Effect of Fault Ride Through Capability on Electric Vehicle Charging Station Under Critical Voltage Conditions

Flexible Interlinking Converter With Enhanced FRT Capability for On-Board DC Microgrids

“…From (13) it turns out that, for fixed λ and n, Gdo is directly increased by a large kvalue and decreased by a large ωsw-value. Moreover, (14) suggests that ω0 is proportional to k and ωr, while a large ωswvalue increases M in (15) and N in (21); Λ in ( 16) increases with ωr. These observations/conclusions constitute the basic tool for the design of the optimal/desired performance of the systemin terms of the frequency domain response analysis [27] of the TFs in (12) and (20).…”

“…The merits of this converter over conventional ones are the inherent redundancy, the current-fed control that facilitates self-balancing of the capacitors, the low device ratings, the very low output harmonic distortion, the scalability and the possibility of common dc-bus configuration for multidrive applications; on the contrary, the practical bottlenecks that may prohibit the use of the MMC for higher voltage and power levels (as reported in [18]) are: the voltage stresses across the flying capacitors that may lead to a bulky capacitor bank, the operational limitations due to the complex charging pattern and the hard switching characteristics (that limit the increase of the switching frequency in practice). It is worth noting that the common characteristic of interest, regarding the above-mentioned solutions, is their default inability of providing FRTC (due to the magnetic coupling of the transformer-based converters and the voltage fed circuitry/configuration in combination with the different state of charge of the capacitors in each sub-module of the multilevel topologies); however, FRTC constitutes a critical/important feature of the contemporary standards regarding the power quality in DC MGs [20], [21].…”

Charging station quantity planning model based on neural network and electric load forecasting model

“…Because the load of EV has many unique load characteristics, there are many differences between the load influencing factors of EV charging station and the traditional power load influencing factors. In addition to considering the user's charging demand, the number planning of charging stations should also fully analyze the construction and operation economy of charging stations, optimize the power of charging stations as much as possible under the premise of ensuring the user's charging demand, reduce the quantity of charging stations, reduce the construction and operation costs, effectively enhance the participation of operators and users, and ensure the normal development of the charging market 12 . The load of EV charging station is closely related to the energy consumption of EV.…”