Effect of functionality of cross-linker on sulphonated polysulfone cation exchange membranes for electrodialysis

Zhu, Jiajie; Liao, Junbin; Jin, Wei; Luo, Bin; Shen, Pengxin; Sotto, Arcadio; Shen, Jiangnan; Gao, Congjie

doi:10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2019.02.006

Cited by 21 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…IEC, WU, and LER of the prepared membranes were strongly affected by AgNPs at room temperature. It was observed that the IEC of AgNP-loaded CEMs strongly decreased compared to that of the primary sample (Figure ), which was likely due to the formation of AgNPs and the addition of cross-linking agents. , Moreover, both WU and LER significantly decreased after cross-linking as shown in Figure . Besides, the WU and LER of AgNP-loaded CEMs increased compared to that of 60SPSF-C3# due to the presence of AgNPs, which promoted changes in the internal humidification.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tensile strength and elongation at break of membrane samples (2 × 6 cm 2 ) were determined by automatic mechanical analyzer (CTM2050). 47 4.3.3. Ion-Exchange Capacity (IEC).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ultimately, the parameters of the samples (both weight and sizes in wet and dry conditions) were recorded. WU and LER were measured from eqs 2 and 3(47)where W wet and W dry are the weight of the samples in wet and dry conditions, respectively. L wet and L dry are the average length of the samples in wet and dry conditions, respectively; L wet1 , L wet2 and L dry1 , L dry2 are the lengths and widths of the samples in wet and dry conditions, respectively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The testing CEM’s valid area was 19.625 cm 2 , and the applied current was 0.3A (15 mA cm –2 ). The NaCl removal ratio (%), current efficiency (CE, %), and energy consumption (EC, kWh kg –1 ) of ED with CEMs were measured from eqs 6 to 8(47)where δ 0 and C 0 are the content and concentration in dilute cell (0.5 M NaCl in this experiment), respectively; δ t , C t , and V t are the content, concentration, and volume in dilute cell at time t , respectively; I is the operating current value and U represents the voltage of the ED stack; Z , F , and N represent the absolute valence of Na + , Faraday constant, and number of repeating units ( N = 1), respectively. Besides, M b is the molecular weight of NaCl.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Three-Dimensional Stable Cation-Exchange Membrane with Enhanced Mechanical, Electrochemical, and Antibacterial Performance by in Situ Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles

et al. 2019

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In this study, a simple and facile approach was proposed to synthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) loaded cation-exchange membranes (CEMs). A wide analytical study involving scanning electronic microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was accomplished to corroborate that the in situ generated AgNPs were uniformly dispersed in the polymer matrix. In addition, as a result of the proposed synthesis strategy, the cross-linking structure inside the membrane was formed. The proper particle size and dispersibility of the AgNPs improved the mechanical properties of the membranes. Besides, the optimal AgNP-loaded CEM exhibited excellent bacterial killing activities against Gram-negative bacteria and showed a controlled improvement in the electrochemical performance of the prepared membranes. These effects were caused by the obtained distribution of AgNPs near ion-exchange groups that increased the aggregation of water molecules around them, improving the efficiency of ion transport due the formation of array broad ion-transport channels. The optimized CEM [sulfonated polysulfone (60SPSF)-C3#-Ag-2] exhibited an enhanced NaCl removal ratio of 67.5% with a high current efficiency (96.9%) and a low energy consumption (5.84 kWh kg–1). The distance of the inhibition zone from the boundary of the membrane of SPSF-C3#-Ag-2 reached 4.8 mm. These results led us to suggest that the proposed synthesis strategy may have potential applications in the field of antibacterial and desalting ion-exchange membranes.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tensile strength and elongation at break of membrane samples (2 × 6 cm 2 ) were determined by automatic mechanical analyzer (CTM2050). 47 4.3.3. Ion-Exchange Capacity (IEC).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Three-Dimensional Stable Cation-Exchange Membrane with Enhanced Mechanical, Electrochemical, and Antibacterial Performance by in Situ Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles

et al. 2019

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“…Among them, the polymer framework and matrix material of the AEM are crucial to the performance and service life of the fuel cell. Therefore, heteroaromatic ring polymers have been widely used as AEM materials due to their good thermal properties, mechanical stability and alkali resistance, such as polysulfone (PSU), [ 12–16 ] poly(2,6‐dimethyl‐1,4‐phenylene oxide) (PPO), [ 17–22 ] poly(arylene ether sulfone), [ 23–25 ] and poly(ether‐ether)ketone (PEEK). [ 26–32 ] Commonly, the OH – conducting functional group involves functionalized quaternary ammonium, [ 33–38 ] imidazolium, [ 39–43 ] guanidium, [ 44–51 ] phosphonium, [ 52–56 ] or sulphonium.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of Branch Polyethyleneimine (BPEI) Crosslinked Anion Exchange Membrane Based on Poly(styrene‐b‐(ethylene‐co‐butylene)‐b‐styrene) (SEBS)

Xiao

Zhang

Dong

et al. 2021

Macro Materials & Eng

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Anion exchange membranes with chemical stability, high conductivity, and high mechanical properties play an important role in alkaline fuel cells. Here, a series of CPX anion exchange membranes based on poly(styrene‐b‐(ethylene‐co‐butylene)‐b‐styrene) (SEBS) and branch polyethyleneimine (BPEI) are achieved by casting, in which BPEI acts as both a crosslinking agent and an OH− conducting functional group. The introduction of BPEI facilitates the formation of good hydrophilic/hydrophobic microphase separation structure, thus improving the ion transport channel of CPX membrane. The physicochemical and electrochemical properties of the CPX membrane are significantly improved when the mass ratio of SEBS to BPEI is within an appropriate range. The OH− conductivity of the CP2 membrane (the mass ratio of SEBS to BPEI is 2) can reach 66.63 mS cm−1 at 80 °C, and more than 80% initial OH− conductivity is maintained in 1.0 m NaOH solution for 20 d at 60 °C. The strategy of using a polymer with excellent alkali resistance and oxidation resistance as the main body and introducing a conductive group that can construct microphase separation can simultaneously improve the conductivity and membrane stability. This viable strategy is a promising construction method for anion exchange membranes that can be applied to fuel cells.

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Recent Advances in the Development of Sustainable Composite Materials used as Membranes in Microbial Fuel Cells

James,

Velayudhaperumal Chellam

2023

The Chemical Record

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MFC can have dual functions; they can generate electricity from industrial and domestic effluents while purifying wastewater. Most MFC designs comprise a membrane which physically separates the cathode and anode compartments while keeping them electrically connected, playing a significant role in its efficiency. Popular commercial membranes such as Nafion, Hyflon and Zifron have excellent ionic conductivity, but have several drawbacks, mainly their prohibitive cost and non‐biodegradability, preventing the large‐scale application of MFC. Fabrication of composite materials that can function better at a much lower cost while also being environment‐friendly has been the endeavor of few researchers over the past years. The current review aims to apprise readers of the latest trends of the past decade in fabricating composite membranes (CM) for MFC. For emphasis on environmental‐friendly CM, the review begins with biopolymers, moving on to the carbon‐polymer, polymer‐polymer, and metal‐polymer CM. Lastly, critical analysis towards technology‐oriented propositions and realistic future directives in terms of strengths, weakness, opportunities, challenges (SWOC analysis) of the application of CM in MFC have been discussed for their possible large‐scale use. The focus of this review is the development of hybrid materials as membranes for fuel cells, while underscoring the need for environment‐friendly composites and processes.

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Effect of functionality of cross-linker on sulphonated polysulfone cation exchange membranes for electrodialysis

Cited by 21 publications

References 54 publications

Three-Dimensional Stable Cation-Exchange Membrane with Enhanced Mechanical, Electrochemical, and Antibacterial Performance by in Situ Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles

Three-Dimensional Stable Cation-Exchange Membrane with Enhanced Mechanical, Electrochemical, and Antibacterial Performance by in Situ Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles

Preparation of Branch Polyethyleneimine (BPEI) Crosslinked Anion Exchange Membrane Based on Poly(styrene‐b‐(ethylene‐co‐butylene)‐b‐styrene) (SEBS)

Recent Advances in the Development of Sustainable Composite Materials used as Membranes in Microbial Fuel Cells

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