Effect of food deprivation during early pregnancy on endocrine changes in primiparous sows

Tsuma, V.T.; Einarsson, S.; Madej, Andrzej; Kindahl, H.; Lundeheim, N.

doi:10.1016/0378-4320(95)01456-x

Cited by 50 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Associated with the changes in feeding time, increased ambient temperatures, and increased exposure to sun, we found that female baboons had elevated fGC concentrations from July to October. These data are consistent with those reported in the literature for various animal species subjected to food deprivation (Astheimer et al, 1992;Harper and Austad, 2000;Kitaysky et al, 2001a;Tsuma et al, 1996). Moreover, water sources become progressively more scarce, smaller in size, and poorer in quality in Amboseli as the dry season progresses.…”

Section: Environmental Conditions and Fgc Variabilitysupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The majority of research has been on single acute stressors, either approached through experimental laboratory studies or, in a few cases, through nonexperimental evaluation of acute natural stressors in the field. In experimental laboratory studies, researchers have usually created such stressors by exposing animals to various single environmental stressors for short period: extreme heat (Larsson et al, 1983;Lowe et al, 2002;Olsson et al, 1995Olsson et al, , 1996; review by Silanikove, 2000); cold temperatures (DeVries et al, 1997;Filipovic, 2007); food or water deprivation (Astheimer et al, 1992;Dunlap, 1995;Li et al, 2000;Lynn et al, 2003;Tsuma et al, 1996; see also review by Harvey et al, 1984). A few experiments have used a combination of two acute stressors simultaneously, e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Coping with a challenging environment: Effects of seasonal variability and reproductive status on glucocorticoid concentrations of female baboons (Papio cynocephalus)

Gesquiere

Khan

Shek

et al. 2008

Hormones and Behavior

105

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Environmental stressors impact physiology and behavior in many species of animals. These effects are partly mediated through changing concentrations of glucocorticoids, which also vary with reproductive state and social conditions. Prior research has focused largely on seasonal breeders, but the close temporal linkage between season and reproductive state in these species hinders ability to disentangle environmental effects from those of the animal's reproductive status. Here we assessed the effects of environmental challenges on the fecal glucocorticoid (fGC) levels of non-seasonal breeders, female baboons (Papio cynocephalus) of Amboseli, Kenya. Amboseli is characterized by a long dry season, during which food and water become scarce, and by extreme temperatures above 40°C in the shade during some months of the year. We found that after accounting for female reproductive status and individual variability, females exhibited higher fGC levels during the dry season than during the wet season. Further, during the wet season, fGC levels were higher in months of high average daily maximum temperatures. During the dry season, fGC levels were elevated both in hotter months and in months during which the baboons spent a relatively high proportion of time feeding. In spite of these stressors, female baboons reproduce during all months of the year in Amboseli, unlike most other mammals in this environment. This may be attributable to their extreme adaptability, specifically their diversified diet, and their ability to modify their behavior, including their activity profiles.

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Section: Environmental Conditions and Fgc Variabilitysupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coping with a challenging environment: Effects of seasonal variability and reproductive status on glucocorticoid concentrations of female baboons (Papio cynocephalus)

Gesquiere

Khan

Shek

et al. 2008

Hormones and Behavior

105

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This criterion can assess whether the egg is fertilized, the technical level and stud foster care for pregnant sows. The number of piglets born more or less depends on whether the zygote is formed and capacity of feeding pregnant sows [1,10]. The number of newborns/drive is the target of indirect selection to improve the number of piglets born alive per litter.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Percentage of piglets' death during follow-mother said the number of newborn piglets alive at weaning. This indicator significantly affects economic efficiency in livestock breeding sows through the weaning amount sold [1,8,10]. Percentage of piglets' death during follow-mother depends greatly on the care process of the selected piglets reared in suckling period.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pig Breeds (GF24) Introducing to Central Vietnam and Reproductive Performance

Linh¹,

Nhanh²

2015

JAST-A

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Abstract:The aim of this study was to characterize the reproductive performance of new pig breed introduced to Central Vietnam. The data were collected on farm by field studies with 30 individuals, during a period of one year to record and register productive and reproductive indicators. The GF24 female breeding pigs imported from US for Vietnam through GreenFeed Asia were intended for reproductive performance. Results obtained for first coming heat, first mating, first litter farrowing age, pregnancy time and dry sow were as follows: 166.2 ± 2.94, 200.44 ± 2.14, 133.79 ± 2.29, 317.75 ± 2.19, 117.31 ± 0.31 and 8.27 ± 0.86 d, respectively. The average number of piglets born alive and stillbirths per litter were 11.58 ± 0.52 and 0.65 ± 0.27, respectively; both traits were affected by the parity of the sows. The individual weight at birth of piglets was 1.38 ± 0.12 kg and the number of weaned piglets was 9.58 ± 0.53. The feeding in the farms was characterized by using commercial feed (80%) and agricultural remainder (20%) as balanced feed. As a conclusion, this breed offers a potential progress in livestock for rural and industrial areas and is a contribution to the development of pig husbandry in Vietnam.

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“…Decreased CBG binding capacity has also been observed in pregnant nulliparous swine exposed to heat and crowding stressors (Kattesh et al, 1980), but mixing did not affect CBG concentration of pregnant nulliparous swine (Tsuma et al, 1996b). Additionally, maternal feed restriction in gestating rats decreased CBG concentration (Lesage et al, 2001); however maternal feed restriction during early gestation did not affect CBG concentration in swine (Tsuma et al, 1996a). Besides changing CBG function, maternal feed x,y Least square means ± SE in the same row with different superscripts tend to be different (0.05 ≤ P ≤ 0.10).…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Growth and reproductive development of male piglets are more vulnerable to midgestation maternal stress than that of female piglets12

Mack

Lay

Eicher

et al. 2014

Journal of Animal Science

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In many mammalian species, prenatal stress masculinizes female and feminizes male offspring impairing their reproductive capacity. Regrouping gestating sows is a common, stressful production practice, but its impact on the developing pigs of the sow is not fully known. This study examined the effects of regrouping gestating sows and the administration of exogenous glucocorticoids on the growth and external reproductive morphology of pigs. At 37.2 ± 0.26 d of gestation, 6 cohorts of 18 sows (N = 108) were placed in 1 of 3 treatments: socially stable (Stable), hydrocortisone acetate (HCA), or mixed (Mixed). The HCA sows were administered 70 mg HCA, a synthetic glucocorticoid, twice daily during the 21 d experimental period. Each Mixed sow was penned with 2 companion sows (Companion) and regrouped on d 7 and 14 with 2 different Companion sows in a new pen. Stable and HCA sows were penned in treatment groups of 3 sows. Sow social rank was assessed weekly during feeding. After the 21 d experimental period, all sows were housed in gestation stalls for the duration of pregnancy. During the 21 d, Companion sows gained more weight than HCA and Mixed sows (P < 0.05) with Stable sows intermediate. High ranked sows gained more weight than middle and low ranked sows (P < 0.05). Mixed sows had greater head lesion scores than Stable and HCA sows (P < 0.05) with Companion sows intermediate. Head lesions increased with lower social rank (P < 0.001). Sow treatment did not affect farrowing rate, litter size, or sex ratio (P > 0.10). Social rank also had no effect on farrowing rate (P > 0.10), but affected total litter size (P = 0.03). High ranked sows bore and weaned more live females than low ranked sows (P < 0.05), in part due to differential preweaning mortality among female pigs (P = 0.01). Only male pigs were affected by sow treatment. Preweaning mortality was higher among male pigs from HCA than from Mixed sows (P = 0.04) with other treatments intermediate. Despite no weight differences in the preweaning period, at 160 d of age males from HCA sows weighed more than males from Stable sows (P = 0.01) with other treatments intermediate. Males born to Companion sows had longer relative anogenital distances, a marker of fetal testosterone exposure, than males from Mixed sows (P = 0.03) with other treatments intermediate. The prenatal environment affected the pigs in a sex-specific manner altering the growth and reproductive morphology of the males more than that of the females. RightsWorks produced by employees of the U.S. Government as part of their official duties are not copyrighted within the U.S. The content of this document is not copyrighted. middle and low ranked sows (P < 0.05). Mixed sows had greater head lesion scores than Stable and HCA sows (P < 0.05) with Companion sows intermediate. Head lesions increased with lower social rank (P < 0.001). Sow treatment did not affect farrowing rate, litter size, or sex ratio (P > 0.10). Social rank also had no effect on farrowing rate (P > 0.10), but affected total litte...

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Effect of food deprivation during early pregnancy on endocrine changes in primiparous sows

Cited by 50 publications

References 30 publications

Coping with a challenging environment: Effects of seasonal variability and reproductive status on glucocorticoid concentrations of female baboons (Papio cynocephalus)

Coping with a challenging environment: Effects of seasonal variability and reproductive status on glucocorticoid concentrations of female baboons (Papio cynocephalus)

Pig Breeds (GF24) Introducing to Central Vietnam and Reproductive Performance

Growth and reproductive development of male piglets are more vulnerable to midgestation maternal stress than that of female piglets12

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