Effect of Exposure Temperature on Oxidation of Austenitic Steel HR3C in Supercritical Water

Zhu, Zhongliang; Xu, Hong; Khan, Hasan Izhar; Jiang, Dongfang; Zhang, Naiqiang

doi:10.1007/s11085-018-9879-9

Cited by 21 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Notably, these reactions do not occur simultaneously on an alloy, but some reactions therein will occur in a specific environment. As illustrated in Figure 2 67 and continuous Cr 2 O 3 or Cr-rich oxides cannot be formed when the Cr content is lower than 20 wt %. 21 Of course, the formation of Fe−Cr spinel can also be achieved by reaction 84.…”

Section: Reactions Of Nimentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The instability of Ni(OH) 2 results in its reaction with Fe 3+ and OH – to form spinel, as expressed by reaction At the same time, the Cr 2 O 3 inner layer can further react with Fe and/or Fe oxide to form Fe–Cr spinel FeCr 2 O 4 based on reactions –, ,,, −,,, so resulting in the decrease of the Cr 2 O 3 amount. A Cr content of more than 25 wt % is imperative for the formation of an uniform Cr 2 O 3 layer, and continuous Cr 2 O 3 or Cr-rich oxides cannot be formed when the Cr content is lower than 20 wt % .…”

Section: Reactions Of Ni/cr/fe Oxides and Ni/fe Hydroxidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This results in the formation of the inner layer of Nitronic 50 containing MnCr 2 O 4 , Mn 2 O 3 , and Cr 2 O 3 , which is different from the oxide structure on austenitic steel exposed to SCW. 70 The thermodynamic stabilities of oxides formed in SCW are on the order of Al 23,34,67 Obviously, Al/Ti/Si/ Mn/Cr oxides are more stable and NiO is easily decomposed in high temperature water. Exposure time significantly affects the diffusion and distribution of elements in the oxide layer.…”

Section: Overall Oxidation Process Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At the same time, the Cr 2 O 3 inner layer can further react with Fe and/or Fe oxide to form Fe−Cr spinel FeCr 2 O 4 based on reactions 80−83,21,24,25,[30][31][32]40,58,67 so resulting in the decrease of the Cr 2 O 3 amount. A Cr content of more than…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oxidation Processes and Involved Chemical Reactions of Corrosion-Resistant Alloys in Supercritical Water

Guo

Ning

et al. 2020

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Corrosion continues to be a major challenge in developing supercritical water-cooled reactor and supercritical water oxidation systems. Corrosion behaviors of candidate alloy materials used in these environments are significantly affected by the properties of oxides formed on alloy surfaces. This work presents a comprehensive review of the oxidation processes and involved chemical reactions of corrosion-resistant alloys in supercritical water. The oxidation process of an alloy in supercritical water is proposed to have two stages, and chemical reactions at these two stages are described in detail. The transitions of Cr/Ni/Fe oxides and the formation mechanism of oxide film are analyzed comprehensively. Moreover, the diffusion property, protection effect, and stability of oxides in supercritical water are summarized systematically.

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Section: Reactions Of Nimentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Reactions Of Ni/cr/fe Oxides and Ni/fe Hydroxidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Overall Oxidation Process Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Oxidation Processes and Involved Chemical Reactions of Corrosion-Resistant Alloys in Supercritical Water

Guo

Ning

et al. 2020

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…Indeed, the oxide scale was significantly thicker with an outer Fe oxide layer and an inner Fe-Cr spinel, whereas at 1 bar very thin pure chromia formed according to the author. Some other studies related to testing austenitic steels under ultra-supercritical steam can be found in the open literature at temperatures ranging from 600-800 • C, and in general, at higher pressure, higher oxidation rates are observed [6][7][8][9][10][11]. At lower temperatures (<700 • C), a thin protective Cr-rich oxide accompanied by the presence of deep and large oxide nodules was observed at relative short.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Steam Oxidation of Aluminide-Coated and Uncoated TP347HFG Stainless Steel under Atmospheric and Ultra-Supercritical Steam Conditions at 700 °C

et al. 2020

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The efficiency of ultra-supercritical (USC) steam power plants is limited by the materials properties, in particular, the steam oxidation resistance of the currently used steels at temperatures higher than 600 °C. Under these conditions, steam oxidation results in the development of thick oxide scales which spall and can accumulate in tube bends leading to blockage, overheating and premature creep rupture, as well as erosion of downstream components such as steam valves and turbine blades. Most published work related to oxidation testing is carried out at atmospheric pressure, with significantly less testing of austenitic steels in supercritical steam, and rarely including protective coatings. Indeed, the effect of high-pressure steam in the oxidation process is not quite understood at present. This paper covers a comparison of the behaviour of TP347HFG stainless steel at 700 °C under atmospheric pressure and 25 MPa, with and without slurry-applied diffusion aluminide coatings. The results show a very protective behaviour of the aluminide coatings, which develop a very thin Al-rich protective oxide, and no significant difference between the two environments. In contrast, the uncoated steel exhibited a different behaviour. Indeed, under atmospheric pressure after 3000 h, very thin scales, rich in Cr and not surpassing 5 to 10 µm in thickness, covered the samples along with some much thicker Fe-rich oxide nodules (up to 150 µm). However, under 25 MPa, a thick multilayer scale with a non-homogeneous thickness oscillating between 10 to 120 µm was present. A microstructural investigation was undertaken on the oxidised uncoated and coated substrates. The results suggest that pressure increases the oxidation rate of the chromia former steels but that the oxidation mechanism remains the same. A mechanism is proposed, including early detachment of the outer growing scales under supercritical pressure.

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Corrosion behavior of HR3C austenitic stainless steel in supercritical water near the critical point

Chen

Zhang

Luo

et al. 2023

Materials & Corrosion

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The corrosion behavior of HR3C stainless steel was investigated in supercritical water near the critical point. Results show that HR3C steel displays an unusual weight change behavior. Traditional weight gain behavior is detected in the initial corrosion stage because of the formation of spinel oxide scale and crater‐like Nb‐rich oxides. The detaching of crater‐like Nb‐rich oxides results in weight loss behavior during the middle corrosion stage. After 1200 h exposure, the diffusion‐controlled growth of outer Fe2O3 particles leads to the reoccurring of weight gain behavior. The formation of crater‐like Nb‐rich oxides is closely associated with the primary Z‐phase precipitates.

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Effect of Exposure Temperature on Oxidation of Austenitic Steel HR3C in Supercritical Water

Cited by 21 publications

References 38 publications

Oxidation Processes and Involved Chemical Reactions of Corrosion-Resistant Alloys in Supercritical Water

Oxidation Processes and Involved Chemical Reactions of Corrosion-Resistant Alloys in Supercritical Water

Steam Oxidation of Aluminide-Coated and Uncoated TP347HFG Stainless Steel under Atmospheric and Ultra-Supercritical Steam Conditions at 700 °C

Corrosion behavior of HR3C austenitic stainless steel in supercritical water near the critical point

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