Effect of freshwater microalgae &lt;i&gt;Nannochloropsis limnetica&lt;/i&gt; on the rumen fermentation &lt;i&gt;in vitro&lt;/i&gt;

Marrez, Diaa A.; Cieślak, Adam; Gawad, R.; Ebeid, H. M.; Chrenková, M.; Gao, Min; Yanza, Yulianri Rizki; El-Sherbiny, Mohamed; Szumacher-Strabel, M.

doi:10.22358/jafs/81275/2017

Cited by 17 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Our results are in line with the studies of Marrez et al . 21 , which found that total bacteria count was only negatively affected when more than 4% of dried Nannochloropsis limnetica was incubated with rumen fluid in vitro .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nannochloropsis oceanica, a novel natural source of rumen-protected eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) for ruminants

Alves

Mendonça²,

Silva³

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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We hypothesize that whole microalga biomass is a natural rumen-protected source of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n-3) for ruminants. To test our hypothesis, we studied the ruminal biohydrogenation of EPA from two microalgae, Nannochloropsis oceanica and Phaeodactylum tricornutum using in vitro incubations with rumen fluid. A total mixed ration was incubated with: no EPA (control), EPA as free-fatty acid, N. oceanica spray-dried (SD), N. oceanica freeze-dried (FD), or P. tricornutum FD. The kinetics of EPA disappearance and of products formed during the 24 hours of incubation were evaluated, and complemented by deuterated-EPA incubation. Results showed that EPA metabolism from the N. oceanica was remarkably reduced compared with the P. tricornutum and free-EPA, and this reduction was even more effective with the N. oceanica FD. Our data also indicates that neither feed dry matter disappearance nor rumen microbial markers (branched-chain fatty acids and dimethyl acetals) were affected by EPA-sources. We reported for the first time the kinetics of EPA biohydrogenation class products and the unequivocal formation of 20:0 from EPA. Overall, N. oceanica shows a strong potential to be used as a natural dietary source of EPA to ruminants, nevertheless further studies are needed to verify its protection in vivo.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nannochloropsis oceanica, a novel natural source of rumen-protected eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) for ruminants

Alves

Mendonça²,

Silva³

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

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“…In vitro evaluation of feeds is a technique that can be used for predicting feed quality (Elghandour et al, 2014(Elghandour et al, , 2016b. Before the administration of C. vulgaris in the diet of animals, it should be preliminarily assessed for its nutritive value and effects on in vitro ruminal fermentation (Marrez et al, 2017). Lodge-Ivey et al 2014 non-disrupted microalgae, using rumen batch culture system, and observed that dry matter (DM) digestibility of C. vulgaris was 76%.…”

Section: In Vitro Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chlorella vulgaris microalgae in Ruminant Nutrition: a Review of the Chemical Composition and Nutritive Value

Kholif

Olafadehan

2021

Annals of Animal Science

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Recently, microalgae, natural marine resources, have gained increasing interests as a feed for animals. Chlorella vulgaris microalgae are single-cell microorganisms that have been used to provide nutrition to humans and animals for centuries. In the present review, we unveil the composition and nutritive value of C. vulgaris microalgae as a feed for ruminants. Research has shown that inclusion of C. vulgaris microalgae in diets improved feed utilization, milk production and quality, growth performance, and meat quality in ruminants, as a result of improved diet nutritive value leading to improved feed utilization. Very low doses of C. vulgaris in feed enhance growth and lactational performance of ruminants. Additionally, C. vulgaris showed very promising results as an alternative to corn and soybean meal; however, it is an expensive protein feed. Therefore, the main constraint to use of C. vulgaris as a feedstuff is its high cost of production, making improvement of cultivation technology to reduce the production costs a critical issue in the near future.

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“…Owing to the excellent antimicrobial activities of phytochemicals, they are considered as a potential modulator of the rumen microbiome to alter rumen physiology (29). Many experiments, including both in vitro and in vivo studies, have been conducted to explore the potential of phytochemicals on rumen fermentation to increase feed digestibility and reduce methanogenesis (30)(31)(32). Many of them have shown promising results, but applicability in terms of efficient animal production is questionable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytogenic Additives Can Modulate Rumen Microbiome to Mediate Fermentation Kinetics and Methanogenesis Through Exploiting Diet–Microbe Interaction

et al. 2020

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Ruminants inhabit the consortia of gut microbes that play a critical functional role in their maintenance and nourishment by enabling them to use cellulosic and non-cellulosic feed material. These gut microbes perform major physiological activities, including digestion and metabolism of dietary components, to derive energy to meet major protein (65–85%) and energy (ca 80%) requirements of the host. Owing to their contribution to digestive physiology, rumen microbes are considered one of the crucial factors affecting feed conversion efficiency in ruminants. Any change in the rumen microbiome has an imperative effect on animal physiology. Ruminal microbes are fundamentally anaerobic and produce various compounds during rumen fermentation, which are directly used by the host or other microbes. Methane (CH 4 ) is produced by methanogens through utilizing metabolic hydrogen during rumen fermentation. Maximizing the flow of metabolic hydrogen in the rumen away from CH 4 and toward volatile fatty acids (VFA) would increase the efficiency of ruminant production and decrease its environmental impact. Understanding of microbial diversity and rumen dynamics is not only crucial for the optimization of host efficiency but also required to mediate emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs) from ruminants. There are various strategies to modulate the rumen microbiome, mainly including dietary interventions and the use of different feed additives. Phytogenic feed additives, mainly plant secondary compounds, have been shown to modulate rumen microflora and change rumen fermentation dynamics leading to enhanced animal performance. Many in vitro and in vivo studies aimed to evaluate the use of plant secondary metabolites in ruminants have been conducted using different plants or their extract or essential oils. This review specifically aims to provide insights into dietary interactions of rumen microbes and their subsequent consequences on rumen fermentation. Moreover, a comprehensive overview of the modulation of rumen microbiome by using phytogenic compounds (essential oils, saponins, and tannins) for manipulating rumen dynamics to mediate CH 4 emanation from livestock is presented. We have also discussed the pros and cons of each strategy along with future prospective of dietary modulation of rumen microbiome to improve the performance of ruminants while decreasing GHG emissions.

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Effect of freshwater microalgae <i>Nannochloropsis limnetica</i> on the rumen fermentation <i>in vitro</i>

Cited by 17 publications

References 17 publications

Nannochloropsis oceanica, a novel natural source of rumen-protected eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) for ruminants

Nannochloropsis oceanica, a novel natural source of rumen-protected eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) for ruminants

Chlorella vulgaris microalgae in Ruminant Nutrition: a Review of the Chemical Composition and Nutritive Value

Phytogenic Additives Can Modulate Rumen Microbiome to Mediate Fermentation Kinetics and Methanogenesis Through Exploiting Diet–Microbe Interaction

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