Effect of External Rotational Humeral Osteotomy on the Contact Mechanics of the Canine Elbow Joint

Abstract

ERHO shifts the peak pressure location and the center of pressure laterally, toward the radial head and reduced the pressure acting on the ulna. The lateral shift of peak pressure may be beneficial in dogs with medial compartment disease.

In vivo fluoroscopic kinematography of dynamic radio-ulnar incongruence in dogs

“…Our results are also in accordance with the amount of radio-ulnar translation reported in a cadaveric model of simulated triceps pull (Might et al, 2011). Therefore, the widely suspected dynamic radio-ulnar step creation during weight bearing activity (Gemmill et al, 2005;Kramer et al, 2006;Gemmill and Clements, 2007;Smith et al, 2009;Might et al, 2011;Gutbrod and Guerrero, 2012;Starke et al, 2013Starke et al, , 2014Krotscheck et al, 2014a;Mariee et al, 2014;Eljack and Bottcher, 2015) is a consistent physiological pattern of elbow kinematic in dogs. While the results of the current data prove the presence of dynamic RUI in canine elbow joints, the amplitude of dynamic translation was not different between normal and dysplastic joints.…”

The Effect of Sliding Humeral Osteotomy (SHO) on Frontal Plane Thoracic Limb Alignment: An Ex Vivo Canine Cadaveric Study

“…As with all studies, ours was not without limitations. We used an ex vivo cadaveric model based on adaptations from prior work . Lack of muscle tone and proprioceptive response during limb positioning as well as ligament/tendon laxity prevent us from translating our results directly to the clinical setting.…”

“…We used an ex vivo cadaveric model based on adaptations from prior work. 26,33,34 Lack of muscle tone and Figure 6 Illustration of the relationship between the medial surface of the humerus and the undersurface of the sliding humeral osteotomy (SHO) plate pre-and post-SHO. Due to alterations in normal humeral anatomy, the diameter of the humerus mid-diaphysis is smaller than the diameter of the humerus distally beneath the distal most aspect of the SHO plate.…”

Thoracic Limb Alignment in Healthy Labrador Retrievers: Evaluation of Standing Versus Recumbent Frontal Plane Radiography

“…It is possible that the lateral deviation of the pes when standing is an inherent compensatory mechanism to thoracic limb load transmission that shifts the mechanical axis of the thoracic limb laterally toward the center of the elbow, reducing the overall loading of the medial compartment of the elbow. The relationship between eMAD, cMAD, mRUMCA, and mLPCMCA warrant additional study, as defining these values in normal dogs and dogs affected by elbow dysplasia (FCP with or without medial compartment disease) may prove helpful for veterinary orthopedists making treatment recommendations regarding selection of humeral or ulnar osteotomies as therapeutic or even preventative procedures …”

“…A number of similarities exist between medial compartment disease of the canine elbow and medial compartment syndrome of the human knee . In medial compartment syndrome of the human knee, excessive loading of the medial compartment of the joint results in medial gonarthrosis .…”