Effect of fat and carbohydrate composition on the gastric emptying of isocaloric feedings in premature infants

Siegel, Myron; Krantz, Bridget; Lebenthal, Emanuel

doi:10.1016/0016-5085(85)90573-6

Cited by 85 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…A nasogastric tube was then inserted and the intragastric contents were aspirated as completely as possible. Our previous experiments showed that the discrepancy in volume between the simple aspiration done by us and the marker dilution technique with polyethylene glycol (PEG) [12] was less than 20 % when the estimated volume was greater than 10 ml. First, the relationship between ACSA and milk volume was evaluated and, second, multivariate analysis was conducted to determine the possible influence of intragastric gas on the milk volume/ACSA relationship.…”

Section: Correlation Between a Csa And Intragastric Milk Volume In Inmentioning

confidence: 97%

Ultrasonographic assessment of intragastric volume in neonates: Factors affecting the relationship between intragastric volume and antral cross-sectional area

et al. 1996

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Measuring antral cross-sectional area by ultrasonography can be an ideal way to evaluate intragastric milk volume in infants. Technical details, however, remain to be established before its clinical application. We investigated the effects of posture and ultrasonographic plane on the correlation between milk volume and antral cross-sectional area. After gastric aspiration through a nasogastric tube, healthy newborns were fed 0, 10, 20, and 40 ml of milk cumulatively, and antral cross-sectional area was measured in either upright, sitting, or right lateral position. To determine the best sonographic plane, subjects were put in the right lateral position and antral cross-sectional area was measured in the plane of the aorta and either the superior mesenteric artery, the superior mesenteric vein, the midline of the abdominal surface, 1 cm right of midline, or 2 cm right of midline. The results showed that antral cross-sectional area reflects intragastric milk volume most accurately, with minimal gas interference when measured in the right lateral position. The area correlates well with milk volume in the plane of the aorta and either the superior mesenteric artery, the superior mesenteric vein, or the midline. Next, we studied the effect of intragastric gas on the antral cross-sectional area in subjects who were given 40 ml of milk followed by an injection of air. More than 20 ml of intragastric gas increases antral cross-sectional area significantly. Ultrasonographic evaluation of intragastric volume requires attention to the above factors.

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Section: Correlation Between a Csa And Intragastric Milk Volume In Inmentioning

confidence: 97%

Ultrasonographic assessment of intragastric volume in neonates: Factors affecting the relationship between intragastric volume and antral cross-sectional area

et al. 1996

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“…Estudos demonstraram que a maior viscosidade do alimento reduz os episódios de RGE 15,16,[19][20][21] . O espessamento da dieta pode ser realizado através de fórmulas anti-regurgitação e da adição de hidratos de carbono (amido de cereais) ao leite 22 . Soluções de alta osmolaridade diminuem o esvaziamento gástrico 23 e aumentam a freqüência de episódios de RGE 24 .…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Comparison between pre-thickened and home-thickened formulas in gastroesophageal reflux treatment

Penna¹,

Carvalho²,

Pompeu³

et al. 2003

J Pediatr (Rio J)

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Objective: the purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of a pre-thickened infant formula (Nan AR) with a conventional homemade formula in the reduction of regurgitation and vomiting in infants with gastroesophageal reflux.Methods: a hundred children, under 12 months, not exclusively breast feeding, were select for the study. Forty-eight were treated with conventional formula with starch and 52 with pre-thickened infant formula.Results: there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in the improvement or cure of symptoms, each treatment having been effective. Conclusions ResumoObjetivo: o presente estudo foi realizado com o objetivo de comparar a eficácia de uma fórmula infantil pré-espessada (Nan AR) com fórmula convencional, de espessamento caseiro, com amido de milho, na redução de episódios de regurgitações e vômitos de lactentes com refluxo gastroesofágico (RGE).Métodos: foram estudadas 100 crianças, menores de 12 meses de idade, que não faziam uso de leite materno exclusivo. Por sorteio, 48 receberam fórmula convencional, e 52 receberam fórmula infantil pré-espessada (Nan AR), com comparação dos resultados clínicos após 3 meses.Resultados: não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa na melhora ou cura dos sintomas entre os dois grupos, tendo sido ambos os tratamentos eficazes.Conclusões: o espessamento dietético, seja com fórmulas infantis especiais, seja com medidas caseiras, tem eficácia semelhante no tratamento do refluxo gastroesofágico do lactente. O refluxo gastroesofágico (RGE), definido como o fluxo retrógrado involuntário do conteúdo gástrico para o esôfago, constitui uma das três principais causas de consulta em gastroenterologia pediátrica, sendo responsável por 75% das doenças do esôfago 1 . Pode ser fisiológico ou patológico, dependendo das complicações associadas.O RGE fisiológico é comum nos primeiros meses de vida, mas pode ocorrer em qualquer faixa etária. As regurgitações pós-alimentares surgem entre o nascimento e os

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“…These studies thus support the theory that feeding young human subjects casein-predominant milk formulas results in slower gastric emptying than when they are fed milk that has whey as the predominant protein. The limitation of these studies, however, is that they were not controlled for the amount of other nutrients in the types of milk evaluated, which are known to affect the rate of gastric emptying in humans (21,22). For example, medium-chain fatty acids have been shown to empty faster from the stomach than long-chain fatty acids, and glucose and lactose empty slower than glucose polymers in preterm infants (21).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The limitation of these studies, however, is that they were not controlled for the amount of other nutrients in the types of milk evaluated, which are known to affect the rate of gastric emptying in humans (21,22). For example, medium-chain fatty acids have been shown to empty faster from the stomach than long-chain fatty acids, and glucose and lactose empty slower than glucose polymers in preterm infants (21). Nonisotonic duodenal contents have been shown to slow gastric emptying in adults (22).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Similar Gastric Emptying Rates for Casein- and Whey-Predominant Formulas in Preterm Infants

et al. 1994

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Effect of fat and carbohydrate composition on the gastric emptying of isocaloric feedings in premature infants

Cited by 85 publications

References 25 publications

Ultrasonographic assessment of intragastric volume in neonates: Factors affecting the relationship between intragastric volume and antral cross-sectional area

Ultrasonographic assessment of intragastric volume in neonates: Factors affecting the relationship between intragastric volume and antral cross-sectional area

Comparison between pre-thickened and home-thickened formulas in gastroesophageal reflux treatment

Similar Gastric Emptying Rates for Casein- and Whey-Predominant Formulas in Preterm Infants

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