Effect of foot orthoses on the medial longitudinal arch in children with flexible flatfoot deformity: A three-dimensional moment analysis

Jafarnezhadgero, Amir Ali; Shad, Morteza Madadi; Majlesi, Mahdi

doi:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2017.04.011

Cited by 43 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…A number of studies have examined foot kinematics and kinetics after orthosis use [14][15][16]18,48]. Regarding the joint angles, the foot orthosis significantly reduced the peak hindfoot eversion by 3.8 • (p = 0.001, ES = 1.468), which was consistent with previous studies using a medial forefoot or medial full-length insole [49,50].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…Foot orthoses can improve stability and facilitate pain relief by modifying lower limb alignment [13][14][15][16][17][18]. A recent review conducted by Desmyttere, Hajizadeh, Bleau and Begon [18] examined the influence of the orthosis design on the kinematics of the lower extremity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hsu et al [19] adopted a medial posting insole in the forefoot and rearfoot and found that the foot orthosis significantly increased the knee internal abduction moment and reduced the ankle inversion moment and hip abduction moment. Regardless, previous studies have evaluated the biomechanics of foot orthoses for flatfoot by joint angles or moments [14][15][16]18,19], whereas the joint contact force represents a more direct parameter used to reveal the mechanism of secondary knee joint problems, such as pain and cartilage wear [20]. However, measurement in vivo was difficult owing to the invasiveness.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Immediate Effects of Medially Posted Insoles on Lower Limb Joint Contact Forces in Adult Acquired Flatfoot: A Pilot Study

Peng

Wong

Yan

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Flatfoot is linked to secondary lower limb joint problems, such as patellofemoral pain. This study aimed to investigate the influence of medial posting insoles on the joint mechanics of the lower extremity in adults with flatfoot. Gait analysis was performed on fifteen young adults with flatfoot under two conditions: walking with shoes and foot orthoses (WSFO), and walking with shoes (WS) in random order. The data collected by a vicon system were used to drive the musculoskeletal model to estimate the hip, patellofemoral, ankle, medial and lateral tibiofemoral joint contact forces. The joint contact forces in WSFO and WS conditions were compared. Compared to the WS group, the second peak patellofemoral contact force (p < 0.05) and the peak ankle contact force (p < 0.05) were significantly lower in the WSFO group by 10.2% and 6.8%, respectively. The foot orthosis significantly reduced the peak ankle eversion angle (p < 0.05) and ankle eversion moment (p < 0.05); however, the peak knee adduction moment increased (p < 0.05). The reduction in the patellofemoral joint force and ankle contact force could potentially inhibit flatfoot-induced lower limb joint problems, despite a greater knee adduction moment.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Immediate Effects of Medially Posted Insoles on Lower Limb Joint Contact Forces in Adult Acquired Flatfoot: A Pilot Study

Peng

Wong

Yan

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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“…In terms of the acute effects of FO treatment versus a sham condition, Tang et al (2015) reported that the application of orthoses produced lower frontal plane rearfoot motion and plantar pressure in adult patients with flexible FF [ 47 ]. Furthermore, Jafarnezhadgero et al (2017) observed significantly lower peak ankle evertor moment due to FOs treatment compared to a sham condition in boys with flexible FF [ 48 ]. A previously conducted study that examined the acute effects of FO treatment versus a sham condition in young men with pronated feet did not show any significant effects on hind-foot eversion during walking and running [ 49 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The long-term use of foot orthoses affects walking kinematics and kinetics of children with flexible flat feet: A randomized controlled trial

et al. 2018

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BackgroundDue to inconclusive evidence on the effects of foot orthoses treatment on lower limb kinematics and kinetics in children, studies are needed that particularly evaluate the long-term use of foot orthoses on lower limb alignment during walking. Thus, the main objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of long-term treatment with arch support foot orthoses versus a sham condition on lower extremity kinematics and kinetics during walking in children with flexible flat feet.MethodsThirty boys aged 8–12 years with flexible flat feet participated in this study. While the experimental group (n = 15) used medial arch support foot orthoses during everyday activities over a period of four months, the control group (n = 15) received flat 2-mm-thick insoles (i.e., sham condition) for the same time period. Before and after the intervention period, walking kinematics and ground reaction forces were collected.ResultsSignificant group by time interactions were observed during walking at preferred gait speed for maximum ankle eversion, maximum ankle internal rotation angle, minimum knee abduction angle, maximum knee abduction angle, maximum knee external rotation angle, maximum knee internal rotation angle, maximum hip extension angle, and maximum hip external rotation angle in favor of the foot orthoses group. In addition, statistically significant group by time interactions were detected for maximum posterior, and vertical ground reaction forces in favor of the foot orthoses group.ConclusionsThe long-term use of arch support foot orthoses proved to be feasible and effective in boys with flexible flat feet to improve lower limb alignment during walking.

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“…Exclusion criteria were signs of joints diseases, diseases of bones, ligament injury, neuromuscular dysfunction, diseases of tendon, history of major trauma or surgery of the lower extremities, chronic joint infection, intra articular corticosteroid injection [ 5 ]. All participants were right lower-limb dominant as determined by a kicking ball test [ 18 ]. In addition, kinematic data was used to detect footfall patterns (heel strike pattern instead of mid foot or forefoot strike) during running test trials to match our participants in the two experimental groups not only for limb dominance but also for similar footfall characteristics.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparison of running kinetics in children with and without genu varus: A cross sectional study

et al. 2017

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IntroductionVarus knee alignment has been identified as a risk factor for the progression of medial knee osteoarthritis. However, the underlying mechanisms have not been elucidated yet in children. Thus, the aims of the present study were to examine differences in ground reaction forces, loading rate, impulses, and free moment values during running in children with and without genu varus.MethodsThirty-six boys aged 9–14 volunteered to participate in this study. They were divided in two age-matched groups (genu varus versus healthy controls). Body weight adjusted three dimensional kinetic data (Fx, Fy, Fz) were collected during running at preferred speed using two Kistler force plates for the dominant and non-dominant limb.ResultsIndividuals with knee genu varus produced significantly higher (p = .01; d = 1.09; 95%) body weight adjusted ground reaction forces in the lateral direction (Fx) of the dominant limb compared to controls. On the non-dominant limb, genu varus patients showed significantly higher body weight adjusted ground reaction forces values in the lateral (p = .01; d = 1.08; 86%) and medial (p < .001; d = 1.55; 102%) directions (Fx). Further, genu varus patients demonstrated 55% and 36% greater body weight adjusted loading rates in the dominant (p < .001; d = 2.09) and non-dominant (p < .001; d = 1.02) leg, respectively. No significant between-group differences were observed for adjusted free moment values (p>.05).DiscussionHigher mediolateral ground reaction forces and vertical loading rate amplitudes in boys with genu varus during running at preferred running speed may accelerate the development of progressive joint degeneration in terms of the age at knee osteoarthritis onset. Therefore, practitioners and therapists are advised to conduct balance and strength training programs to improve lower limb alignment and mediolateral control during dynamic movements.

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Effect of foot orthoses on the medial longitudinal arch in children with flexible flatfoot deformity: A three-dimensional moment analysis

Cited by 43 publications

References 54 publications

Immediate Effects of Medially Posted Insoles on Lower Limb Joint Contact Forces in Adult Acquired Flatfoot: A Pilot Study

Immediate Effects of Medially Posted Insoles on Lower Limb Joint Contact Forces in Adult Acquired Flatfoot: A Pilot Study

The long-term use of foot orthoses affects walking kinematics and kinetics of children with flexible flat feet: A randomized controlled trial

A comparison of running kinetics in children with and without genu varus: A cross sectional study

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