Effect of fluoride on root resorption following heavy and light orthodontic force application for 4 weeks and 12 weeks of retention

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the null hypothesis that fluoride intake via drinking water has no effect on orthodontic root resorption in humans after orthodontic force application for 4 weeks and 12 weeks of retention. Materials and Methods: Forty-eight patients who required maxillary premolar extractions as part of their orthodontic treatment were selected from two cities in Turkey. These cities had a high and low fluoride concentration in public water of $2 pm and #0.05 pm, respectively. The patients were randomly separated into four groups of 12 each: group 1HH, high fluoride ($2 ppm) and heavy force (225 g); group 2LH, low fluoride (#0.05 ppm) and heavy force; group 3HL, high fluoride and light force (25 g); and group 4LL, low fluoride and light force. Light or heavy buccal tipping force was applied on the upper first premolars for 28 days. At day 28, the left premolars were extracted (positive control side); the right premolars (experimental side) were extracted after 12 weeks of retention. The samples were analyzed with microcomputed tomography. Results: On the positive control side, under heavy force application, the high fluoride groups exhibited less root resorption (P 5 .015). On the experimental side, it was found that fluoride reduced the total volume of root resorption craters; however, this effect was not statistically significant (P 5 .237). Moreover, the results revealed that under heavy force application experimental teeth exhibited more root resorption than positive control groups. Conclusion: The null hypothesis could not be rejected. High fluoride intake from public water did not have a beneficial effect on the severity of root resorption after a 4-week orthodontic force application and 12 weeks of passive retention. (Angle Orthod. 2013;83:418-424.)

Big toenail and hair samples as biomarkers for fluoride exposure – a pilot study

“…The results of the present study, namely a higher and significant fluoride concentration in nail clippings and hair collected from IC participants when compared to SC participants, are similar to the findings of other studies [11–14]. These findings may be attributed to the fact that the regular level of fluoride in IC (≥2 ppm) drinking water was higher than that in SC (≤0.05 ppm) [18, 19]. Therefore, systemic fluoride circulation in the residents of IC is considerably higher, which in turn raised the fluoride uptake by nails and hair.…”

“…No changes in the address of residency (< 3 months) particularly before the commencement of this study and no history of systemic or topical fluoride supplements existed. Twenty-four participants (12 males and 12 females, mean age 15.42 + 2.50 years) were from Isparta city (IC), in the southwestern part of Turkey, with a high fluoride concentration in the public water supply (≥2 ppm (ppm)) [18, 19]. The participants from IC had Thylstrup and Fejerskov Fluorosis Indices (TFI) ranging from 2 to 5 [20].…”

“…The participants from IC had Thylstrup and Fejerskov Fluorosis Indices (TFI) ranging from 2 to 5 [20]. The remaining 24 participants (12 males and 12 females, mean age 15.15 + 0.96 years) came from Samsun city (SC), on the north coast of Turkey, which has a low fluoride concentration (≤0.05 ppm) in the public water supply [19]. The Thylstrup and Fejerskov Fluorosis Indices (TFI) were 0 for the participants form SC [20].…”

Comparison of surface roughness of root cementum and orthodontically induced root resorption craters from high- and low-fluoridation areas: a 3D confocal microscopy study

“…One rat study also reported a decrease in the surface roughness of resorption craters and a reduction in the amount of tooth movement [ 14 ]. There are only two human studies that compared OIIRR in individuals from high and low water fluoridation areas after 28 days of light or heavy (25 g or 225 g) buccal orthodontic force [ 15 , 16 ]. These studies reported significantly reduced volume of OIIRR with higher fluoride concentration (≥ 2 ppm) but only in the high force (225 g) group [ 15 ].…”

Estudo in vitro da perfuração radicular por diferentes diâmetros de mini-implantes

“…Em Ortodontia, a Micro-CT tem sido empregada nos trabalhos em animais que pesquisam remodelação óssea (FRANZEN et al, 2014;KRAUS et al, 2014) e reabsorção radicular (KARADENIZ et al, 2013;PONDER et al, 2013) decorrentes da movimentação ortodôntica, estabilidade de mini-implante e resposta óssea ao seu redor (MASSEY et al, 2012;DRESCHER, 2011;WU et al, 2014), características estruturais tridimensionais de bráquetes (KANG et al, 2013), mensuração da espessura das corticais ósseas e disponibilidade de espaço para inserção de mini-implantes em peças anatômicas(LAURSEN; MELSEN; CATTANEO, 2013;WILMES et al, 2006), entre outras aplicações. A avaliação do contato/perfuração radicular por mini-implantes geralmente tem sido feita através de análise histológica (AHMED et al, 2012;ASSCHERICKX et al, 2005;BRISCENO et al, 2009;SHIN;KYUNG, 2008;DAO et al, 2009;KIM, 2011;LEE et al, 2010;MAINO et al, 2007;RENJEN et al, 2009) TASDEMIR, 2011;HWANG, 2011;KURODA et al, 2007;MCCABE;KAVANAGH, 2012), muitas vezes limitadas por ser tratar de imagens bidimensionais (ASSCHERICKX et al, 2008), e por tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico (KURODA et al, 2007;SHIGEEDA, 2014;SHINOHARA et al, 2013;SON et al, 2014;WATANABE et al, 2013) (BARROS et al, 2011;FLORVAAG et al, 2010;HWANG, 2008;WILMES et al, 2008a;<...>…”