Effect of extruded linseed supplementation on blood metabolic profile and milk performance of Saanen goats

Abstract

This study assessed the effects of dietary supplementation with extruded linseed on milk yield and composition, milk fatty acid (FA) profile and renal and hepatic metabolism of grazing goats in mid-lactation. Forty Saanen goats were divided into two isoproductive groups: one group was fed the control diet (CON) composed of hay and pelleted concentrate and the other group was supplemented with additional 180 g/day of extruded linseed (LIN; dry matter basis), which supplied 70 g/day of fat per head for 9 weeks. Animals grazed on pasture for ,3 h/day after the first of the 2 daily milkings. Milk samples were collected weekly and analyzed for fat, protein, lactose, milk urea nitrogen (MUN) and somatic cell count. Blood samples were collected every 2 weeks and analyzed for total bilirubin, creatinine, aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), gamma glutamyl transpeptidase, alkaline phosphatase, total protein and urea nitrogen. Milk yield was higher in the LIN than in the CON group (2369 v. 2052 g/day). LIN group had higher milk fat (37.7 v. 33.4 g/kg) and protein (30.7 v. 29.1 g/kg) concentration and lower MUN (35.0 v. 43.3 mg/dl) than CON group. Goats fed LIN had greater proportions of 18:1 trans11, 18:2 cis9trans11 and total polyunsatured fatty acids n-3 in milk fat, because of higher 18:3n-3 and 20:5n-3 FA, and lower proportions of short-and medium-chain FAs than goats fed CON. All kidney and liver function biomarkers in serum did not differ between dietary groups, except for AST and ALT, which tended to differ. Extruded linseed supplementation to grazing mid-lactating goats for 2 months can enhance the milk performance and nutritional profile of milk lipids, without altering the general hepatic and renal metabolism.

Effect of hemp seed oil supplementation on plasma lipid profile, liver function, milk fatty acid, cholesterol, and vitamin A concentrations in Carpathian goats

“…A lack of negative effect of HSO supplementation on liver function was also confirmed by the absence of alteration of ALAT activity in plasma of goats fed the HSO diet. In contrast to our results, Nudda et al (2013) reported an increase in ALAT activity when goats were fed a ryegrass hay-based diet supplemented with 10.5% extruded linseed and these authors suggested that an increase in ALAT concentration could be related to a higher milk secretion and, consequently, a higher liver turnover metabolic rate in goats.…”

“…Increased availability of propionate and microbial protein could influence the nutritional physiology of the lactating ruminants and enhance milk protein secretion (Jenkins and McGuire 2006). Furthermore, in our study, an increased microbial protein availability in the intestine of goats fed the HSO diet could be due to the defaunation effect of PUFA provided in high amounts by HSO on rumen protozoa (Nudda et al 2013).…”

“…Similarly, Nudda et al (2013) reported no influence on plasma γ-GT when the goats were fed a ryegrass hay-based diet supplemented with 10.5% extruded linseed. In disagreement with our results, Bianchi et al (2014) reported evidence of an increase in γ-GT activity when dairy ewes were fed silage-based diets supplemented with 6.0% palm oil for 120 days.…”

Immune and oxidative response to linseed in the diet of periparturient Holstein cows

“…Extensive research with dietary n-3 fatty acid sources has focused on changing milk fatty acid composition (Shingfield et al, 2005;Lejonkleva et al, 2013;Nudda et al, 2013;Gallardo et al, 2014), disregarding the effect of n-3 fatty acids on the immune system or oxidative stress in dairy cows. The aim of this research was to determine the influence of dietary replacement of n-6 with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) on cellular immunity and oxidative stress in the transition period of dairy cows.…”

Effect of TRH and TSH on Circulatory Glucose and Fatty Acids Responses in Hypoinsulenemic Male Dwarf Goats

“…Hyperthyroidism in growing sheep modifies the ability of insulin to regulate metabolism [3]. The daily supplementation of low doses of KI that enhanced thyroid activity showed improved insulin sensitivity and decreased blood urea nitrogen in dairy goats [4]. The studies on relationship of diabetic or insulin insufficiency condition on thyroid responses had also been done broadly.…”