Effect of gamma‐irradiation on the physicomechanical properties of synthetic rubber–based silica composites

Mohamed, Reham A.; Khattab, Magdy M.; Abdelaziz, M.

doi:10.1002/adv.20225

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 36 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Additionally, for a polar rubber-like NBR, the presence of polar nitrile (−CN) groups could make a hydrogen-bond type dipolar interaction with the surface hydroxyl groups of zirconia, resulting in a strong zirconia–NBR interaction (Scheme ). Such a kind of interaction between nitrile groups of NBR and silanol groups of silica is well reported in literature , Most probably, the concentration of the hydroxyl group on the sol–gel-derived zirconia particles is higher than commercially available externally added zirconia. Due to the presence of a higher number of hydroxyl groups on the in situ zirconia particles, the rubber–filler interactions become stronger that deliver superior mechanical properties to the in situ filled NBR composites.…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

In Situ Zirconia: A Superior Reinforcing Filler for High-Performance Nitrile Rubber Composites

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Zirconia particles are generated into a nitrile rubber (NBR) matrix via a solution sol–gel method in a controlled manner. Formation of zirconia particles from their precursor (zirconium(IV) propoxide) occurs under optimized reaction conditions. As a result, the nanoparticles are embedded and well dispersed in the NBR matrix that results in a remarkable improvement in mechanical and thermal properties of the composite. Such reinforcement is not realized when the composites are prepared following the conventional technique of filler loading by physical mixing, although the filler content remains the same. Use of a surface active coupling agent TESPT (bis-(3-triethoxysilylpropyl) tetrasulfide) in the reactive sol–gel system is found to further boost the mechanical performance of the composites. In order to ensure the practical application of the developed composites, a series of studies have been performed that consist of dynamic performance, swelling, thermal degradation, and resistance to oil, ozone, and abrasion. Analysis of the results reveals that in situ zirconia could be an excellent filler for the NBR composites to withstand in a harsh and adverse environment.

show abstract

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

In Situ Zirconia: A Superior Reinforcing Filler for High-Performance Nitrile Rubber Composites

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…During the mixing of silica-filled rubber blend with curative additives, migration of silica from nonpolar NR to polar NBR may take place due to interaction between silanol group of silica and nitrile group of NBR. Such interaction between silanol group of silica and nitrile group of NBR via hydrogen bonding is well reported in literature [18][19][20][21]. As a result of this, preferential accumulation of silica at the interface region of the blend could take place.…”

Section: Morphologymentioning

confidence: 84%

“…There are many reports on in situ silicafilled elastomer composites where mostly single rubber system such as natural rubber (NR) [1][2][3][4][5][6][7], styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) [8][9][10][11], butadiene rubber (BR) [12], chloroprene rubber (CR) [13,14] and nitrile rubber (NBR) [15][16][17][18][19][20][21] is focused. Studies on the rubber blends, filled with in situ silica, are rather scanty in literature.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Compatibilization of natural rubber/nitrile rubber blends by sol–gel nano-silica generated by in situ method

Bansod

Kapgate

Das

et al. 2016

J Sol-Gel Sci Technol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Controlled growth of in situ silica, into natural rubber (NR)/nitrile rubber (NBR) blend (40/60 composition by weight) following solution sol-gel method, results in a coherent blend morphology with enhanced composite properties. Similar composites, i.e., in situ silica-filled NR/ NBR blend (40/60 by weight), showed better mechanical properties than any other composition that were prepared by soaking sol-gel method in earlier study. However, silica content in the rubber blend was limited to 20 phr (parts per hundred parts of rubber) and could not be increased under experimental condition following soaking sol-gel method. In the present work, silica content is increased (up to 30 phr) beyond that limit for the same blend composition. Accordingly, mechanical properties of the NR/NBR composites are improved. Use of a silane coupling agent, viz., bis-(3-triethoxysilylpropyl)-tetra sulfide, in the reactive sol-gel system during in situ silica generation brings in remarkable effect in silica distribution, rubber-filler interaction and mechanical properties of the composites. TEM micrographs of the selected composites reveal that silica is mostly grown at the interfacial region, when silane is used in particular. This results in further enhancement in mechanical properties and compatibility of the blend at the same silica content as evident from stress-strain and dynamic mechanical analysis studies. The reinforcement of effect in situ silica is assessed by Guth-Gold equation and modified form of Guth equation (with shape factor f = 2.53). The results are supported by the detailed studies on rheological, morphological, mechanical and viscoelastic properties of the composites. Graphical AbstractKeywords Rubber blend Á Sol-gel method Á In situ silica Á Rubber-filler interaction Á Silane treatment Á Reinforcement

show abstract

“…Change of such materials into fillers introduces low‐cost fillers and a solution to disposing of waste from different industries. [ 4 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication and characterization of gamma‐irradiated nanomarble/acrylonitrile and styrene butadiene rubber nanocomposites

Fathy

Awad

Elnaggar

2022

Polymer Engineering & Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A comparative study on two nanocomposites based namely on acrylonitrilebutadiene (NBR) and styrene-butadiene (SBR) synthetic rubbers, reinforced by varying ratios of waste nanomarble particles (WM) was carried out. Silane which served as coupling agent was applied in treating waste marble (TWM) and the characters of the prepared nanocomposites before and after treatments were examined. Nanocomposites were fabricated using a laboratory roll mill and pressed under heat, then irradiated with gamma-rays at 100 kGy. Filler characterization, using the techniques transmission electron microscopy (TEM), FTIR spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were discussed. TEM micrographs revealed that though untreated WM particles were within the nanometer scale, however showed incremental reduction in size via silane treatment. Mechanical parameters, thermal stability, FTIR and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of the advanced NBR and SBR nanocomposites have been studied. Filler loading with 5 wt% led to remarked improvement in the tensile strength (TS), modulus of elasticity (M 100 ), and tearing strength of the NBR nanocomposite samples. Meanwhile, elongation at break of SBR nanocomposites exhibited regressive behavior. Thermal stability testing of pristine NBR and SBR specimens demonstrated adverse features by compounding with untreated and treated waste nanomarble. Furthermore, gamma irradiated NBR nanocomposites reinforced with TWM indicated appreciable development at all thermogravimetric stages. Whereas, irradiation of SBR nanocomposites with a gamma integral dose of 100 kGy resulted in slight enhancement in thermal stability.

show abstract

Effect of gamma‐irradiation on the physicomechanical properties of synthetic rubber–based silica composites

Cited by 5 publications

References 36 publications

In Situ Zirconia: A Superior Reinforcing Filler for High-Performance Nitrile Rubber Composites

In Situ Zirconia: A Superior Reinforcing Filler for High-Performance Nitrile Rubber Composites

Compatibilization of natural rubber/nitrile rubber blends by sol–gel nano-silica generated by in situ method

Fabrication and characterization of gamma‐irradiated nanomarble/acrylonitrile and styrene butadiene rubber nanocomposites

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About