Effect of Fungus Meripilus giganteus (Pers.) P. Karst. on Occurrence and Development of False Heartwood and Rot in Fagus sylvatica L. Round Wood

Arač, Krunoslav; Orlović, Jelena Kranjec; Diminić, Danko

doi:10.5552/crojfe.2021.885

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 17 publications

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“…For example, damage to beech bark results in air entering the wood cells, which eventually creates a specific white rot [41] that also reduces the technical value of the wood. Injuries to trees in the form of peeled bark can cause the appearance of various wood defects (colour change, frost crack, ring shake, heart shake, buckle, rot), which reduce the value of future roundwood [42][43][44].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Damage to Residual Trees in Thinning of Broadleaf Stand by Mechanised Harvesting System

Ursić

Vusić

Papa

et al. 2022

Forests

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This research was conducted to determine the cause, intensity and location of damage (stem, butt end, root collar, root) and the extent of damage to standing trees during felling and processing by an harvester and timber extraction by a forwarder (cut-to-length system). The research was conducted in the central part of the Republic of Croatia in the Management Unit (MU) “Bjelovarska Bilogora” during the thinning of Subcompartment 14b, area of 18.28 ha, in the stand of hornbeam (Carpino betuli—Quercetum roboris fagetosum Rauš 1975), age 70, and of Subcompartment 14c, area of 9.07 ha, in a stand of common beech (Carici pilosae—Fagetum Oberdorfer 1957) aged 79 years. The thinning intensity was 12.13% in Subcompartment 14b and 13.72% in Subcompartment 14c. Field measurements were carried out on sample plots—the first time in 2017 to determine the intensity and characteristics of the damage to standing trees with regard to the cause of the damage (harvester or forwarder), and the second time in 2018 to determine the overall intensity and features of the damage to standing trees after finishing harvesting operations. For all trees remaining in the stand after the harvesting operations, the following were determined: tree species, diameter at breast height (DBH), the position of the tree in the stand depending on the forest traffic infrastructure, and—if damaged—cause of damage, type of damage, the position of damage on the tree, and dimensions of damage. The intensity of the damage was expressed by the ratio of damaged and undamaged trees, with a detailed analysis of bark damage (squeezed-bark damage and peeled-bark injuries). The results of the research indicate the highest prevalence of peeled-bark injuries. In relation to the total number of standing trees, trees with peeled-bark injuries were more represented in Subcompartment 14c (39%) than in Subcompartment 14b (33%). In Subcompartment 14b, the harvester and the forwarder damaged an equal number of trees, while in Subcompartment 14c, the harvester damaged 59% of the damaged trees. In both subcompartments, an average of 83% of (peeled bark) injuries were up to 1.3 m above the ground. In both subcompartments, the most common (67%) were injuries up to 100 cm2 in size, for which many authors claim the tree can heal by itself. Given the increasing use of harvester-forwarder systems in deciduous stands and research results that indicate possible damage to standing trees, it is necessary to pay attention to all phases of planning and execution of timber harvesting operations, thus minimising negative effects.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Damage to Residual Trees in Thinning of Broadleaf Stand by Mechanised Harvesting System

Ursić

Vusić

Papa

et al. 2022

Forests

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Tree and stand characteristics associated with the occurrence of false heartwood in individual Japanese white birch trees

Nakaya,

Osaki,

Ohno

et al. 2024

Can. J. For. Res.

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New wood uses of Japanese white birch (Betula platyphylla var. japonica) have attracted much attention in recent years, but false heartwood has led to a decline in commercial value due to its irregular wood color. In this study, we assessed the occurrence of false heartwood and its proportion to stem cross-sectional area (PFH) in individual Japanese white birch (482 trees) in a ca. 70-year-old natural secondary forest. Specifically, we investigated the relative strength of the direct/indirect effects of individual size (BA), growth rate (GR), crown ratio (CR), number of branch scars (NBS), basal area sum of neighboring trees (BAS) and topographic wetness index (TWI) on PFH. In total, 80.3% of trees had false heartwood. CR was found to be the most important factor, acting through direct and indirect negative effects. BA and NBS had a positive effect, and TWI had a negative effect on PFH. BA had a positive correlation with tree age, indicating that PFH can be reduced in trees with faster growth. Simultaneously, BAS had an indirect positive effect on PFH. These results suggested that thinning, which reduces BAS and increases CR, can reduce false heartwood.

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Chemical changes of polysaccharides in heat-treated European beech wood

Gašparík,

Zeidler,

Výbohová

et al. 2024

J Wood Sci

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This work deals with the influence of different heat treatment temperatures (140, 150, 160, 170, 180, 190, 200, and 210 °C) on changes in sapwood and red heartwood of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.). According to the results of wet chemistry methods, HPLC (high-performance liquid chromatography), FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy), SEC (size exclusion chromatography), the wood constituents in sapwood and red heartwood behaved similarly to heat treatment, but the individual proportions were different. The loss of hemicelluloses and the increase in extractives with increasing temperature were more pronounced in sapwood. The amount of cellulose in sapwood and red heartwood showed similar behaviour with increasing temperature. Thermal treatment causes changes in cellulose crystallinity, and the formation of aromatic structures, mainly in beech sapwood. However, the increase in the lignin content of red heartwood was significantly lower than that of sapwood due to its auto condensation, and formation of pseudo-lignin. Among the carbohydrates, the most significant changes were observed in xylose content, which was almost twice as high in red heartwood as in sapwood. Other carbohydrates (glucose, mannose, galactose, and arabinose) reached similar values in sapwood and red heartwood.

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Effect of Fungus Meripilus giganteus (Pers.) P. Karst. on Occurrence and Development of False Heartwood and Rot in Fagus sylvatica L. Round Wood

Cited by 4 publications

References 17 publications

Damage to Residual Trees in Thinning of Broadleaf Stand by Mechanised Harvesting System

Damage to Residual Trees in Thinning of Broadleaf Stand by Mechanised Harvesting System

Tree and stand characteristics associated with the occurrence of false heartwood in individual Japanese white birch trees

Chemical changes of polysaccharides in heat-treated European beech wood

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