Effect of feed level and supplementary rumen protected lysine and methionine on growth performance, rumen fermentation, blood metabolites and nitrogen balance in growing Tan lambs fed low protein diets

Hu, Liu; Yang, Guo; Degen, A. Allan; Ji, Kaixi; Jiao, Dan; Liang, Yanping; Xiao, Ling; Long, Ruijun; Zhou, Jianwei

doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2021.115024

Cited by 17 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Furthermore, yaks have 36 up-regulated genes related to VFA transport and absorption compared with cattle (Zhang et al, 2016), which could increase the rate of VFA absorption and reduce the ruminal concentration of VFAs. The linear decrease in ruminal pH with an increase in energy level is consistent with the linear increase in concentration of total VFAs (Liu et al, 2021b).…”

Section: Effect Of Dietary Energy On Rumen Fermentation Parameterssupporting

confidence: 79%

“…These findings could explain, at least in part, the greater ruminal concentration of VFAs in yaks than in cattle. The increase in concentration of ruminal total VFAs with increasing energy level was expected, as the non-fiber carbohydrate (NFC) contents of the concentrate increased ( Liu et al, 2021b ). A high-forage diet increased the molar proportion of acetate, whereas, a high concentrate diet increased the molar proportions of propionate and butyrate ( Wang et al, 2019a ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The VFAs concentration of rumen fluids was determined by gas chromatography (GC) with a capillary column (AT-FFAP: 30 m × 0.32 mm × 0.5 μm) using a Shimadzu 2010 plus system (Shimadzu Corporation, Kyoto, Japan) following Liu et al (2021b) . Ammonia-N concentration was analyzed using a spectrometer (SpectraMax M5, Molecular Devices, San Jose, United States) at an absorbance of 630 nm, following Hristov et al (2001) .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of rumen bacterial communities between yaks (Bos grunniens) and Qaidam cattle (Bos taurus) fed a low protein diet with different energy levels

et al. 2022

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The yak (Bos grunniens), an indigenous bovine on the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau (QTP), is reported to digest low quality forage to a greater extent and to require less protein and energy for maintenance than the introduced Qaidam cattle (Bos taurus). Ruminal bacteria play a major role in feed degradation, and therefore, we hypothesized that ruminal bacteria composition would differ between yaks and cattle, and confer an advantage to yaks for poor quality diets. To test our hypothesis, we determined the ruminal bacteria profiles, rumen fermentation parameters, and enzyme activities in these bovine species consuming a low-protein diet differing in energy level. Six castrated yaks (155 ± 5.8 kg) and 6 castrated Qaidam cattle (154 ± 8.0 kg) were used in two concurrent 4 × 4 Latin square designs with 2 additional animals of each species in each period. The animals were offered a low-protein diet of 70.4 g/kg dry matter (DM) and one of four metabolizable energy levels, namely 6.62, 8.02, 9.42, and 10.80 MJ/kg. Ruminal pH, concentrations of ammonia-N and total volatile fatty acids (VFAs), the molar proportion of acetate, and the ratio of acetate to propionate (A:P) were greater (P < 0.05), whereas the molar proportion of propionate was lesser (P = 0.043) in yaks than in cattle. With increasing dietary energy level, ruminal pH, the molar proportion of acetate and the ratio of A:P decreased linearly (P < 0.05), whereas, the concentration of total VFAs, molar proportions of propionate, butyrate, iso-butyrate, and iso-valerate and concentration of ammonia-N increased linearly (P < 0.05). The relative abundance (RA) of Firmicutes increased linearly (P < 0.01), whereas, the RA of Bacteroidetes decreased linearly (P < 0.001) with increasing energy level in both bovine species. The RAs of Prevotella and Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group decreased linearly (P < 0.05) with increasing energy level in both yaks and cattle. The RAs of fibrolytic (e.g., Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group), and H2-incorporating (e.g., Quinella) bacteria were greater (P < 0.05) in yaks than in cattle. We concluded that the two bovines differ in ruminal bacterial profiles and rumen fermentation parameters, and confer an advantage to yaks over cattle in consuming a low protein diet with differing energy level.

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Section: Effect Of Dietary Energy On Rumen Fermentation Parameterssupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of rumen bacterial communities between yaks (Bos grunniens) and Qaidam cattle (Bos taurus) fed a low protein diet with different energy levels

et al. 2022

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“…Ruminal VFA concentrations were measured by gas chromatography (GC) with a capillary column (AT-FFAP: 30 m × 0.32 mm × 0.5 μm) in a Shimadzu 2010 plus system (Shimadzu Corporation, Kyoto, Japan) following Liu et al. (2021) .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparison of average daily gain, apparent digestibilities, energy balance, rumen fermentation parameters, and serum metabolites between yaks (Bos grunniens) and Qaidam cattle (Bos taurus) consuming diets differing in energy level

Zhou²,

Degen³

et al. 2023

Animal Nutrition

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“…Positive relationships between birth weight and daily live weight gain and between birth weight and weaning weight have been previously reported, indicating that heavier progeny at birth grow faster than lighter progeny [ 63 , 64 ]. Methionine supplementation has been reported to improve the mitochondrial metabolism and the immune function in the newborns [ 36 , 65 , 66 ], leading to an improved postnatal development [ 35 , 67 ]. Whether the preweaning growth differences between treatments would lead to faster post-weaning development, enhanced metabolic function, the onset of puberty, and, consequently, better reproductive efficiency during their first pregnancy is yet to be determined.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methionine Supplementation during Pregnancy of Goats Improves Kids’ Birth Weight, Body Mass Index, and Postnatal Growth Pattern

Castillo-Gutierrez

Hernández-Arteaga

Flores

et al. 2022

Biology

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The last third of gestation is a period of high energy and protein demand for the dam to support fetal growth and the following onset of lactation. Methionine is an essential amino acid that contributes to protein formation, fetal development, and milk synthesis; thus, is likely to have positive effects on the weight and size of the newborn and, afterward, milk yield and milk composition, which may improve growth patterns of the progeny. To test these hypotheses, we used 60 pregnant multiparous Alpine goats with similar live weights and gestational ages (~Day 100 of pregnancy; Mean ± SD; 1410 ± 14 days old and 50.4 ± 6.6 kg) and were separated into two groups: control and supplemented with the delivery. Treatments were T-MET (n = 30; received 1% herbal methionine Optimethione® dry matter based on from Day 100 of the pregnancy to delivery) or T-CTL (n = 30; served as the control and did not receive methionine). The methionine powder provided individual supplementation and was adjusted every week as the live weight and dry matter intake changed. At birth, the weight, body mass index (BMI), birth type, and sex of the kids were determined. Subsequently, the progeny was weighed weekly up to weaning. Two weeks after parturition, the milk composition was recorded weekly, and the milk yield was recorded monthly. The maternal live weight at the start (Mean ± SEM; T-CTL: 50.5 ± 1.1 vs. T-MET: 50.3 ± 1.3 kg) and end (T-CTL: 54.2 ± 1.3 vs. T-MET: 52.8 ± 1.4 kg) of the experiment did not differ statistically among treatments (p > 0.05); however, daily live weight changes tended to differ between groups (T-CTL: 73 ± 10 vs. T-MET: 51 ± 7 g day−1; p = 0.06). The birth weight (T-CTL: 3.1 ± 0.1 vs. T-MET: 3.5 ± 0.1 kg; p < 0.001), daily live weight change (T-CTL: 121 ± 6 vs. T-MET: 141 ± 6 g day−1; p < 0.01), and weaning weight (T-CTL: 8.3 ± 0.2 vs. T-MET: 9.3 ± 0.3 kg; p < 0.01) differed between treatments. The BMI at birth (T-CTL: 0.28 ± 0.01 vs. T-MET: 0.3 ± 0.01 units kg m−2; p < 0.01) and at weaning (T-CTL: 0.85 ± 0.1 kg vs. T-MET: 1.00 ± 0.06 units kg m−2; p < 0.05) differed between treatments. Milk components (protein, fat, lactose, and solids non-fat) and milk yield were similar between treatments (p > 0.05). It is concluded that the inclusion of methionine in the maternal goat diet during the last third of gestation increases the birth and growth variables of the progeny but without significant influence on the milk yield and composition.

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Effect of feed level and supplementary rumen protected lysine and methionine on growth performance, rumen fermentation, blood metabolites and nitrogen balance in growing Tan lambs fed low protein diets

Cited by 17 publications

References 51 publications

Comparison of rumen bacterial communities between yaks (Bos grunniens) and Qaidam cattle (Bos taurus) fed a low protein diet with different energy levels

Comparison of rumen bacterial communities between yaks (Bos grunniens) and Qaidam cattle (Bos taurus) fed a low protein diet with different energy levels

A comparison of average daily gain, apparent digestibilities, energy balance, rumen fermentation parameters, and serum metabolites between yaks (Bos grunniens) and Qaidam cattle (Bos taurus) consuming diets differing in energy level

Methionine Supplementation during Pregnancy of Goats Improves Kids’ Birth Weight, Body Mass Index, and Postnatal Growth Pattern

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