Effect of freezing and thawing on microbial activity and glyphosate degradation in two Norwegian soils

Stenrød, Marianne; Eklo, Ole Martin; Charnay, Marie-Paule; Benoît, Pierre

doi:10.1002/ps.1107

Cited by 36 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…In winter, Andersson and Hartikainen (2007) observed in their simulation studies herbicide degradation at −5°C, but at a significantly slower rate compared with that obtained at +5°C. The calculated half-life of glyphosate in Norwegian soil at temperatures varying between −5°C and +5°C was between 15 and 28 months (Stenrød et al 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Glyphosate and phosphorus leaching and residues in boreal sandy soil

et al. 2009

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Glyphosate [(N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine)] is a widely used herbicide and it is known to compete for the same sorption sites in soil as phosphorus. Persistence and losses of glyphosate were monitored in a field with low phosphorus status and possible correlation between glyphosate and phosphorus leaching losses was studied. Glyphosate and its metabolite AMPA (aminomethyl phosphonic acid) residues in soil samples were analysed after a single application in autumn. Twenty months after the application the residues of glyphosate and AMPA in the topsoil (0-25 cm) corresponded to 19% and 48%, respectively, of the applied amount of glyphosate, and traces of glyphosate and AMPA residues were detected in deeper soil layers (below 35 cm). These results indicate rather long persistence for glyphosate in boreal soils. Surface runoff and subsurface drainflow were collected continuously all year round for 20 months and analysed for glyphosate, AMPA, dissolved phosphate, total phosphorus and total suspended solids.The glyphosate concentrations in the surface runoff water were highest, with 99% of the total leaching losses obtained, during the periods of snow melting and soil thawing in the first winter following the autumn application. The total leaching of glyphosate was 5.12 g ha −1 and that of AMPA 0.48 g ha −1 , corresponding to about 0.51% and 0.07%, respectively, of the applied amount of glyphosate. No residues of glyphosate and AMPA were detected in the subsurface drainflow. The correlations between concentrations of glyphosate and dissolved orthophosphate as well as glyphosate and total phosphorus in surface runoff were significant (p<0.01).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Climatic factors, such as temperature and moisture, are crucial in terms of microbial activity (e.g. Insam 1990) and, consequently, glyphosate degradation (Heinonen-Tanski 1989;Stenrød et al 2005).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Glyphosate and phosphorus leaching and residues in boreal sandy soil

et al. 2009

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“…Based on the LTER soil temperature data and data from other current studies in interior and southcentral Alaska (Cole et al, unpublished data), soil temperatures at 15 cm may be above 10°C for 2 to 3 months, but this is highly variable from yearto-year and strongly dependent on the amount of organic matter covering the soil. Fahnestock et al (1999), Stenrod et al (2005), and Jarvis et al (2006) have reported losses of carbon under arctic tundra ecosystems and of herbicides in rail ballast while soils were frozen or near freezing. In view of the air temperature at Windy Bay seldom exceeding a daily mean of 11°C, the soil probably seldom reached that level.…”

Section: Soilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissipation of four forest-use herbicides at high latitudes

Newton¹,

Cole²,

Tinsley³

2008

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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“…Longterm effects are much less documented. Cold climatic conditions prolong the persistence of pesticides in countries like Norway, whilst freezing and thawing events make the leaching and biodegradation of the pesticides much more unpredictable than in more stable climates (Rotich et al, 2004;Stenrød et al, 2005Stenrød et al, , 2007. This may result in effects on earthworm populations that are not considered in the pesticide approval procedure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil structure, organic matter and earthworm activity in a comparison of cropping systems with contrasting tillage, rotations, fertilizer levels and manure use

Riley

Pommeresche

Eltun

et al. 2008

Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment

164

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In order to assess long-term effects on productivity, environmental impacts and soil fertility of contrasting farming practices, six cropping systems, ranging from conventional arable without livestock to organic mixed dairy farming with few arable crops, have been compared since 1989 on a loam soil. A decline in soil structure quality was found in a conventional arable system with annual ploughing with no rotational grass. This system had higher bulk density and mean aggregate size than other systems, and lower levels of plant available water and aggregate stability. Opposite trends were related to the proportion of grass leys in the other systems and to their levels of soil organic matter. The latter declined markedly over 15 years in the conventional arable system, and there were smaller declines in most other systems. In an arable system without ploughing, but with rotary tillage in spring, organic matter was maintained and high structural stability was found. This system had high bulk density, but the proportion of small aggregates equalled that found in systems with ley. There were overall increases in earthworm density (84%), earthworm biomass (80%) and the density of earthworm channels (132%) in the topsoil between 1994 and 2004. Most of these increases were found in systems with 1-3 years of ley in the 4-year rotation. Low values of all earthworm parameters, and only minor changes over the period studied, were found in two non-organic arable systems without ley, indicating high pressure on soil fauna. Lower earthworm activity was found in the non-organic arable system with reduced tillage as compared to the non-organic arable system with annual ploughing. Thus, 50% leys in the rotation appeared desirable for the maintenance of satisfactory soil structure and earthworm activity. Though the deterioration of soil structure in the conventional arable system was not extreme, as the soil was well structured initially, the results may have implications for the sustainability of stockless arable systems on soils with a less favourable initial structure. #

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Effect of freezing and thawing on microbial activity and glyphosate degradation in two Norwegian soils

Cited by 36 publications

References 32 publications

Glyphosate and phosphorus leaching and residues in boreal sandy soil

Glyphosate and phosphorus leaching and residues in boreal sandy soil

Dissipation of four forest-use herbicides at high latitudes

Soil structure, organic matter and earthworm activity in a comparison of cropping systems with contrasting tillage, rotations, fertilizer levels and manure use

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