Effect of extraction methods on kinetic, chemical composition and antibacterial activities of Tunisian <i>Thymus vulgaris</i>. L. essential oil

Benmoussa, Hasnia; Elfalleh, Walid; Farhat, Asma; Bachoual, Rafik; Nasfi, Zina; Romdhane, Mehrez

doi:10.1080/01496395.2016.1201507

Cited by 17 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Several studies investigated the comparison of the aroma profile composition using these two techniques [ 33 , 34 , 35 ]. The study of Benmoussa [ 36 ] evidenced a decrease of carvacrol in the EO of Thymus vulgaris ‘carvacrol’ chemotype when SD was performed (76.2%) instead of HD (89.2%). This latter method however revealed a lesser number of identified peaks.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crop Yield and Essential Oil Composition of Two Thymus vulgaris Chemotypes along Three Years of Organic Cultivation in a Hilly Area of Central Italy

et al. 2021

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Thymus vulgaris L. is one of the most commonly used medicinal and aromatic plants (MAPs), owing to a range of therapeutic properties of its essential oil. Plant growth, biomass yield, essential oil content and composition are influenced by chemotype, environmental conditions, cultivation techniques and vegetative development. Since in MAPs cultivation special attention is paid on high quality of raw material, the adoption of sustainable agriculture methods is of pivotal importance. Therefore, we evaluated the agronomic and qualitative performances of two Thymus vulgaris L. chemotypes, organically cultivated under the Mediterranean climate of hilly lands of central Italy for three consecutive years (2017–2019). Along the trial, total above-ground dry biomass significantly increased from the 1st to 3rd year after planting and large variations in the main biological, biometric and productive traits were observed between the two chemotypes. The ‘thymol’ chemotype EO obviously showed thymol as the major constituent (51.26–49.87%) followed by γ-terpinene and p-cymene. The ‘linalool’ chemotype EO showed high percentages of oxygenated monoterpenes (about 90%) with linalool (75%), linalyl acetate (8.15%) and b-caryophyllene (3.2%) as main constituents. This study highlighted that T. vulgaris can be successfully organically grown in the hilly lands of Tuscany, with interesting biomass and essential oil yields, even though the plants were in the initial years of crop establishment (start in 2017). The introduction of this species into organic cultivation systems could contribute to obtain high-quality raw material, as well as to enhance crop rotation diversification, which is of pivotal importance in the management of organic farms.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crop Yield and Essential Oil Composition of Two Thymus vulgaris Chemotypes along Three Years of Organic Cultivation in a Hilly Area of Central Italy

et al. 2021

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“…Some studies have reported that novel microwaved-assisted heating methods (microwave-assisted HD and SFME) resulted in a larger yield than did the conventional methods (HD and SD) for extracts such as guava ( Psidium guajava ) [ 32 ] and lavender ( Lavandula hybrida ) essential oils [ 33 ]; however, other studies have shown no differences between these methods. Yields of Rosmarinus officinalis , Ocimum basilicum , Mentha crispa , and Thymus vulgaris essential oils isolated through SFME and HD were quantitatively similar [ 30 , 34 , 35 ]. These results suggest that whether SFME or SD produces a higher yield of essential oils depends on the plant species; however, SFME is more time and energy efficient than SD [ 30 , 32 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composition and Bioactivity of Essential Oil from Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck ‘Mato Peiyu’ Leaf

et al. 2017

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‘Mato Peiyu’ pomelo (Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck ‘Mato Peiyu’) leaves from pruning are currently an agricultural waste. The aim of this study was to isolate essential oils from these leaves through steam distillation (SD) and solvent-free microwave extraction (SFME) and to evaluate their applicability to skin care by analyzing their antimicrobial, antioxidant (diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl scavenging assay, β-carotene/linoleic acid assay, and nitric oxide scavenging assay), anti-inflammatory (5-lipoxygenase inhibition assay), and antityrosinase activities. The gas chromatography–mass spectrometry results indicated that the main components of ‘Mato Peiyu’ leaf essential oils were citronellal and citronellol, with a total percentage of 50.71% and 59.82% for SD and SFME, respectively. The highest bioactivity among all assays was obtained for 5-lipoxygenase inhibition, with an IC50 value of 0.034% (v/v). The MIC90 of the antimicrobial activity of essential oils against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans ranged from 0.086% to 0.121% (v/v). Citronellal and citronellol were the main contributors, accounting for at least 54.58% of the essential oil’s bioactivity. This paper is the first to report the compositions and bioactivities of ‘Mato Peiyu’ leaf essential oil, and the results imply that the pomelo leaf essential oil may be applied in skin care.

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“…Investigating the effect of Melaleuca alternifolia essential oil on F. culmorum and F. graminearum revealed significant antifungal activity of this oil on both fungi [20] . In addition, other researchers have performed different studies on the antimicrobial properties of the TEO on different micro-organisms including Aspergillus parasiticus, Listeria monocytogenes, Yersinia enterocolitica, Staphylococcus aureus [56,57] , Escherchia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus pyogenes [58] , Rhizoctonia solani, Macrophomina phaseolina [25] , Aspergillus niger [37] , and Penicillium spp. [43] , all indicating satisfactory and significant antimicrobial effects of the Thyme oil on various microorganisms studied, which is in accordance with our data.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antifungal and Virulence-Modulating Effects of Thyme Essential Oil against Fusarium spp., Causing Wheat Diseases

Faghih-Imani¹,

Taheri

Tarighi³

2020

Applied Microbiology: Theory ＆ Technology

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Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the important cereals and a major source of human food worldwide. Fusarium pseudograminearum and F. culmorum are the causal agents of important diseases on wheat, including head scab, crown and root rot. Control of Fusarium diseases on wheat is very difficult and important because of not only no complete resistance in any wheat cultivar and long-term survival of the soil-borne pathogen, but also production of carcinogenic mycotoxins in wheat tissues, which are harmful for consumers. Nowadays, to avoid the ecological and environmental damage caused by chemical pesticides and fungicides, there is a great interest to use essential oils as plant-protective agents. Therefore, the aim of this study was to find an alternative to synthetic fungicides currently used in the control of these destructive wheat diseases. We investigated the antifungal activities of the essential oils obtained from 4 different plant species and the Thyme (Thymus vulgaris) essential oil (TEO) revealed the highest level of antifungal effect against two mentioned phytopathogens. Contact and volatile phase effects of different concentrations of TEO were found to inhibit the growth of both fungi. Spore germination and production were also strongly inhibited by the TEO. Light microscope scanning of vegetative growth of the fungi revealed destructive changes in the hyphae. The TEO, also showed a high seed protection capability against fungal infection with no negative effect on seed germination. In the in-vivo assay, which was performed under greenhouse conditions using susceptible wheat plans treated with the TEO, significant plant protection was observed against the pathogens. Investigating effect of the main components of the TEO revealed that cymene had the highest effect in decreasing both disease incidence (DI) and disease severity index (DSI) on wheat plants inoculated by Fusarium species. Therefore, the TEO and its ingredients could be used as environmentally friendly biofungicides in the protection of wheat plants against these Fusarium species. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the in vivo and in vitro inhibitory effects of the TEO and cymene, as its main ingredient, against destructive Fusarium spp. pathogenic on wheat.

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Effect of extraction methods on kinetic, chemical composition and antibacterial activities of Tunisian Thymus vulgaris. L. essential oil

Cited by 17 publications

References 25 publications

Crop Yield and Essential Oil Composition of Two Thymus vulgaris Chemotypes along Three Years of Organic Cultivation in a Hilly Area of Central Italy

Crop Yield and Essential Oil Composition of Two Thymus vulgaris Chemotypes along Three Years of Organic Cultivation in a Hilly Area of Central Italy

Composition and Bioactivity of Essential Oil from Citrus grandis (L.) Osbeck ‘Mato Peiyu’ Leaf

Antifungal and Virulence-Modulating Effects of Thyme Essential Oil against Fusarium spp., Causing Wheat Diseases

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