Effect of feed enzymes and functional immunostimulants supplementation on growth performance and overall health of postlarvae and juvenile Pacific white shrimp, Penaeus vannamei, fed soybean‐based diets

Abstract

Soybean meal (SBM) is widely used in shrimp feed agro‐industry as a fish meal (FM) replacement. However, high levels of SBM may compromise animal health as a result of nutrient imbalance. This study aimed to investigate the effects of feed enzyme combination (a mixture of 6‐phytase, serine protease, and endo‐1,3(4)‐β‐glucanase) and functional immunostimulant combination (a mixture of brewer's yeast, nucleotides, vitamin C, and vitamin E) in improving the overall health of Pacific white shrimp fed soybean‐based diet. Four diets were formulated with different amounts of SBM, FM, and poultry meal (PM): 0% SBM (with 25% FM and 12.6% PM), 30% SBM (with 12.5% FM and 5.7% PM), 30% SBM plus 0.045% feed enzymes, and 30% SBM plus 0.1% functional immunostimulants. The postlarvae were fed the test diets for 45 days. Then, the body weight, survival, FCR, Vibrio spp. count, and immune responses were analyzed. The resistance of shrimp to Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection was also evaluated. The results suggest that the diet with 30% SBM was deleterious to the shrimp's health. Feed enzymes and functional immunostimulant supplements improved overall performance, immune function, and resistance to V. parahaemolyticus infection of shrimp fed the diet containing 30% SBM compared with the 30% SBM diet without feed supplements.

Effects of tributyrin on the growth performance, survival, tolerance to hypoxic stress, and nutrient digestibility of Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, fed different levels of soybean meal

“…The present study revealed the detrimental effects of high SBM diets (50% SBM) on the Pacific white shrimp in nearly all parameters investigated, including poorer growth performance, lower survival rate, and higher FCR, which were in agreement with previous findings (Chuchird et al, 2023; Yao et al, 2020; Yun et al, 2017). Similarly, the capabilities to resist hypoxic stress and nutrient digestibility were also reduced when the shrimp were fed 50% SBM compared with the 25% SBM irrespective of the tributyrin inclusion rate.…”

Dietary Supplementation of a Mixture of Nucleotides, β-Glucan and Vitamins C and E Improved the Growth and Health Performance of Olive Flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus

“…5 Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 (relative expression). 6 Feed intake (g/fish) = Dry feed consumed/fish number. 7 Feed conversion ratio = Dry feed intake/Wet weight gain.…”

“…Naturally originated substances such as plant extracts, prebiotics and probiotics have been shown to convey promising outcomes as immunostimulants [3,4]. Numerous studies have shown that specific nutrients, including amino acids, fatty acids, nucleotides, vitamins and minerals, significantly boost animal immune functions [5,6].…”

Benefits of Alginate and Spirulina Supplementation to the Growth and Resistance Against Salinity Exposure in Litopenaues vannamei Post-Larvae

“…Daily siphoning was conducted to disperse the remaining feed and maintain water quality. A study by Chuchird et al (2023) noted that the survival rates of L. vannamei post-larvae in control and shrimp treated with enzymes and functional immunostimulant supplementation were similar. In addition, similar to this present research, the survival rate of shrimp PL obtained 79-81% since it acclimated at 25 ppt (Anand et al, 2023).…”