Effect of fines content on steady-state strength of mixed and layered samples of a sand

Naeini, Seyed Abolhasan; Baziar, Mohammad Hassan

doi:10.1016/j.soildyn.2003.11.003

Cited by 182 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…On the other hand, the results of Naeemifar and Yasrobi [12] showed that the value of the critical stress ratio (M) is inversely proportional to clay content. However, the CSL developed by Naeini and Baziar [13] in the compression space shows a different trend, the CSL moves downward as the fines content increases to about 35 % and then moves upward again. The results of other researchers [14][15][16] also showed similar trends.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Effect of fines content on critical state parameters of sand matrix soils

Marto¹,

Tan

Makhtar³

et al. 2016

AIP Conference Proceedings

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Abstract. Natural sand does always contain significant amounts of fine particles, known as sand matrix soils. The development of critical state for sand and clay are both well established. However, limited researchers focused on the sand matrix soils. This paper discusses the effect of fines content on the critical state parameters of sand matrix soils. Two types of plastic fines with different plasticity (kaolin and bentonite) were mixed into poorly graded Johor clean sand at different percentages to form the sand matrix soils. The critical state was obtained from the strain controlled triaxial compression test. All tested soils had been isotropically consolidated to four different effective confining pressures and sheared under consolidated undrained condition until the critical state was ascertained. The critical state line was plotted for each sand matrix soils on space and compression spaces. Based on linear regression analysis, the critical state parameters, M, λ and Γ were obtained and the ranges are from 0.807 to 1.102, 0.062 to 0.160 and 1.732 to 2.431, respectively. The trend of the critical state lines of sand matrix soils in both stress and compression space coincides with the concept of threshold fines content. The threshold fines content identified for sand-kaolin mixtures is 25 % kaolin while it is 20 % bentonite for sandbentonite mixtures.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Effect of fines content on critical state parameters of sand matrix soils

Marto¹,

Tan

Makhtar³

et al. 2016

AIP Conference Proceedings

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“…Discussions regarding the functionality of shear strength with particle size and distribution for different slurries can be found in Naeini and Baziar (2004), Turian et al (2002), Ancey and Jorrot (2001), Zhou et al (1999 and, Buscal et al (1987), Schatzmann et al (2003), etc. Naeini and Baziar (2004) investigated the effect of size distribution by varying the concentration of a "fine" component, silt with median size 25 m, maximum size of 74 m, in sand with a median size of 190 m and 100% greater than 74 m. As the silt content increases up to 35%, the strength (via triaxial compression tests) decreases.…”

Section: Shear Strength-particle Sizementioning

confidence: 99%

Hanford Waste Physical and Rheological Properties: Data and Gaps

Wells¹,

Kurath²,

Mahoney³

et al. 2011

103

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Executive SummaryThe Hanford Site in Washington State manages 177 underground storage tanks containing approximately 250,000 m 3 of waste generated during past defense reprocessing and waste management operations. These tanks contain a mixture of sludge, saltcake and supernatant liquids. The insoluble sludge fraction of the waste consists of metal oxides and hydroxides and contains the bulk of many radionuclides such as the transuranic components and 90 Sr. The saltcake, generated by extensive evaporation of aqueous solutions, consists primarily of dried sodium salts. The supernates consist of concentrated (5-15 M) aqueous solutions of sodium and potassium salts. The 177 storage tanks include 149 single-shell tanks (SSTs) and 28 double-shell tanks (DSTs).Ultimately the wastes need to be retrieved from the tanks for treatment and disposal. The SSTs contain minimal amounts of liquid wastes, and the Tank Operations Contractor is continuing a program of moving solid wastes from SSTs to interim storage in the DSTs. The Hanford DST system provides the staging location for waste feed delivery to the Department of Energy (DOE) Office of River Protection's (ORP) Hanford Tank Waste Treatment and Immobilization Plant (WTP). The WTP is being designed and constructed to pretreat and then vitrify a large portion of the wastes in Hanford's 177 underground waste storage tanks.The retrieval, transport, treatment and disposal operations involve the handling of a wide range of slurries. Solids in the slurry have a wide range of particle size, density and chemical characteristics. Depending on the solids concentration the slurries may exhibit a Newtonian or a non-Newtonian rheology.The extent of knowledge of the physical and rheological properties is a key component to the success of the design and implementation of the waste processing facilities. These properties are used in engineering calculations in facility designs. Knowledge of the waste properties is also necessary for the development and fabrication of simulants that are used in testing at various scales. The expense and hazards associated with obtaining and using actual wastes dictates that simulants be used at many stages in the testing and scale-up of process equipment. The results presented in this report should be useful for estimating process and equipment performance and provide a technical basis for development of simulants for testing.The purpose of this document is to provide an updated summary of the Hanford waste characterization data pertinent to safe storage, retrieval, transport and processing operations for both the tank farms and the WTP and thereby identify gaps in understanding and data. Important waste parameters for these operations are identified by examining examples of relevant mathematical models of selected phenomena including: The data sets in (UDS composition and particle density, UDS primary particle size and shape, UDS particle size distributions [PSDs], and estimated particle size and density distributions [PSDDs]) and Poloski et al. (2007) ...

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“…Alternatively, Naeini and Baziar (2003) found that the strength of a soil passes through a minimum as the ratio of fine to coarse constituents increased, and so, depending on the initial condition, the broadening of the size distribution may not always necessarily increase a material's strength. The sample 96-13 shear strength results of Table 4.2 are high relative to other K-Basin sludge (Gauglitz and Terrones, 2002).…”

Section: Sample 96-13 Shear Strength Estimatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Jet Erosion for Potential Post-Retrieval K-Basin Settled Sludge

Wells¹,

Enderlin²,

Gauglitz³

et al. 2009

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SummaryPackaged K-Basin sludge will be transported to the T Plant on the Hanford Site where it will be interim stored. The sludge will be retrieved from the storage containers and processed for disposal. A sample of high uranium content canister sludge, designated 96-13, -self-cemented‖ during laboratory storage. This sample was uncharacteristically strong compared to expected K-Basin material. The purpose for this work is to evaluate the potential retrieval of such sludge after storage at the T Plant via jet erosion.The specific objectives of this report are to determine the modes of erosion and the methods used to measure/assess the erodibility parameters of sludge and identify those parameters applicable to jet erosion. The erodibility parameters of sample 96-13 are characterized to the extent possible. These objectives have been met based on literature review, past experience at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, and observation of sample 96-13 video during hot-cell activities.Sample 96-13 is characterized as a heterogeneous cohesive sediment with -paste‖ material (estimated shear strength 3 to 5 kPa) joining -chunks‖ (estimated shear strength 380 to 770 kPa). The bulk material shear strength is estimated at 15 to 65 kPa, which is within the range of shear strengths for cohesive sludges used for erosion investigations. These shear strength estimates are taken from visual observation of the 96-13 sample settling study disassembly video and are based on estimated applied forces, approximated contact areas, and the application of an estimate of the relation of compressive and shear stresses and must therefore be treated as qualitative. The estimated shear-strength results are qualitatively in agreement with the measured shear strength for hydrothermally treated K-Basin samples. General recommendations for measuring the shear strength of materials such as sample 96-13 are provided.

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Effect of fines content on steady-state strength of mixed and layered samples of a sand

Cited by 182 publications

References 12 publications

Effect of fines content on critical state parameters of sand matrix soils

Effect of fines content on critical state parameters of sand matrix soils

Hanford Waste Physical and Rheological Properties: Data and Gaps

Assessment of Jet Erosion for Potential Post-Retrieval K-Basin Settled Sludge

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