targeting the Ghrelin Pathway

Colldén

Tschöp

Müller

2017

IJMS

119

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“…In this line, it has been shown that ghrelin treatment decreases production of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1, IL-6, and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α [ 47 ], as well as neutrophil density in sputum from COPD patients [ 48 ], and increases levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-10 [ 10 ]. The dosage of ghrelin used herein (200 μg kg -1 per day) was chosen based on pooled data from previous experimental [ 49 , 50 ] and clinical [ 15 , 48 ] studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ghrelin therapy improves lung and cardiovascular function in experimental emphysema

et al. 2017

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BackgroundEmphysema is a progressive disease characterized by irreversible airspace enlargement followed by a decline in lung function. It also causes extrapulmonary effects, such as loss of body mass and cor pulmonale, which are associated with shorter survival and worse clinical outcomes. Ghrelin, a growth-hormone secretagogue, stimulates muscle anabolism, has anti-inflammatory effects, promotes vasodilation, and improves cardiac performance. Therefore, we hypothesized that ghrelin might reduce lung inflammation and remodelling as well as improve lung mechanics and cardiac function in experimental emphysema.MethodsForty female C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned into two main groups: control (C) and emphysema (ELA). In the ELA group (n=20), animals received four intratracheal instillations of pancreatic porcine elastase (PPE) at 1-week intervals. C animals (n=20) received saline alone (50 μL) using the same protocol. Two weeks after the last instillation of saline or PPE, C and ELA animals received ghrelin or saline (n=10/group) intraperitoneally (i.p.) daily, during 3 weeks. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA), echocardiography, lung mechanics, histology, and molecular biology were analysed.ResultsIn elastase-induced emphysema, ghrelin treatment decreased alveolar hyperinflation and mean linear intercept, neutrophil infiltration, and collagen fibre content in the alveolar septa and pulmonary vessel wall; increased elastic fibre content; reduced M1-macrophage populations and increased M2 polarization; decreased levels of keratinocyte-derived chemokine (KC, a mouse analogue of interleukin-8), tumour necrosis factor-α, and transforming growth factor-β, but increased interleukin-10 in lung tissue; augmented static lung elastance; reduced arterial pulmonary hypertension and right ventricular hypertrophy on echocardiography; and increased lean mass.ConclusionIn the elastase-induced emphysema model used herein, ghrelin not only reduced lung damage but also improved cardiac function and increased lean mass. These findings should prompt further studies to evaluate ghrelin as a potential therapy for emphysema.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12931-017-0668-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…As a microbial modulator, probiotics not only improve intestinal barrier function, but also affect other organs in the body . The recently discovered hormone ghrelin, which is an endogenous brain‐gut peptide, could ameliorate lung inflammation in patients with ALI . Additionally, probiotics have a regulatory effect on ghrelin .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5 The recently discovered hormone ghrelin, which is an endogenous brain-gut peptide, could ameliorate lung inflammation in patients with ALI. 6 Additionally, probiotics have a regulatory effect on ghrelin. 7 Therefore, this study examined the roles of probiotics in children with ALI in the regulation of ghrelin and protection of the lungs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%