2012
DOI: 10.1089/bfm.2011.0079
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Effect of Freezing Time on Macronutrients and Energy Content of Breastmilk

Abstract: Background: In neonatal units and human milk banks freezing breastmilk at less than -20°C is the choice for preserving it. Scientific evidence in relation to the loss of nutritional quality during freezing is rare. Our main aim in this study is to determine the effect of freezing time up to 3 months on the content of fat, total nitrogen, lactose, and energy. Our secondary aim is to assess whether ultrasonic homogenization of samples enables a more suitable reading of breastmilk macronutrients with a human milk… Show more

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Cited by 127 publications
(109 citation statements)
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References 30 publications
(42 reference statements)
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“…They were then analyzed using the Human Milk Analyzer from Miris, an instrument based on mid-infrared transmission spectroscopy, [13][14][15] which provides results with repeatability values of o0.05%. 16 …”
Section: Laboratory Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…They were then analyzed using the Human Milk Analyzer from Miris, an instrument based on mid-infrared transmission spectroscopy, [13][14][15] which provides results with repeatability values of o0.05%. 16 …”
Section: Laboratory Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The Human Milk Analyzer (HMA), produced by MIRIS, represents new opportunities for the study of human milk composition (García-Lara et al, 2012;Menjo et al, 2009). The machine uses infrared transmission spectroscopy to measure the macronutrients in milk against a known reference library included with the machine.…”
Section: New Field-friendly Techniquesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…21 -25 Bioactive components of human milk, including lactoferrin and immunoglobulins, are substantially decreased by pasteurization, but there is much less effect on macro-or micronutrients, including vitamins. 22,23 Overall, the benefits of improved feeding tolerance and clinical outcomes support the concept that some nutrient losses of bioactive components should not limit the use of donor human milk or preclude its pasteurization before use. Donor human milk may have a lower protein and energy content than the milk of mothers of preterm infants, in addition to lost bile salt-dependent lipase activity, which may affect fortification strategies and growth.…”
Section: Loss Of Nutrients and Antiinfl Ammatory Propertiesmentioning
confidence: 91%