Effect of Feeding Whole Cottonseed on Intake, Body Weight, and Reticulorumen Development of Young Holstein Calves

Anderson, M.J.; Khoyloo, M.; Walters, J.L.

doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(82)82265-0

Cited by 30 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…With inadequate dietary roughage, rumen papillae can remain small and rumen volume is depressed (Nocek et al, 1980). Several investigators noted that inclusion of forage in calf diets increased starter intake (Kincaid, 1980;Thomas and Hinks, 1982) and average daily gain (ADG; Anderson et al, 1982), as well as improved feed efficiency (Hibbs et al, 1956;Kincaid, 1980;Coverdale et al, 2004), although in some of the studies improved performance may have been confounded by the lack of measurement on gut fill. Furthermore, Khan et al, 2012 reported that adding alfalfa in textural starter diets pre-weaning did not reduce growth but did affect how calves grew.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determining optimum age of Holstein dairy calves when adding chopped alfalfa hay to meal starter diets based on measures of growth and performance

Hosseini

Ghorbani

Rezamand

et al. 2016

animal

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The present study was conducted to determine the optimum age of Holstein dairy calves for an effective inclusion of alfalfa hay (AH) in starter feed on performance, apparent digestibility and feeding behavior. A total of 40 Holstein dairy calves (20 female and 20 male) were used in a completely randomized design in which calves were randomly assigned to one of four different dietary treatments including control (CON) calves fed starter feed without any forage and three treatments consisting of the same starter feed plus 15% chopped AH fed when calves were at the 2 nd (AH2), 4 th (AH4) or 6 th (AH6) week of age. Calves were individually housed and bedded with sand that was replaced every other day. Feed and water were available ad libitum throughout the experiment. Calves were fed milk at 10% of birth BW twice daily until d 57. The study concluded when calves were 73 days old. Starter intake was recorded daily and BW was measured weekly. Data were analyzed as a complete randomized design by MIXED procedures of SAS. Results demonstrate that calves receiving AH treatments numerically consumed more starter feed (0.62 v. 0.78, 0.71 and 0.65 kg/day for CON, AH2, AH4 and AH6, respectively) and had greater average daily gain (ADG) compared with CON (0.48 v. 0.57, 0.49 and 0.49 kg/day for CON, AH2, AH4 and AH6), although the significant difference was observed only between AH2 and CON. Among AH treatments, calves in AH2 had better performance than AH6 in several cases including starter intake, ADG. No detectable differences were observed, however, in apparent dry matter, organic matter or CP digestibility among treatments. Ruminal pH and NH 3 concentrations, measured on weeks 4, 6, 8 and 10, were lower for calves fed CON compared with other treatments, with ammonia concentrations decreasing over time. Calves in the AH treatments spent more time eating and ruminating compared with CON. Calves fed CON, however, spent more time on laying down compared with other treatments. Overall, results from the present study illustrated that inclusion of alfalfa in starter feed for calves at 2 weeks of age may improve feed intake, ADG and stimulate rumination in young Holstein dairy calves. Results, however, should be viewed with caution as the number of calves per treatment was small and large calf-to-calf variation may have affected the results reported.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determining optimum age of Holstein dairy calves when adding chopped alfalfa hay to meal starter diets based on measures of growth and performance

Hosseini

Ghorbani

Rezamand

et al. 2016

animal

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“…In addition, WCS may promote growth and stimulate the functional development of the rumen (Anderson et al, 1982). Although WCS has been used extensively in cattle feeding systems (Poore & Rogers, 1995;Arieli, 1998), it has not been fully investigated as a diet ingredient for small ruminants, especially for meat and dairy sheep.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feeding of whole cottonseed on performance, carcass characteristics and intestinal morphology of Zandi lambs

Absalan¹,

Afzalzade²,

Mirzaee³

et al. 2011

SA J. An. Sci.

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______________________________________ __________________________________________ tcartsbAThe present study was conducted to determine the effect of including different levels of whole cottonseed (WCS) in the finishing diet of lambs on their dry matter intake (DMI), live weight gain, feed conversion ratio (FCR, kg feed/kg gain), carcass characteristics and small intestinal morphology. Twenty Zandi male lambs (29.8 ± 1.6 kg body weight) were assigned to one of four diets in a completely randomized experimental design. The experimental diets contained 0%, 4%, 8% and 16% WCS on a dry matter (DM) basis. The diets were prepared as total mixed rations and fed to the lambs ad libitum. The lambs were slaughtered on day 90 and carcass data was collected. The DMI and average daily gain (ADG) were significantly greater for lambs fed the 8% WCS diet compared with the other treatments. The FCR was significantly lower in the diets containing WCS compared to the control, viz. 6.11, 5.6, 5.46 and 5.68, for treatments 0, 4, 8 and 16% of WCS, respectively. However, the positive effects of including 8% cottonseed in the diet were significant in hot carcass weight, dressing percentage, liver, fat tail, intestinal fat and spleen compared with the control group. Furthermore, villous morphology and depth of crypt gland were affected by both diet and sampling site. No negative effects were observed in the organs and carcasses of the lambs that received different diets. The results indicate that the inclusion of 8% WCS in lamb diets could have a positive effect on most of the traits, but increasing the WCS inclusion up to 16% in the diet may have negative effects on lamb performance.

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“…The amount of milk consumed by young dairy calves influences gut development (Anderson et al, 1982) and determines intake of starter feed as well as their health and growth (Appleby et al, 2001). In conventional calfrearing systems, the amount of milk or milk replacer is limited to 8 to 10% of body weight (BW) during the first few weeks of life (Drackley, 2005) in order to encourage solid dry matter (DM) intake and allow early weaning.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of limiting frequency of free access to milk on growth and intake of holstein calves during pre- and early post-weaning period

Muya¹,

Nherera²

2014

Afr. J. Agric. Res.

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New born (male and female) calves (n = 26) weighing 33.3 ± 0.71 kg were used to evaluate effects of restricting frequency of free access to milk before and 2 weeks after weaning. Calves were randomly assigned at birth to 1 of 2 treatments being free access to whole milk twice daily (2X) or free access to whole milk once a day (1X). Milk and starter intakes were recorded daily, body weight (BW) was recorded weekly and metabolisable energy intake estimated. Before weaning, 2X calves had greater milk intake (8.76 L/d) and lower starter intake dry matter intake (DMI); 0.11 kg DM/d) compared to 1X calves (7.11 L/d and 0.21 kg DM/d, respectively; P < 0.01). Pre-weaning body weight (54.21 kg) and BW gain average daily gain (ADG) 0.74 kg/d were greater (P < 0.01) for 2X calves compared to 1X (45.30 kg and 0.58 kg/d, respectively). Feed and energy conversion ratio did not differ (P > 0.05) between treatments before weaning, but were greater (P < 0.03) in 1X calves compared to 2X calves after weaning. Calves fed 2X lost weight a week after weaning, while calves fed 1X maintained growth. Limiting frequency of free access to milk improved solid feed intake and helped calves maintaining apparent growth after weaning.

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Effect of Feeding Whole Cottonseed on Intake, Body Weight, and Reticulorumen Development of Young Holstein Calves

Cited by 30 publications

References 19 publications

Determining optimum age of Holstein dairy calves when adding chopped alfalfa hay to meal starter diets based on measures of growth and performance

Determining optimum age of Holstein dairy calves when adding chopped alfalfa hay to meal starter diets based on measures of growth and performance

Feeding of whole cottonseed on performance, carcass characteristics and intestinal morphology of Zandi lambs

Effects of limiting frequency of free access to milk on growth and intake of holstein calves during pre- and early post-weaning period

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