Effect of Fungicide on Pollen Foraging by Honeybees (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Cranberry Differs by Fungicide Type

Jaffe, Benjamin D; Lois, Abby N.; Guédot, Christelle

doi:10.1093/jee/toy353

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…This interaction has also been shown for in-hive acaracides, including coumaphos 62 , which was found in 100% of our wax samples, at up to 728.2 ppb. Triazole fungicides can also lower the amount of pollen collected by honey bees from cranberry after application 63 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pesticide risk to managed bees during blueberry pollination is primarily driven by off-farm exposures

Graham

Milbrath

Zhang

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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When managed bee colonies are brought to farms for crop pollination, they can be exposed to pesticide residues. Quantifying the risk posed by these exposures can indicate which pesticides are of the greatest concern and helps focus efforts to reduce the most harmful exposures. To estimate the risk from pesticides to bees while they are pollinating blueberry fields, we sampled blueberry flowers, foraging bees, pollen collected by returning honey bee and bumble bee foragers at colonies, and wax from honey bee hives in blooming blueberry farms in southwest Michigan. We screened the samples for 261 active ingredients using a modified QuEChERS method. The most abundant pesticides were those applied by blueberry growers during blueberry bloom (e.g., fenbuconazole and methoxyfenozide). However, we also detected highly toxic pesticides not used in this crop during bloom (or other times of the season) including the insecticides chlorpyrifos, clothianidin, avermectin, thiamethoxam, and imidacloprid. Using LD50 values for contact and oral exposure to honey bees and bumble bees, we calculated the Risk Quotient (RQ) for each individual pesticide and the average sample RQ for each farm. RQ values were considered in relation to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency acute contact level of concern (LOC, 0.4), the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) acute contact LOC (0.2) and the EFSA chronic oral LOC (0.03). Pollen samples were most likely to exceed LOC values, with the percent of samples above EFSA’s chronic oral LOC being 0% for flowers, 3.4% for whole honey bees, 0% for whole bumble bees, 72.4% for honey bee pollen in 2018, 45.4% of honey bee pollen in 2019, 46.7% of bumble bee pollen in 2019, and 3.5% of honey bee wax samples. Average pollen sample RQ values were above the EFSA chronic LOC in 92.9% of farms in 2018 and 42.9% of farms in 2019 for honey bee collected pollen, and 46.7% of farms for bumble bee collected pollen in 2019. Landscape analyses indicated that sample RQ was positively correlated with the abundance of apple and cherry orchards located within the flight range of the bees, though this varied between bee species and landscape scale. There was no correlation with abundance of blueberry production. Our results highlight the need to mitigate pesticide risk to bees across agricultural landscapes, in addition to focusing on the impact of applications on the farms where they are applied.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pesticide risk to managed bees during blueberry pollination is primarily driven by off-farm exposures

Graham

Milbrath

Zhang

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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“…Yet, field experiments still report observations of pesticides deterring pollinators. For instance, fungicide application during cranberry bloom dramatically increased honeybee foraging on non‐crop pollens (Jaffe, Lois, & Guedot, 2019). Disentangling preference in social bees is further complicated by behavioural regulation and feedbacks that occur at the colony level (Dolezal, Carrillo‐Tripp, Miller, Bonning, & Toth, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do pollinators prefer pesticide‐free plants? An experimental test with monarchs and milkweeds

Olaya-Arenas

Scharf

Kaplan

2020

Journal of Applied Ecology

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“…Theoretically, fungicides should not target insects, however, direct exposure [ 29 , 30 ] and indirect contact [ 31 ] have been shown to affect bees. Herein, we studied the effect of Indar TM 5EW, Dow AgroSciences Italia S.R.L.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Display Can Buffer the Effect of Pesticides on Solitary Bees

Boff

Raizer

Lupi

2020

Insects

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Environmental quality (e.g., diversity of resource availability, nesting sites, environmental display) plays an important role in an animal’s life. While homogeneous environments can restrict organisms from developing activities such as food seeking (behavioral impairment), more complex environments allow animals to perform activities with learning and behavioral perfecting outcomes. Pesticides are known to affect the learning and foraging behaviors of bees; however, little is known about the counterbalance displayed by the environment. Herein, we conducted two experiments that simulated distinct environmental displays, in which the effects of a fungicide (IndarTM 5EW-febunconazole) on solitary bee foraging activities were tested. We found that the fungicide only impaired the activities of bees in one of the studied environments. The difference in visitation rates and flower exploitation of bees between the two different environmental displays led to changes in metrics of bee–flower networks across environments. Linkage density, a metric associated with pollination efficiency that is known to be impacted by different environments, differed across environments. Our results showed that ecological interaction network metrics can differ regarding the different environmental displays. This study indicates that environmental complexity helps balance the negative effects of pesticides on solitary bees and highlights the potential use of solitary bees as model organisms for experimental simulations of environmental change.

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Effect of Fungicide on Pollen Foraging by Honeybees (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Cranberry Differs by Fungicide Type

Cited by 15 publications

References 37 publications

Pesticide risk to managed bees during blueberry pollination is primarily driven by off-farm exposures

Pesticide risk to managed bees during blueberry pollination is primarily driven by off-farm exposures

Do pollinators prefer pesticide‐free plants? An experimental test with monarchs and milkweeds

Environmental Display Can Buffer the Effect of Pesticides on Solitary Bees

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