Effect of Exogenous Adrenocortical Hormones and States of Adrenal Dysfunction on Body Sodium and Potassium Composition

Arons, Walter L.; Nusimovich, B; Vanderlinde, Robert J.; Thorn, George W.

doi:10.1210/jcem-18-6-611

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…and serum sodium normal in a case of Cushing's syndrome with hypertension. Similarly, Arons et al (1958) found NaE normal and KE low in four of five cases; NaE was raised in only one of the five. Renin measurements are thus of considerable theoretical interest in this disease.…”

Section: Cushing's Syndromementioning

confidence: 72%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Plasma renin concentration in human hypertension . II. Renin in relation to aetiology.

Brown¹,

Davies²,

Lever³

et al. 1965

BMJ

119

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In previous papers (Brown et al., 1965a(Brown et al., , 1965b we have demonstrated, in clinical hypertension, a close inverse relationship between renin concentration and plasma sodium which appears to be independent of aetiology, the height of the arterial pressure, complications, and treatment. The present communication is concerned with an analysis of renin and sodium in hypertension in relation to aetiology. The methods used in this study are as given previously (Brown et al., 1965b(Brown et al., , 1965d; data on additional cases have been included, but the series is basically that described earlier. Plasma In this condition hypertension is caused by an aldosteronesecreting adrenal cortical adenoma (Conn, 1955;Mader and Iseri, 1955 ;Milne et al., 1957;Conn et al., 1964b). Plasma sodium and total exchangeable sodium are often raised, while potassium is low. Whether all the features of the syndrome can be attributed solely to the excess aldosterone, or whether other hormones produced by the tumour are necessary, has been the subject of discussion (see Ross and Hurst, 1965).The hypertension and increased exchangeable sodium are accompained by depression of plasma renin concentration ; after removal of the tumour, with correction of the hypertension and electrolyte abnormalities, renin rises into the normal range (Brown et al., 1963b(Brown et al., , 1964a(Brown et al., -c, 1965d (Fig. 1).Alternatively, the administration of spironolactone to patients with this syndrome may correct the hypertension and electrolytes without affecting aldosterone secretion (Brown et al., 1963b(Brown et al., , 1964a(Brown et al., , 1964b(Brown et al., , 1964c(Brown et al., , 1965d; plasma renin concentration rises to normal as the sodium falls, emphasizing the interrelationship between renin and sodium, and showing that the effect of the adrenal overactivity on renin concentration is not a direct one but is mediated by the electrolyte abnormalities (Brown et al., 1963b(Brown et al., , 1964a(Brown et al., , 1964c operation in a patient with primary aldosteronism, the values rising after removal of the tumour. Findings similar to those of Kirkendall et al. (1964), but with an occasional result well in the measurable range before operation, were later published by Conn et al. (1964a), who used the extraction procedure of Boucher et al. (1964

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Section: Cushing's Syndromementioning

confidence: 72%

“…and serum sodium normal in a case of Cushing's syndrome with hypertension. Similarly, Arons et al (1958) The lowest plasma renin (3 units/l.) was found in the case with the highest plasma sodium (145 mEq/l.).…”

Section: Cushing's Syndromementioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma renin concentration in human hypertension . II. Renin in relation to aetiology.

Brown¹,

Davies²,

Lever³

et al. 1965

BMJ

119

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“…The present study was the body sodium is exchangeable [17]. The Na, value undertaken in the hope of delineating the interrelation in the adult remains fairly constant at about 40 mEqjkg body weight [2]. The value is higher in the child, particularly in the young child.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exchangeable Sodium and Aldosterone Secretion in Children with Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia due to 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency

1970

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Aldosterone secretion rates (ASR) and exchangeable body sodium (Na,) have been measured simultaneously in 25 cases of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) with and without salt loss, both during normal and during low salt intake. The degree of 21 -hydroxylase deficiency was assessed from the cortisol secretion rate (CSR) and urinary excretion of pregnanetriol and 11-ketopregnanetriol. In cases with salt loss, the sodium equilibrium was unstable, even with optimum treatment and increased dietary salt intake. Clinical evidence of salt-losing crisis appeared when 15-25% of Na, was lost. In these subjects, a parallel decrease in ASR and CSR usually occurred. The ASR were somewhat elevated in the nonsalt-losing form. Speculation

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“…After treatment the patient's response to deprivation was restored to normal, her potassium deficit was repleted and the hypokalaemia and alkalosis were corrected. On account of the wide range of normal values for the exchangeable 23Na and 42K, expression of these as the ratio 23Na/42K is preferable in the detection of an abnormality and its improvement in these circumstances [Arons, Nusimovich, Vanderlinde & Thorn, 1958].…”

Section: Renal Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic Changes Resulting From 90yt Irradiation of the Pituitary in a Patient With Cushing's Syndrome

Brooks¹,

McSwiney²,

Mattingly³

et al. 1959

Journal of Endocrinology

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A detailed metabolic study has been made of a 48-year-old woman with Cushing's syndrome associated with presumed adrenocortical hyperplasia. The patient was shown to be secreting excessive amounts of cortisol. The urine contained low levels of aldosterone, but there was a hypokalaemic alkalosis. Plasma corticosterone was not raised.Destruction of the pituitary by insertion of 90Yt seeds produced clinical improvement and amelioration of hypertension. The adrenocortical activity promptly subsided to below normal levels. Negative nitrogen and calcium balances became positive, urine calcium fell and hyperglycaemia disappeared. The condition of hypokalaemic alkalosis was restored to normal and aldosterone excretion increased. The decline in thyroid activity was slower than that of adrenocortical activity. Calculation of the distribution of muscular and fatty tissue in the body showed that treatment produced an improvement. The significance of some of these changes is discussed.

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Effect of Exogenous Adrenocortical Hormones and States of Adrenal Dysfunction on Body Sodium and Potassium Composition

Cited by 10 publications

References 2 publications

Plasma renin concentration in human hypertension . II. Renin in relation to aetiology.

Plasma renin concentration in human hypertension . II. Renin in relation to aetiology.

Exchangeable Sodium and Aldosterone Secretion in Children with Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia due to 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency

Metabolic Changes Resulting From 90yt Irradiation of the Pituitary in a Patient With Cushing's Syndrome

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