Effect of fly ash on biochemical responses and DNA damage in earthworm, Dichogaster curgensis

Markad, Vijaykumar L.; Kodam, Kisan M.; Ghole, Vikram S.

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.02.053

Cited by 51 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Superoxide dismutase catalyzes dismutation of superoxide anion into oxygen and hydrogen peroxide, while catalase protects the cells by eliminating hydrogen peroxide (Saint-Denis et al, 1998). Markad et al (2012) reported a decrease in a activity of SOD in earthworm (Dichogaster curgensis) on 14 day exposure as compared to 7 day at all doses of fly ash except 40% fly ash dose (Markad et al, 2012). In present study, no decrease in SOD activity was noted.…”

Section: Results and Discussion:-contrasting

confidence: 43%

“…A massive amount of fly ash (4750 million tons) is generated worldwide from coal-based thermal power plants (Yao et al, 2015). Recently it has started receiving alarming attention due to its hazardous nature, wide spread usage, and the manner of disposal; leading to severe environmental pollution (Maity et al, 2009;Markad et al, 2012). India generates higher amount of fly ash and utilizes lower percentage of fly ash compared to other countries.…”

Section: Introduction:-mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of Alterations Induced by Fly Ash on Some Biochemical Parameters in Eisenia Fetida.

Sharma¹,

Kaur²

2016

IJAR

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Fly ash is a serious source of air pollution since it remains air borne for a long period of time and causes health hazards. Besides being a health hazard, fly ash degrades the environment. Earthworms are globally accepted as a model organism in terrestrial ecotoxicology for assessment of environment pollution. This study evaluated the effect of different concentrations of fly ash on biochemical responses in the earthworm, Eisenia fetida. Earthworms were allowed to grow in different proportion of fly ash (70-30%, 50-50% and 30-70%) for 1, 7 and 14 day. The biochemical markers viz. catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and malondialdehyde (MDA) level were measured. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were significantly increased. These results demonstrate that fly ash has adverse biological effects on the indicator organism Eisenia fetida.

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Section: Results and Discussion:-contrasting

confidence: 43%

Section: Introduction:-mentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Alterations Induced by Fly Ash on Some Biochemical Parameters in Eisenia Fetida.

Sharma¹,

Kaur²

2016

IJAR

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“…The antioxidant enzyme responses of organisms to environmental stress are regarded as early warning signs of pollution in the environment . Catalase is essential to detoxification and plays a key role in cellular antioxidant mechanisms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of benzo[a]pyrene on growth, the antioxidant system, and DNA damage in earthworms (Eisenia fetida) in 2 different soil types under laboratory conditions

Duan

Song

et al. 2015

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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The aims of the present study were to compare the toxic effects of benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) and to screen for rapid and sensitive biomarkers that can be used to assess the environmental risks of BaP in earthworms in different natural soil types. The authors exposed Eisenia fetida to 2 types of soil (red soil and fluvo-aquic soil) spiked with different concentrations (0 mg kg(-1), 1 mg kg(-1), 10 mg kg(-1), 100 mg kg(-1), and 500 mg kg(-1)) of BaP for 7 d or 14 d. Benzo[a]pyrene-induced weight variation altered the activities of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase [SOD]; catalase [CAT]; and guaiacol peroxidase [POD]) and changed the content of malondialdehyde (MDA). In addition, using the comet assay, the authors determined the DNA damage in earthworms. The results revealed that the comet assay was suitable for evaluating the genotoxicity of BaP in the soil, even at the lowest examined concentration. The MDA content was the least sensitive indicator of BaP toxicity. A 3-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine whether the soil type, exposure concentration, and duration affected the BaP toxicity. The antioxidant enzyme activities and the MDA content were shown to be significantly correlated with the exposure concentration. The percentage of weight variation (p < 0.001), CAT activity (p < 0.05), and SOD activity (p < 0.01) were significantly affected by the soil type, and the POD activity (p < 0.01), CAT activity (p < 0.001), and SOD activity (p < 0.001) were significantly affected by the exposure duration. Therefore, measuring DNA damage in earthworms is a simple and efficient means of assessing BaP genotoxicity in a terrestrial environment, and the effects of the soil type and exposure time on the other parameters that were investigated in E. fetida, which were used as responsive biomarkers, should be considered.

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“…The DNAdamaging effects of both ionising [212,228] and non-ionising radiation [229] were also studied, indicating that both types of radiation are able to induce DNA damage and that the comet assay is a sensitive and rapid method for the detection of radiation-induced genotoxicity. There are many other studies on terrestrial as well as aquatic oligochaete species such as Eisenia hortensis [230,231], several species of lumbricids (Lumbricus terrestris, Lumbricus rubellus, Lumbricus castaneous) [232][233][234], Amynthas diffringens [235], Amynthas gracilis [236], Aporrectodea caliginosa [235,237], Branchiura sowerbyi [148], Dendrodrilus rubidus [232,235], Dichogaster curgensis [238][239][240], Limnodrilus udekemianus Claparede [241], Metaphire posthuma [242], Microchaetus benhami [235], Enchytraeus crypticus [243] and Pheretima peguana [244]. Since some studies also showed differences in sensitivity between the tested species in response towards genotoxicants [197,232,235] special attention should be given when choosing appropriate species for biomonitoring studies in order to reduce both false positive and false negative results.…”

Section: Oligochaetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The comet assay in animal models: From bugs to whales – (Part 1 Invertebrates)

Gajski

Žegura

Ladeira

et al. 2019

Mutation Research/Reviews in Mutation Research

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The comet assay, also called single cell gel electrophoresis, is a sensitive, rapid and low-cost technique for quantifying and analysing DNA damage and repair at the level of individual cells. The assay itself can be applied on virtually any cell type derived from different organs and tissues of eukaryotic organisms. Although it is mainly used on human cells, the assay has applications also in the evaluation of DNA damage in yeast, plant and animal cells. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to give an extensive overview on the usage of the comet assay in animal models from invertebrates to vertebrates, covering both terrestrial and water biota. The comet assay is used in a variety of invertebrate species since they are regarded as interesting subjects in ecotoxicological research due to their significance in ecosystems. Hence, the first part of the review (Part 1) will discuss the application of the comet assay in invertebrates covering protozoans, platyhelminthes, planarians, cnidarians, molluscs, annelids, arthropods and echinoderms. Besides a large number of animal species, the assay is also performed on a variety of cells, which includes haemolymph, gills, digestive gland, sperm and embryo cells. The mentioned cells have been used for the evaluation of a broad spectrum of genotoxic agents both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, the use of invertebrate models and their role from an ecotoxicological point of view will also be discussed as well as the comparison of the use of the comet assay in invertebrate and human models. Since the comet assay is still developing, its increasing potential in assessing DNA damage in animal models is crucial especially in the field of ecotoxicology and biomonitoring at the level of different species, not only humans.

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Effect of fly ash on biochemical responses and DNA damage in earthworm, Dichogaster curgensis

Cited by 51 publications

References 59 publications

Assessment of Alterations Induced by Fly Ash on Some Biochemical Parameters in Eisenia Fetida.

Assessment of Alterations Induced by Fly Ash on Some Biochemical Parameters in Eisenia Fetida.

Effects of benzo[a]pyrene on growth, the antioxidant system, and DNA damage in earthworms (Eisenia fetida) in 2 different soil types under laboratory conditions

The comet assay in animal models: From bugs to whales – (Part 1 Invertebrates)

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