Effect of feeding the shell fish (Corbicula japonica) on lipid metabolism in the rat

European Journal of Biochemistry

et al. 1990

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141

The effects of nutrients and hormones on transcriptional and post‐transcriptional regulation of fatty acid synthase in rat liver were investigated following cDNA cloning. When fasted rats were fed a carbohydrate/protein diet, the transcriptional rate was greatly increased even in 1 h. The transcriptional rate, mRNA concentration and enzyme induction reached maximum levels in 4 h, 8–16 h and 48 h, respectively. Although dietary carbohydrate increased each level more than protein did, both carbohydrate and protein were required to reach a high level. Corn oil feeding markedly decreased the transcriptional rate. In diabetic rats, the transcriptional rate, mRNA concentration and enzyme induction were very low in comparison with the normal. By treating the diabetic rats with insulin, however, the transcriptional rate was increased 5‐fold in 1 h and 15‐fold in 6 h, preceding a great increase in the mRNA and enzyme levels. On the other hand, fructose feeding or triiodothyronine treatment of diabetic rats abundantly increased the mRNA concentration and somewhat increased the transcriptional rate. Thus, it is suggested that insulin mainly stimulates the transcription of the fatty acid synthase gene, whereas triiodothyronine and fructose mainly increase the mRNA stability.

Section: Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of nutrients and hormones on transcriptional and post‐transcriptional regulation of fatty acid synthase in rat liver

Katsurada

European Journal of Biochemistry

et al. 1990

Self Cite

141

“…Sucrose, casein and corn oil were used for carbohydrate, protein and fat, respectively. Each diet contained the common components of 9.9% cellulose, 5% salts, 0.1 YO choline chloride and vitamins [7]. The animals were allowed to take water ad libitum and were fed essentially the isocaloric diet for body mass.…”

Section: Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of nutrients and hormones on transcriptional and post‐transcriptional regulation of acetyl‐CoA carboxylase in rat liver

Katsurada

European Journal of Biochemistry

et al. 1990

Self Cite

137

The effects of nutrients and hormones on transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase in rat liver were investigated following a cDNA cloning. After refeeding a carbohydrate/protein diet to fasted rats, the transcriptional rate was increased 2.5-fold in only 1 h. The mRNA concentration reached a maximal level of 9-12-fold increase in 8-16 h, and the enzyme induction increased 10-fold in 48 h. By a carbohydrate diet without protein, the transcriptional rate, mRNA concentration and enzyme induction were similarly increased to the levels in the carbohydrate/protein diet. It appears that protein feeding is not necessary to induce acetyl-CoA carboxylase. Corn oil feeding decreased the transcriptional rate. In diabetic rats, the transcriptional rate, mRNA concentration and enzyme induction were very low in comparison with the normal. After insulin treatment, the transcriptional rate was increased 2-fold (the normal level) in 2 h in diabetic rats. By fructose feeding to diabetic rats, the transcriptional rate and mRNA concentration were increased similarly to the levels reached by insulin treatment, while the enzyme induction was increased by only 60%. Thus, it is suggested that insulin is importantly involved in the transcription and also translation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase. On the other hand, triiodothyronine treatment increased the mRNA and enzyme levels in diabetic and normal rats, and somewhat increased the transcriptional rate only in diabetic rats. Triiodothyronine appears to stabilize the mRNA besides having an insulin-like action in acetyl-CoA carboxylase transcription.The first step in the pathway of long-chain fatty acid biosynthesis is mediated by acetyl-CoA carboxylase, which catalyzes the carboxylation of acetyl-CoA to form malonylCoA. It is known that acetyl-CoA carboxylase plays a critical role in the regulation of this biosynthetic process. It is also known that the cellular content of the enzyme varies with different nutritional, hormonal and genetic conditions, and the catalytic activity of the enzyme is modulated by a number of metabolites and by phosphorylation/dephosphorylation of the enzyme [l, 21. However, very little information on regulation of gene expression of acetyl-CoA carboxylase is available at the present time [3-51. Pape et al. [4] reported that the amounts of acetyl-CoA carboxylase mRNA in liver and epididymal adipose tissue of rats were very low in fasted and diabetic states, and increased by refeeding a fat-free diet and by insulin treatment, respectively. The mRNA amounts of acetyl-CoA carboxylase corresponded to changes in the activity and amount of the enzyme. Takai et al.[5] reported the developmental changes of the content of acetyl-CoA carboxylase mRNA in chicken liver. However, the transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase is still not clear. In the present study, we have isolated cDNA clones for rat liver acetyl-CoA carboxylase and investigated the transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of ...

“…1. The oyster and clam sterol patterns were similar to those of corbicula (1). Total sterols were 1.96, and 2.28 and 1.87mg/g wet tissue in corbicula, oyster and clam, respectively.…”

mentioning

confidence: 49%

Influences of oyster or clam feeding on lipid metabolism in rats.

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology, J Nutr Sci Vit

Inoguchi

1979

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SummaryRats were fed on three kinds of diets for two weeks: (I) basal diet, (II) containing 0.1% cholate and (III) containing 0.1% cholesterol and 0.1% cholate. Each dietary group was further divided into subgroups to whose diet was added 0, 5 or 10% (dry weight) of minced oyster (Callocorchina) or clam (Tapes japonica). The serum and liver cholesterol levels of the rats fed the basal diet were reduced by feeding oyster or clam. The serum and liver triglyceride levels of all dietary groups were lowered markedly by feeding oyster or clam. The activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, malic enzyme and acetyl-CoA carboxylase were markedly reduced in the basal groups fed oyster or clam. These effects were observed in 5 and 10% shellfish feeding. These shellfish may be considered hypolipidemic foods.