Effect of Feeding a Corn Hybrid Selected for Leafiness as Silage or Grain to Lactating Dairy Cattle

Clark, P.W.; Kelm, S.C.; Endres, Márcia I.

doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(02)74114-3

Cited by 20 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Although studies highlight the qualities of the leafy materials (Johnson et al, 1999;Clark et al, 2002) for the hybrids evaluated in this study, the results indicate that the difference in the stalk/leaf ratio did not result in greater degradability of the forage. However, even in evaluations with leafy hybrids, it is possible to find results in which the greater proportion of leaves also did not affect forage quality (Nennich et al, 2003;Benefield et al, 2006).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…Ballard et al (2001) emphasized the superior forage of materials with a greater proportion of leaves as compared to hybrids with a greater percentage of stalk. American hybrids for silage with leafy genes (greater number of leaves above the ear) and brown midrib showed better fiber quality and greater digestibility of the entire plant (Clark et al, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of stage of maturity on bromatological quality of corn forage

et al. 2011

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-The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of stalk/leaf ratio and the stage of maturity on the digestibility of the corn plant. Hybrids AG1051, AG4051, AG5011, DOW2B710, DOW2C577, DOW2A525, NB7315 and P30F90 were used, harvested at the one-half milk line (½ ML), three-quarters milk line (¾ ML) and black layer (BL) stages.A randomized block design was used in an 8 (hybrids) × 3 (stages of maturity) factorial design, with three replications. The means generated were used for grouping into high and low stalk/leaf ratio and a new analysis of variance was generated in a 2 × 3 (two groups and three stages of maturity) factorial design. The whole plant and its stalk, leaf, husk, cob and grain components were incubated in situ in the rumen of three cows for determination of degradability of dry matter and degradable neutral detergent fiber. Stalk/leaf ratio did not influence neutral detergent fiber content or the degradability of dry matter and neutral detergent fiber of any of the components, except for the cob, in which the high ratio group had greater degradable neutral detergent fiber contents. There was a reduction in the degradability of all the parts, except for the stalk and cob, and an increase in the neutral detergent fiber contents of the vegetative parts, except for the stalk. Unlike the vegetative components, the neutral detergent fiber contents of the whole plant decreased throughout the stages evaluated. For degradable neutral detergent fiber, there was a reduction in the whole plant and in its components. The advance of maturity reduces the quality of the vegetative components; however, this loss in the entire plant is moderated by grain filling. Forage quality depends more on the quality of the components than on their proportions in the dry matter.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of stage of maturity on bromatological quality of corn forage

et al. 2011

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“…Recent unpublished data of Inra Lusignan showed that organic matter digestibility measured on wethers in digestibility crates ranged from 65.3 to 74.4% in a set of 232 registered early maize hybrids (mean value was 69.9%), and reached 76.8% in bm3 hybrids. Genetic variation in maize silage efficiency for milk or meat yield and quality was also proved in comparison (i) between normal hybrids [1,7,20], (ii) between normal and bm3 hybrids [4,5,17,26] and (iii) between normal and leafy hybrids [10,22,25] despite the fact that in these last experiments normal and leafy hybrids were not isogenic, and therefore the higher milk yield could not definitely be related to the leafy trait. Efficient methods are available for breeding maize of higher whole plant and cell wall digestibility.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Genetic variation of maize silage ingestibility in dairy cattle

2003

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-During a three-year experiment, twelve registered or experimental maize hybrids were investigated for their ingestibility in dairy cows. Their digestibility values in sheep were also available from simultaneous experiments. Significant intake differences were observed between maize hybrids, ranging from 14.4 to 17.9 kg·cow -1 ·day -1 . The highest intake was observed for the bm3 hybrid. Among normal hybrids, DK265 had a higher ingestibility than other hybrids. However, two recently registered hybrids and an experimental hybrid had only little lower values of intake than DK265. In vivo NDF digestibility explained about 50% of the intake variation (bm3 hybrid excluded), but in vitro cell wall digestibility (DINAGZ) explained only 25% of the intake in similar conditions. Ingestibility variation were probably related to both rate of cell wall degradation and friability traits, that are not relevantly measured through usual digestibility or lignin content estimates. ingestibility / maize / genetic variation / cell wall digestibility / lignin / breeding Résumé -Variabilité génétique de l'ingestibilité du maïs ensilage mesurée sur des vaches laitières. L'ingestibilité de douze hybrides de maïs, inscrits ou expérimentaux, a été étudiée sur vaches laitières au cours d'une expérimentation répartie sur trois années consécutives. Leurs valeurs de digestibilité sur moutons étaient également disponibles à partir d'expérimentations simultanées aux mesures sur vaches laitières. Des différences significatives d'ingestibilité ont été observées entre hybrides, comprises entre 14.4 et 17.9 kg·vache -1 ·jour -1 , l'hybride bm3 ayant la valeur la plus élevée. Au sein des hybrides normaux, DK265 avait une ingestibilité supérieure aux autres hybrides, mais un hybride récemment inscrit et un hybride expérimental avaient des valeurs d'ingestibilité proches. La digestibilité in vivo du NDF expliquait environ 50 % de la variabilité observée pour l'ingestibilité (hybride bm3 exclu), mais la digestibilité in vitro des parois estimée par le critère DINAGZ n'en expliquait dans les mêmes conditions que 25 %. La variabilité de l'ingestibilité est très probablement à relier autant à des caractéristiques de vitesse de dégradation et de friabilité des parois, non évaluées à travers les critères classiques, qu'à la digestibilité des parois proprement dite.ingestibilité / maïs / variabilité génétique / digestibilité des parois / lignine / amélioration génétique 489 * Corresponding author: barriere@lusignan.inra.fr.

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“…The lower milk yield was assumed to be related to a higher ruminal acidity in animals fed normal hybrids, that probably led to a decrease of cell wall digestion. Kuehn et al [128], Bal et al [20], Thomas et al [169], and Clark et al [67] compared grain or dual type hybrids, and leafy type hybrids. In the two first papers, DM intake, milk yield and milk components did not differ for cows fed the grain or the leafy hybrid.…”

Section: Genetic Resources Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic variation and breeding strategies for improved cell wall digestibility in annual forage crops. A review

et al. 2003

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-Forage plants are the basis of ruminant nutrition, and cell wall digestibility is the limiting factor of their feeding value. Cell wall digestibility is therefore "the" target for improving the feeding value of forage crops. Among annual forages, maize cropped for silage making is the most widely used, and much research in genetics, physiology and molecular biology of annual forages is devoted to maize. Sorghum, immature small grain cereals and straws of small grain cereals are also given to cattle. Some dicotyledons are or were also used, such as forage beets, kales, canola in temperate areas and amaranths in tropical and subtropical areas. Large genetic variation for cell wall digestibility was proved from both in vivo and in vitro experiments in numerous species. Among the regular maize hybrids (excluding brown-midrib ones), the NDF in vivo digestibility nearly doubled from 32.9 to 60.1%. Correlations between in vivo and in vitro estimates of cell wall digestibility were often close to 0.75, but in vitro estimates of cell wall digestibility significantly reduced the range of variation between genotypes. Despite lignin content is well known as the major factor making cell wall undigestible, breeding for a higher digestibility of plant only from a lignin content trait appeared impossible. Correlations between lignin content and cell wall digestibility were indeed greatly variable according to the genetic background. Moreover, enzymatic solubilities were excessively dependent on lignin, and correlation between in vivo estimates of cell wall digestibility and lignin content were always lower than correlation between in vitro estimates of cell wall digestibility and lignin content. Among brown-midrib genes, the bm3 mutant in maize, and the bmr12 (and possibly bmr18) mutant in sorghum, which are both altered in the COMT activity, appeared as the most efficient in cell wall digestibility improvement. Moreover, a great genetic variation in the efficiency of the maize bm3 gene for cell wall digestibility improvement was observed according to the genetic background, with a lower efficiency when the normal germplasm was of better cell wall digestibility. Efficient breeding maize and others annual forage plants demands a renewing of genetic resources. Because resources of interest in cell wall digestibility improvement could be of poor agronomic value, the best is likely to cell wall digestibility / ingestibility / annual forage / maize / genetic variation / breeding / lignin Résumé -Amélioration de la digestibilité des parois des fourrages annuels. Les plantes fourragères sont à la base de l'alimentation des ruminants, mais leur valeur nutritive est limitée par la digestibilité variable des parois végétales, dont l'amélioration est alors la cible essentielle des programmes de sé-lection. Parmi les fourrages annuels, le maïs est la plante la plus cultivée, et c'est sur cette espèce que porte l'essentiel de la recherche en génétique, physiologie et biologie moléculaire. Toutefois, le sorgho, les céréales à paill...

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Effect of Feeding a Corn Hybrid Selected for Leafiness as Silage or Grain to Lactating Dairy Cattle

Cited by 20 publications

References 15 publications

Influence of stage of maturity on bromatological quality of corn forage

Influence of stage of maturity on bromatological quality of corn forage

Genetic variation of maize silage ingestibility in dairy cattle

Genetic variation and breeding strategies for improved cell wall digestibility in annual forage crops. A review

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