Effect of Extremely Low Frequency Electromagnetic Fields on Expression of<i>T-bet</i>and<i>GATA-3</i>Genes and Serum Interferon-γ and Interleukin-4

Sobhanifard, Mahsa; Eftekharian, Mohammad Mahdi; Solgi, Ghasem; Nikzad, Safoora; Salehi, Iraj; Sani, Karim Ghazikhanlou; Ganji, Maziar; Zamani, Alireza

doi:10.1089/jir.2018.0105

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…It is well established that TT genotype of IL-4 T (− 590) C corresponds to high level of IL-4 serum and mRNA production in vivo as well as in vitro. The same is true for IL-4 C (− 590) C for low levels, and TC for putative intermediate protein levels 22,50 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 66%

Analysis of the frequency of single nucleotide polymorphisms in cytokine genes in patients with New Onset Diabetes After Transplant

Jahromi

Al-Otaibi²,

Gheith

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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New Onset Diabetes After Transplantation (NODAT) is a serious metabolic complication. While β-cell dysfunction is considered the main contributing factor in the development of NODAT, the precise pathogenesis is not well understood. Cytokines are thought to be involved in the inflammation of islet β-cells in diabetes; however, few studies have investigated this hypothesis in NODAT. A total of 309 kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) were included in this study. An association between kidney transplants, and the development of diabetes after transplant (NODAT) was investigated. Comparison was made between KTRs who develop diabetes (NODAT cases) or did not develop diabetes (control), using key cytokines, IL-6 G (− 174)C, macrophage mediator; IL-4 C (− 490)T, T helper (Th)-2 cytokine profile initiator; Th-1 cytokine profile initiator interferon-γ T (+ 874) A gene and TGF β1 C (+ 869) T gene polymorphisms were investigated. The genes were amplified using well-established polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques in our laboratory. Compared to the AA and AT genotypes of interferon gamma (IFNG), there was a strong association between the TT genotype of IFNG and NODAT kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) versus non-NODAT KTRs (p = 0.005). The AA genotype of IFNG was found to be predominant in the control group (p = 0.004). Also, significant variations of IL6 G (− 174) C, IL-4 C (− 590) T, interferon-γ T (+ 874) A gene and transforming growth factor β1 C (+ 869) T may contribute to NODAT. Our data is consistent with theTh-1/T-reg pathway of immunity. Further larger pan Arab studies are required to confirm our findings.

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confidence: 66%

Analysis of the frequency of single nucleotide polymorphisms in cytokine genes in patients with New Onset Diabetes After Transplant

Jahromi

Al-Otaibi²,

Gheith

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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“…36 In addition, our previous study indicates that 50 Hz EMFs with a density of 100 µT decreases the rat serum level of IFN-γ, the signature cytokine for the Th1 involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune disorders. 27 In contrast, Ikdea, et al, report that the levels of TNF-α is not significantly changed in h-PBMCs after a 6-hour exposure to 50 Hz 100-and 500-μT EMFs. 25 Furthermore, in one of our previous studies, it was shown that the level of IL-6 by the whole spleen culture and total blood culture of rats exposed to 50 Hz EMFs was not significantly different.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…24,25 In our previous studies, the effects of 50 Hz EMFs were investigated on some cytokines levels such as IFN-γ, transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), IL-4, IL-6, IL-9, IL-10, IL-12, and IL-17 in pre-and post-immunization phases. [26][27][28] The current study was conducted to determine if exposure to 50 Hz EMFs with flux densities of 1, 100,…”

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confidence: 99%

Effects of Various Densities of 50 Hz Electromagnetic Field on Serum IL-9, IL-10, and TNF-α Levels

Mahaki

Jabarivasal

Sardanian

et al. 2020

Int J Occup Environ Med

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Background: Extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMFs) are abundantly produced in modern societies. In recent years, interest in the possible effects of ELF-EMFs on the immune system has progressively increased. Objective: To examine the effects of ELF-EMFs with magnetic flux densities of 1, 100, 500, and 2000 µT on the serum levels of interleukin (IL)-9, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). Methods: 80 adult male rats were exposed to ELF-EMFs at a frequency of 50 Hz for 2 h/day for 60 days. The serum cytokines were measured at two phases of pre- and post-stimulation of the immune system by human serum albumin (HSA). Results: Serum levels of IL-9 and TNF-α, as pro-inflammatory cytokines, were decreased due to 50 Hz EMFs exposure compared with the controls in the pre- and post-stimulation phases. On the contrary, exposures to 1 and 100 µT 50 Hz EMFs increased the levels of antiinflammatory cytokine, and IL-10 only in the pre-stimulation phase. In the post-stimulation phase, the mean level of serum IL-10 was not changed in the experimental groups. Conclusion: The magnetic flux densities of 1 and 100 µT 50 Hz EMFs had more immunological effects than EMFs with higher densities. Exposure to 50 Hz EMFs may activate anti-inflammatory effects in rats, by down-modulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-9 and TNF-α) and induction of the anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10).

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“…To activate BM cells, all the rats received human serum albumin. The rats were fed with standard food pellets and drank tap water ad libitum (12)(13)(14)(15)(16). The protocol of the study was compliant with the national guidelines for using animals and was approved by the Ethics Committee of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran (Code: UMSHA/P/16/35/9/6829).…”

Section: Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of 50-Hz Magnetic Fields on Argyrophilic Nucleolar Organizer Regions in Bone Marrow Cells

Rafiee

Abbasi

Alikhani

et al. 2021

Avicenna J Pharm Res

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Background: Exposure to an increasing amount of extremely low-frequency magnetic fields (MFs) causes some adverse effects. Considering a direct association between the sizes and numbers of argyrophilic nucleolar organizer regions (AgNORs) and cell proliferation, this study was conducted to evaluate the effect of 50-Hz MFs on the AgNORs of bone marrow (BM) cells. Methods: Eighty male rats were randomly divided into four exposed groups and one control group. The exposed groups received 50-Hz MFs with magnetic flux densities of 1, 100, 500, and 2000 µT two hours a day for two months. BM cells were aspirated from sacrificed rats’ femoral bones, smeared on glass slides, and then stained with silver nitrate for AgNORs. The area (AA), length (AL), and number (AN) of AgNORs were calculated by a microscope equipped with a camera and Scion Image software in 100 BM cells of each rat. The mean of AA, AL, and AN was computed for each group. Results: AA, AL, and AN significantly reduced in the 1 µT group compared with 2000 µT and control groups. Eventually, there was a nonlinear relationship between the effect of 50-Hz MFs and magnetic flux densities. Conclusion: Overall, 50-Hz MFs with a magnetic flux density of 1 µT reduced AgNORs in BM cells. However, 100, 500, and 2000 µT did not affect AgNORs. Therefore, 50-Hz MFs with low density may suppress BM cell proliferation.

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Effect of Extremely Low Frequency Electromagnetic Fields on Expression ofT-betandGATA-3Genes and Serum Interferon-γ and Interleukin-4

Cited by 9 publications

References 25 publications

Analysis of the frequency of single nucleotide polymorphisms in cytokine genes in patients with New Onset Diabetes After Transplant

Analysis of the frequency of single nucleotide polymorphisms in cytokine genes in patients with New Onset Diabetes After Transplant

Effects of Various Densities of 50 Hz Electromagnetic Field on Serum IL-9, IL-10, and TNF-α Levels

Effect of 50-Hz Magnetic Fields on Argyrophilic Nucleolar Organizer Regions in Bone Marrow Cells

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