Effect of Filler Loading on the Mechanical Properties of Epoxidized Natural Rubber (ENR 25) Compared with Natural Rubber (SMR L)

Sadequl, A. M.; Poh, B. T.; Ishiaku, U. S.

doi:10.1080/00914039908009689

Cited by 21 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…This phenomenon is explained by agglomeration of the silica particles at higher loading which results in poor dispersion and consequently lower mechanical properties. This trend is in agreement with the results obtained by Sadequl et al [ 24 ]. In another research by Charoenchai et al [ 18 ], the mechanical properties of neat natural rubber did not show significant change when compared to reinforced rubber composites due to low content of silica used in the system.…”

Section: Conventional Fillers For Natural Rubber Nanocompositesupporting

confidence: 94%

Surface Modified Nanocellulose and Its Reinforcement in Natural Rubber Matrix Nanocomposites: A Review

et al. 2021

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Natural rubber is of significant economic importance owing to its excellent resilience, elasticity, abrasion and impact resistance. Despite that, natural rubber has been identified with some drawbacks such as low modulus and strength and therefore opens up the opportunity for adding a reinforcing agent. Apart from the conventional fillers such as silica, carbon black and lignocellulosic fibers, nanocellulose is also one of the ideal candidates. Nanocellulose is a promising filler with many excellent properties such as renewability, biocompatibility, non-toxicity, reactive surface, low density, high specific surface area, high tensile and elastic modulus. However, it has some limitations in hydrophobicity, solubility and compatibility and therefore it is very difficult to achieve good dispersion and interfacial properties with the natural rubber matrix. Surface modification is often carried out to enhance the interfacial compatibilities between nanocellulose and natural rubber and to alleviate difficulties in dispersing them in polar solvents or polymers. This paper aims to highlight the different surface modification methods employed by several researchers in modifying nanocellulose and its reinforcement effects in the natural rubber matrix. The mechanism of the different surface medication methods has been discussed. The review also lists out the conventional filler that had been used as reinforcing agent for natural rubber. The challenges and future prospective has also been concluded in the last part of this review.

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Section: Conventional Fillers For Natural Rubber Nanocompositesupporting

confidence: 94%

Surface Modified Nanocellulose and Its Reinforcement in Natural Rubber Matrix Nanocomposites: A Review

et al. 2021

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“…This means that ENR 25-based adhesive will wet better than that of adhesive prepared from ENR 50. ENR 25 also undergoes more strain-induced crystallization [12][13][14][15][16] to enhance its resistance to rupture under an applied force so that the adhesive layer itself cannot easily be ruptured [8]. Figure 8 also shows that the peel strength obtained from the 180° Peel Test is much higher than the other two modes of testing.…”

Section: Peel Strengthmentioning

confidence: 75%

Adhesion property of epoxidized natural rubber (ENR)-based adhesives containing calcium carbonate

Poh¹,

Lee²,

Chuah³

2008

Express Polym. Lett.

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Abstract. The adhesion property (i.e. viscosity, loop tack and peel strength) of epoxidized natural rubber (ENR 25 and ENR 50 grade)-based pressure-sensitive adhesive was studied in the presence of calcium carbonate. The range of calcium carbonate loaded was from 10 to 50 parts per hundred parts of rubber (phr). Coumarone-indene resin was used as the tackifier and its concentration was fixed at 80 phr. Toluene was chosen as the solvent throughout the investigation. The substrates (PET film/paper) were coated with the adhesive using a SHEEN hand coater at a coating thickness of 60 μm. Viscosity of the adhesive was measured by a HAAKE Rotary Viscometer whereas loop tack and peel strength were determined by a Llyod Adhesion Tester operating at 30 cm/min. Results show that viscosity of ENR-based adhesives increases gradually with increase in calcium carbonate loading due to the concentration effect of the filler. However, for loop tack and peel strength, it passes through a maximum at 30 phr calcium carbonate, an observation which is attributed to the optimum wettability of adhesive on the substrate at this adhesive composition. ENR 25-based adhesive consistently exhibits higher adhesion property than ENR 50 for all calcium carbonate loadings studied.

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“…This tear strength is comparable with the value of TPU (45 kN m −1 ) [ 34 ] but higher than that of styrene‐butadiene rubber (12.5 kN m −1 ) [ 35 ] and epoxidized natural rubber (18 kN m −1 ). [ 36 ] Flexural, compressive, and Izod impact (with a hammer energy of 50 J on notched samples) tests were also carried out on PA36,9 standard specimens according to ISO‐178, ISO‐604, and ISO‐180, respectively (see Supporting Information). None of the specimens fractured, confirming the excellent flexibility and impact resistance (with impact strength > 586 kJ m −2 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Biobased Polyamide Thermoplastic Elastomer with Medium Hardness

Nurhamiyah

Irvine

Themistou

et al. 2021

Macro Chemistry & Physics

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Thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs) are useful in various engineering and healthcare applications. A new fully biobased polyamide TPE (PA36,9) with medium hardness is reported. The elastomer is synthesized using a fatty dimer amine and azelaic acid, via one-pot melt condensation polymerization. The resulting elastomer shows a melting temperature of 83.6 °C, a medium hardness (Shore A/Shore D = 90/35), a large elongation at break (1220%), good resilience, and impact resistance, while maintaining high tensile strength (31.8 MPa), low density (0.93 g cm −3 ), and hydrophobicity. The chemical structure of the repeating unit, together with the molecular weight and molecular weight distribution, of the polymer governs the properties of the resulting polyamide, which differ from those of conventional aliphatic polyamides. This biobased polyamide elastomer is a promising candidate to substitute some fossil fuel-based medium-hardness TPEs for applications, such as insulation, sealing, automotives, and construction.

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Effect of Filler Loading on the Mechanical Properties of Epoxidized Natural Rubber (ENR 25) Compared with Natural Rubber (SMR L)

Cited by 21 publications

References 19 publications

Surface Modified Nanocellulose and Its Reinforcement in Natural Rubber Matrix Nanocomposites: A Review

Surface Modified Nanocellulose and Its Reinforcement in Natural Rubber Matrix Nanocomposites: A Review

Adhesion property of epoxidized natural rubber (ENR)-based adhesives containing calcium carbonate

Novel Biobased Polyamide Thermoplastic Elastomer with Medium Hardness

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