Effect of filtration of platelet concentrates on the accumulation of cytokines and platelet release factors during storage

Abstract

These data indicate that the accumulation of high levels of cytokines in stored PCs could be prevented by WBC-reduction filtration of PCs without the induction of significant platelet activation or granule release. As cytokines have the potential to induce febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reactions in patients, the transfusion of WBC-reduced PCs would be expected to reduce the frequency and severity of such reactions.

Temporal growth factor release from platelet‐rich plasma, trehalose lyophilized platelets, and bone marrow aspirate and their effect on tendon and ligament gene expression

“…52 Furthermore, IL-1b and TNF-a released from inflammatory cells stimulate MMP expression and synthesis in tenocytes without a change in tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases resulting in a shift away from tissue homeostasis towards degeneration. 44,53 Several investigators have established that there is a positive correlation between increasing leukocyte concentration in platelet concentrates and accumulation of inflammatory cytokines including IL-1b, TNF-a, IL-6, and IL-8 from 2 to 7 days of storage at room temperature, [54][55][56][57][58][59] and in the present study, we establish that WBC concentration in treatment products is positively correlated with catabolic gene expression in tendons and ligaments.…”

Time Dependent Release of Interleukin-8 and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α in Platelet Concentrate

“…Statistically significant difference has been observed in this study between BC-PC and PRP-PC cytokine levels. The reason is low levels of contaminating WBCs in BC-PC which are the main source of cytokines as demonstrated by Aye et al [2]. The results in this study indicate that there may be active synthesis of cytokine by activated WBCs at 22°C storage temperature as levels start increasing after 1 h.…”

“…These cytokines have pyrogenic effect and can mediate inflammatory reactions [2,3]. These are released by white blood cells (WBCs) and accumulate into the plasma of platelet concentrate (PC) during storage [4].…”

Release of the angiogenic cytokine vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) from platelets: significance for VEGF measurements and cancer biology

“…However, whether such release of VEGF occurs within the normal shelf-life of such concentrates and whether it is biologically active remains to be determined. Contaminating cytokines, such as TNF-a, IL-1, IL-8 and IL-6, have been described in platelet concentrates prepared from platelet-rich plasma and implicated in transfusion reactions (Muylle et al, 1993;Stack and Snyder, 1994) although thought to be derived from contaminating white blood cells, such as monocytes, and significantly reduced when prefiltered (Muylle and Peetermans, 1994;Aye et al, 1995). A reduction in adverse reactions was also seen when platelet concentrates derived from buffy coats were used (Oksanen et al, 1994), and studies have reported that white cell contamination in such preparations is low and cytokine contamination is rare (Flegel et al, 1995;Kluter et al, 1995).…”