Effect of Furnace Gas Composition on Characteristics of Supersonic Oxygen Jets in the Converter Steelmaking Process

Yao, Liujie; Zhu, Rong; Tang, Yixing; Wei, Guangsheng; Dong, Kai

doi:10.3390/ma13153353

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(59 reference statements)

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“…Moreover, compared to the jet behaviour at the ambient temperature of 300 K, the low-speed zone of the jet moves away from the nozzle at 1773 K, and the jet can be maintained better because of the slow velocity attenuation. The distribution of jet characteristics obtained in this study is similar to that in the relevant literature [12].…”

Section: Jet Characteristics Along the Nozzle Axissupporting

confidence: 87%

“…The influences of different factors, such as structural forms, process parameters, and boundary conditions on the jet characteristics of an oxygen lance nozzle were studied. The main studies focused on the influences of orifice form, orifice arrangement, ambient temperature, and gas preheating temperature on the jet characteristics [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. Yang et al [15] studied the variations of the supersonic jet characteristics of a swirl nozzle under different ambient and oxygen preheating temperatures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Supersonic jet characteristics of two parameter oxygen lance nozzle

Feng

Xia

Wei

et al. 2021

Ironmaking & Steelmaking

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Increasing the oxygen supply intensity of a converter is the main method of shortening the smelting time. However, the increase in oxygen supply intensity increases the splashing rate of the smelting process. Therefore, balancing these two phenomena is the content of many academic and metallurgical studies. However, the studies on the characteristics of O 2 + CO 2 mixed injection by a dual-parameter oxygen lance nozzle are rare. In this study, the effects of ambient temperature and gas flow rate on the characteristics of 92% O 2 + 8% CO 2 mixed jet were observed through simulations and analysed using Ansys Fluent commercial software. Results show that at 1773 K ambient temperature, the mixing degree of each jet of the new dual-parameter oxygen lance nozzle is lower than that of the conventional oxygen lance nozzle. In addition, the jet independence of the new nozzle is better than that of the conventional nozzle. Under the same distance, the impact area of the jet is large. By increasing the gas supply flow rate of the new dual-parameter oxygen lance nozzle by 5000 Nm 3 /h, the average velocity of the molten pool is increased by ∼9%. Combined with the advantages of CO 2 smelting, the new dual-parameter nozzle can increase the oxygen supply intensity and inhibit splashing.

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Section: Jet Characteristics Along the Nozzle Axissupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supersonic jet characteristics of two parameter oxygen lance nozzle

Feng

Xia

Wei

et al. 2021

Ironmaking & Steelmaking

Self Cite

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“…Doh et al [ 38 ] investigated the postcombustion of oxygen jet by applying a pilot‐scale experiment and mathematical models, while the details of the jet characteristics were not presented and the jet velocity was set as 385 m s −1 , which was different from that of Laval nozzle. The behaviors of supersonic jet under different furnace atmosphere were investigated experimentally and mathematically performed by Yao et al [ 39 ] The results suggested that the combustion can profoundly change the jet characteristics, namely, temperature, velocity, and other parameters, when changing the composition of the furnace gas. In addition, Yu et al [ 40 ] built a 3D CFD model to obtain insight on the characteristics of postcombustion for an electric arc furnace.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Analysis of Postcombustion Effects on the Supersonic Jet Behavior

Zhang,

Wang,

Chen

et al. 2024

steel research int.

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During the top blowing process of the basic oxygen furnace, the oxygen jet may react with CO before it reaches the surface of the molten bath. This combustion reaction affects the dynamic characteristics of the jet, which, in turn, affects its interaction with the bath. In this study, a numerical model is developed to investigate the transient and steady combustion characteristics of the supersonic jet emitted from the top lance. The transient combustion simulation shows that the CO ratio gradually decreases while the CO2 mole fraction increases at the interaction boundary region between jet and ambient due to the chemical reactions. In addition, the jet profile is changed when the postcombustion is introduced. Due to the flame formation and turbulence change at the jet combustion interface, the axial velocity at height of 2 m (x = 73 re) is 89% higher than that of the noncombustion reaction jet flow. In the results, it is demonstrated that the combustion interface is favorable to reduce the jet decay, resulting a higher dynamic pressure before the jet reaches the bath surface. Furthermore, a higher core temperature and lower density are obtained for the combustion jet compared to that of without combustion reaction.

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“…Among others, Rimar et al [ 22 ] proposed an analytical model for volumetric combustion with uniform temperature distribution for analyzing heat and flow processes in a metallurgical furnace. Furthermore, Yan et al [ 23 ] implemented multi-computational fluid dynamics (CFD) ANSYS-Fluent software for modeling supersonic oxygen jets to model furnace gas combustion. They found that temperature, flow velocity, and turbulence intensity were reliably modeled.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Usage of Converter Gas as a Substitute Fuel for a Tunnel Furnace in Steelworks

Musiał

Szwaja

Kurtyka³

et al. 2022

Materials

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Converter gas (BOFG) is a by-product of the steel manufacturing process in steelworks. Its usage as a substitute fuel instead of natural gas for fueling a metallurgical furnace seems to be reasonable due to potential benefits as follows: CO2 emission reduction into the ambient air and savings in purchasing costs of natural gas. Results of theoretical analysis focused on implementing converter gas as a fuel for feeding a tunnel furnace for either steel plate rolling, steel sheet hardening in its real working condition or both, are discussed. The analysis was focused on the combustion chemistry of the converter gas and its potential ecological and economic benefits obtained from converter gas usage to heat up steel in a tunnel furnace. Simulations of combustion were conducted using a skeletal chemical kinetic mechanism by Konnov. The directed relation graph with error propagation aided sensitivity analysis (DRGEPSA) method was used to obtain this skeletal kinetic mechanism. Finally, the model was validated on a real tunnel furnace fueled by natural gas. Regarding exhaust emissions, it was found that nitric oxide (NO) dropped down from 275 to 80 ppm when natural gas was replaced by converter gas. However, carbon dioxide emissions increased more than three times in this case, but there is no possibility of eliminating carbon dioxide from steel manufacturing processes at all. Economic analysis showed savings of 44% in fuel purchase costs when natural gas was replaced by converter gas. Summing up, the potential benefits resulting from substituting natural gas with converter gas led to the conclusion that converter gas is strongly recommended as fuel for a tunnel furnace in the steel manufacturing process. Practical application requires testing gas burners in terms of their efficiency, which should provide the same amount of energy supplied to the furnace when fed with converter gas.

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Effect of Furnace Gas Composition on Characteristics of Supersonic Oxygen Jets in the Converter Steelmaking Process

Cited by 13 publications

References 27 publications

Supersonic jet characteristics of two parameter oxygen lance nozzle

Supersonic jet characteristics of two parameter oxygen lance nozzle

Numerical Analysis of Postcombustion Effects on the Supersonic Jet Behavior

Usage of Converter Gas as a Substitute Fuel for a Tunnel Furnace in Steelworks

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