Effect of Fluorine Carriers on Crops and Drainage Waters

Maclntire, W. H.; Winterberg, S. H.; Clements, L. B.; Jones, Lauren; Robinson, Brooks

doi:10.1021/ie50500a033

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…In general, however, and with the exception of certain plants, such as those of the tea family, the work of MacIntire and others (22)(23)(24) has shown that comparatively little fluorine is absorbed from the soil. Absorption is greatest .with the addition of soluble fluorides to light, sandy soils with little organic matter, but even so, much of the absorbed fluoride remains in the root system (25)(26).…”

Section: Fluoride Intake From Foodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Some Medical Considerations regarding Atmospheric Fluorides

Martin¹,

Jones²

1971

HSMHA Health Reports

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IN assessing margins of safety and possible toxic hazards from fluorides, it is necessary to consider the body's total intake of fluoride from all sources. This consideration is important when determining the optimum level of fluoride for dental protection before embarking on a scheme for the fluoridation of a water supply, and it is necessary also when considering possible hazards from fluorides to the community in the vicinity of industries emitting them. The total intake will be derived in part from the diet, in part from drinking water, and in part from the atmosphere. McClure (1) made a comprehensive analysis of the fluoride content of individual foods and estimated the adult intake from the diet, excluding that derived from drinking water, was 0.2-0.3 mg. per day. Cholak (2), as a result of the analyses of actual dietaries, calculated an intake of 0.34-0.80 Dr. Martin is a senior medical officer in the British Department of Health and Social Security and secretary of that department's Fluoridation Research Committee. Mrs. Jones is a member of the Food Science Advice Branch of the British Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food. This paper is based on one given at the annual meeting of the Air Pollution Control Association at St. Louis, Mo., in June 1970. Tearsheet requests to

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Section: Fluoride Intake From Foodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Some Medical Considerations regarding Atmospheric Fluorides

Martin¹,

Jones²

1971

HSMHA Health Reports

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“…The University of Tennessee Agricultural Experiment Station, fluorine occurrences in forage vegetation on fluorineenriched soils have been studied through pot culture and iysimeter experiments (6,9). Experimentally grown crops did not acquire abnormal contents of fluorine from rational incorporations of fluorides in soils adequately supplied with calcium through inputs of either wollastonite or limestone (8). The same proved true of the quenched slag, which contained nearly 4% fluorine and imparted relatively high concentrations of fluorides to the free water of the soil (d, 7).…”

Section: Chemistry and Animal Husbandry Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atmospheric Fluorine, Fluorine Acquired by Forage Cultures in Outdoor and Washed Atmospheres at Columbia, Tenn.

Maclntire¹,

Hardin²,

Hardison³

1954

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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47.7% in the high protein dietary lot to 55.0% in the low protein group receiving Aureomycin. From these data the highprotein dietary levels appear to decrease the total solids content of hams; however, the variance mean squares were not significant, but appreciable. The observation that the hams having the greatest protein content also have the greatest water (volatile matter) content is in agreement with the knowledge that muscle contains more water than nonmuscular tissues, such as fat.

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“…Tables I and I1 are indicated by the analytical values given in Table I of the preceding paper ( 8 ) . These values show fluorine contents of 169 parts per million (p.p.m.)…”

Section: Objectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The characteristics of the Hartsells fine sandy loam and the Clarksville silt loam used in the 2-gallon pot cultures of Tables I and II are indicated by the analytical values given in Table I of the preceding paper (8). These values show fluorine contents of 169 parts per million (p.p.m.)…”

Section: Experimental Soils and Preliminary Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crop and Soil Reactions to Applications of Hydrofluoric Acid

Maclntire¹,

Winterberg²,

Clements³

et al. 1951

Ind. Eng. Chem.

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T h e experimental objective was to determine effects that hydrofluoric acid, as increments derived directly from the atmosphere, induces upon soil reaction and fertility, upon seedings, upon subsequent plant growth, and upon the uptake of fluorine.Yields, fluorine uptake, and soil acidity were not affected significantly by applications of hydrofluoric acid that were in simulation to increments that would be expected to reach the soil through rain and dew in contrast to the effects induced by parallels of hydrochloric acid.In a humid region, soils of the type used would not be rendered less fertile through increments of effluent hydrofluoric acid in quantities that would be expected to come directly from the atmosphere at points not immediate to emissions. Under such conditions, and with adequacy of calcium in the soil, possible enhancements in the fluorine content of forage vegetation would be chargeable to its pollution directly from the atmosphere rather than to uptake from the soil. IVESTOCK production, floriculture, and horticulture are L purported to be affected adversely in certain localities where the atmosphere has been contaminated through fluoric emission6 from manufacturing operations. In 1943, 29 industrial pi ocessei were listed ( l a ) as causing such emissions from components iiative to the materials processed or from additive reactants, such as fluorspar, 406,000 tons of which were used in 1949 ( 2 ) .Fluoric compounds are dispelled from five distinct operatiom in the processings of rock phosphate and of slag in Maury County of middle Tennessee, but in Blount County of east Tennehsre the emissions are from a major operation in which molten cryolite is used as the solvent for alumina in the manufacture of aluminum. In both counties, however, the emissions are chiefly hydrofluoric acid, the dispersion of which may occur as a gaseom phase, as mists, as fogs, and as droplets, according to discharge volume, distance, topography, prevailing winds, and other meteorological conditions and to concomitant ocrurrence of particulates and aerosols.Many farmers in the two Tennessee counties now contend that the fluoric emissions contaminate their forage crops and that the ingestion of the contaminated vegetation is causing their liveetock to suffer the tooth, bone, and degenerative effects that spell fluorosis (1). Because of such contentions, and because the Middle Tennessee Experiment Station is located near the sevei a1 011-erations that process rock phosphate and slag in Maury County, and because the university owns an experimental farm near the aluminum operations in Blount County, the Agricultural Experiment Station inaugurated an over-all chemistry-animal husbandry study of the effects of atmospheric effluents upon plant and animal life in the two designated locales. The urgency of the situation was recognized by several organizations among those that operate in the two counties and they are cooperating and collaborating in the furtherance of the current investigation.The jointly-conducted study develop...

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Effect of Fluorine Carriers on Crops and Drainage Waters

Cited by 11 publications

References 5 publications

Some Medical Considerations regarding Atmospheric Fluorides

Some Medical Considerations regarding Atmospheric Fluorides

Atmospheric Fluorine, Fluorine Acquired by Forage Cultures in Outdoor and Washed Atmospheres at Columbia, Tenn.

Crop and Soil Reactions to Applications of Hydrofluoric Acid

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