Olive oils extracted from Italian cultivars in South West Calabria, Southern Italy were analyzed for their triglyceride composition, for three successive harvest years 2005-2006-2007. Three autochthonous cultivars from Calabria (Cassanese, Ottobratica and Sinopolese) and seven allochtonous cultivars (Coratina, Itrana, Leccino, Nocellara Messinese, Nociara, Pendolino and Picholine) were considered. All cultivars showed a trilinolein content 0.10% of the total triglycerides, the equivalent carbon number 42 (ECN 42 ) content was always less than 0.75% of the total triglycerides. Triolein ranged from a minimum of 28.60% AE 2.12 in Nocellara Messinese to a maximum of 48.25% AE 2.67 found in Coratina. This work demonstrates the presence of significant differences (ANOVA) for the different triglyceride compounds present in these olive oils, taking into consideration the cultivar and the harvest year.Practical applications: Practical applications for the study entitled "Influence of cultivar and harvest year on triglyceride composition of olive oils produced in Calabria (Southern Italy)" regard the possibility of knowing the triglyceridic composition of olive oil produced in South West Calabria (Southern Italy) from ten cultivars, three autochtonous from Calabria: Cassanese, Ottobratica and Sinopolese and seven allochtonous cultivars: Coratina, Itrana, Leccino, Nocellara Messinese, Nociara, Pendolino and Picholine. It is very important to understand if and how cultivar and harvest year influence the triglyceridic composition. In addition, the adaptability of the allochthonous cultivars in a different geographical context can be also evaluated by comparing olive oil triglyceride data between autochthonous and allochthonous cultivars.