Effect of gentamicin lavage of the axillary surgical bed after lymph node dissection on drainage discharge volume

Intracavity lavage and wound irrigation for prevention of surgical site infection

“…Three of the studies enrolled only children ( Kokavec 2008 ; Kubota 1999 ; Kubota 2015 ); 19 enrolled only adults Baker 1994 ; Bourgeois 1985 ; Carl 2000 ; Case 1987 ; Dashow 1986 ; Chang 2006 ; Cheng 2005 ; Levin 1983 ; Lord 1983 ; Magann 1993 ; Mirsharifi 2008 ; Oller 2015 ; Ruiz‐Tovar 2012 ; Ruiz‐Tovar 2013 ; Ruiz‐Tovar 2016a ; Ruiz‐Tovar 2016b ; Schein 1990 ; Silverman 1986 ; Takesue 2011 ) and in 13 studies the population was mixed or unclear ( Al‐Shehri 1994 ; Browne 1978 ; Greig 1987 ; Marti 1979 ; Moylan 1968 ; Neeff 2016 ; Oestreicher 1989 ; Oleson 1980 ; Rambo 1972 ; Ruiz‐Tovar 2011 ; Sindelar 1979 ; Tighe 1982 ; Vallance 1985 ).…”

“…Antiseptic agents used included povidone iodine (Betadine), chlorhexidine, polyhexanide, taurolidine (Taurolin), and acidic electrolysed water. Twenty‐two studies (2902 participants) used an antibiotic solution ( Al‐Shehri 1994 ; Bourgeois 1985 ; Carl 2000 ; Case 1987 ; Dashow 1986 ; Greig 1987 ; Levin 1983 ; Lord 1983 ; Magann 1993 ; Marti 1979 ; Mirsharifi 2008 ; Moylan 1968 ; Oleson 1980 ; Oller 2015 ; Rambo 1972 ; Ruiz‐Tovar 2011 ; Ruiz‐Tovar 2012 ; Ruiz‐Tovar 2013 ; Ruiz‐Tovar 2016a ; Ruiz‐Tovar 2016b ; Schein 1990 ; Silverman 1986 ). Levin 1983 ; Marti 1979 and Oller 2015 were all three‐arm trials assessing saline and two different antibiotic solutions; for this comparison we combined the two antibiotic groups and compared them with saline.…”

“…Three studies with 202 participants reported analysable data on overall adverse events that could be clearly determined to represent all participants with an adverse event ( Ruiz‐Tovar 2013 ; Ruiz‐Tovar 2016b ; Schein 1990 ). There is no clear difference between the groups (RR 0.55, 95% CI 0.22 to 1.34, I 2 = 0%; 178 participants); this was low‐certainty evidence downgraded twice for imprecision Analysis 2.3 .…”

Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials Evaluating Prophylactic Intra-Operative Wound Irrigation for the Prevention of Surgical Site Infections

“…Due to this heterogeneity of the evidence, nine separate comparisons were composed. Five studies describing intraoperative peritoneal cavity irrigation (20)(21)(22)(23)(24) comparing saline solution vs. no irrigation (20), taurolidine vs. saline solution (21) and antibiotic irrigation vs saline or no irrigation (22)(23)(24); fifteen describing incisional wound irrigation (25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39) comparing saline solution vs. no irrigation (25), syringe pressure irrigation with saline solution vs. no irrigation (26), pulse pressure irrigation with saline solution vs. normal saline solution (27,28), aqueous povidone iodine (PVP-I) vs. saline solution (29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35) and antibiotic vs. saline solution or no irrigation (22,(36)(37)(38)(39); and one study describing intraoperative mediastinal cavity irrigation (40) comparing aqueous PVP-I vs. saline solution. Most studies were conducted in patients undergoing abdominal surgery…”

Role of culture of postoperative drainage fluid in the prediction of infection of the surgical site after major oncological operations of the head and neck

“…The estimation of the final sample size was conducted taking similar studies as references. 8,9 Our results are valid only for patients with SCC of the head and neck who fit the inclusion criteria, which is the main limitation of our study. Our main finding was that if the drainage culture grew no pathogens on postoperative day 3, patients would have a low risk of deep infection of the surgical site and consequently could be discharged earlier.…”