Effect of feeding strategically blended feed pellets on rumen fermentation and nutrient digestion

Abstract

. 2015. Effect of feeding strategically blended feed pellets on rumen fermentation and nutrient digestion. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 95: 243Á254. Five rumen-cannulated heifers (631931 kg) were used in a 5 )5 Latin square design to evaluate the effect of feeding blended by-product feed pellets (BP) on rumen fermentation and nutrient utilization. Four BP were formulated to be high in starch (HS) or fat (HF) and either low (LSP) or high (HSP) in soluble crude protein. The control diet consisted of 49.1% forage and 50.9% barley-based concentrate. Treatments were 50.3% forage and 49.7% BP (DM). Heifers fed HF BP had higher (P 00.05) mean pH values than those fed the control diet and tended (P00.07) to have higher mean pH than those fed the HS BP. Feeding HF BP decreased (PB0.05) rumen propionate concentration without affecting acetate or total volatile fatty acid concentration. Rumen ammonia-nitrogen (N) levels and digestibility of crude protein was highest (PB0.05) for HS, intermediate for HF, and the lowest for the control. Feeding HF BP reduced (PB0.05) gross energy digestibility and digestible energy content relative to both the control and HS diets while both BP increased (PB0.01) their extract digestibility compared with the control. There was minimal effect of pellet soluble crude protein content. Total N excretion (% of N intake) was not affected (P0.05) by treatment. These results indicate that BP had no adverse effects on rumen fermentation or apparent nutrient digestibility and did not result in issues with excess nutrient excretion. As such BP can be used as an alternative energy source in backgrounding diets to cereal grains and can help counteract volatility in feed grain prices. Cinq ge´nisses canule´es au rumen (631931 kg) ont e´te´utilise´es dans une expe´rience de carre´latin 5x5 pour e´valuer les effets de l'alimentation par granule´s de produits de´rive´s me´lange´s (BP Á « by-product feed pellets ») sur la fermentation du rumen et l'utilisation des e´le´ments nutritifs. Quatre BP ont e´te´formule´s pour avoir une forte teneur en amidon (HS Á « high starch ») ou en gras (HF Á « high fat ») et soit faible teneur en prote´ines brutes solubles (LSP Á « low soluble crude protein ») ou forte teneur en prote´ines brutes solubles (HSP Á « high soluble crude protein »). La die`te te´moin consistait de 49,1 % de fourrage et 50,9 % de concentre´a`base d'orge. Les traitements e´taient de 50,3 % de fourrage et 49,7 % BP (matie`res se`ches [DM Á « dry matter »]). Les ge´nisses ayant rec¸u les BP HF avaient des valeurs moyennes de pH plus e´leve´es (P00,05) que celles ayant rec¸u la die`te te´moin, et tendaient (P00,07) vers des valeurs moyennes de pH plus e´leve´es que celles ayant rec¸u les BP HS. L'alimentation aux BP HF a diminue´(PB0,05) la concentration de propionate dans le rumen sans avoir d'effet sur les concentrations d'ace´tate ou d'acides gras volatils totaux (VFA Á « volatile fatty acids »). Les niveaux d'ammoniac-azote (N) et de digestibilite´des prote´ines brutes (CP Á « crude proteins ») dans le rumen ...

Effects of the Use of Rice Grain on Growth Performances, Blood Metabolites, Rumen Fermentation, and Rumen Microbial Community in Fattening Hanwoo Steers

“…Similar to the findings of Yoo et al [ 10 ], our study showed no significant difference in NH 3 -N concentration between the groups fed with Corn TMR (7.12 mg/dL) and Rice TMR (7.33 mg/dL). Moreover, the ruminal NH 3 -N concentration in our study fell within the previously suggested optimal range for proper rumen fermentation (3.3 to 8.5 mg/dL) [ 23 ]. Regarding the VFA composition, the proportion of butyrate was higher in the Rice TMR group than in the Corn TMR group.…”

Effects of Red Ginseng Byproducts on Rumen Fermentation, Growth Performance, Blood Metabolites, and mRNA Expression of Heat Shock Proteins in Heat-Stressed Fattening Hanwoo Steers

“…Oh et al [ 38 ] reported that the rumen NH 3 -N concentration of fattening Hanwoo steer was in the range of approximately 4–15 mg/dL immediately after feeding. Ruminal NH 3 -N in the current study was within the range (3.3 to 8.5 mg/dL) previously reported as optimum for rumen fermentation [ 39 ]. There was no significant difference in VFA production between dietary groups (CON: 65.7 mM; GINSENG: 66.1 mM).…”

Evaluation of canola meal derived from Brassica juncea and Brassica napus on rumen fermentation and nutrient digestibility by feedlot heifers fed finishing diets

“…Spiehs and Varel (2009) reported similarly high N retention values ranging from 59.4 to 72.6 g d -1 when corn distillers by-products were fed to beef cattle. As well, Walter et al (2012) and Zenobi et al (2015) reported higher than expected N retention values when high protein feeds, such as DDGS or by-productbased pellets, were fed to growing and finishing cattle. The higher than expected N retention could be due to issues with experimental protocol such as N loss during drying of fecal samples or from urine samples.…”

“…On d 19, rumen fluid was collected every 2 h over 24 h. Days 21-24 were used for measurement of rumen pH using in-dwelling pH probes. From d 24 to the end of each period, cattle were fed at 95% of voluntary intake to assure consumption of all feed (Zenobi et al 2015). On d 26, urinary catheters were inserted, and total urine and fecal collections were carried out from d 27 to d 32.…”