Effect of Excess of Antigen on the Active Anaphylactic Reaction in vitro

Prouvost‐Danon, Annie; Cruz, M. Queiroz da

doi:10.1038/203876a0

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Ihe reason for this is not clear but itidicates the existence of separate regulating systems for specific and total IgE biosynthesis. Similar observations have previously been reported concerning the effects of P-stimulating agents on IgE-antibody synthesis (9), the effect of HgCl, ( 11) and the potentiation of OA-IgE antibody (5).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

The Non‐Specific Enhancement of Allergy

Dahlbäck

Bergstrand

Pauwels³

et al. 1983

Allergy

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SD rats were sensitized by an i.p. injection of 1 microgram or 10 micrograms ovalbumin (OA) together with 10 mg Silica gel. At the indicated time after sensitization, allergic response capacity of the animals was estimated by measuring changes in intratracheal pressure induced by an i.v. injection of 0.3 mg OA (low challenge dose) or 5 mg OA (high challenge dose). Animals given 1 microgram OA in Silica gel showed no response capacity at 14, 35 or 47-48 days after sensitization. Animals injected with 10 micrograms OA showed a clear-cut response with a peak at 14 days; at 7 weeks after immunization the response capacity had faded almost completely. Specific OA-IgE antibody and total IgE serum levels were examined by radioimmunoassay. A slight increase in OA-IgE antibody was recorded in animals injected 14 days before test with 10 micrograms ovalbumin and Silica gel; animals given 1 microgram OA and Silica showed no OA-IgE antibody. Five weeks after sensitization, some animals of each group were injected i.p. with 100 mg alum, B. pertussis vaccine (2 ml of Perthydral), or saline, all injections being made without any further antigen addition. 12-13 days after such an injection, alum-treated animals showed high response capacity at bronchial anaphylactic tests and high OA-IgE antibody levels but comparably low levels of total IgE. Animals injected with B. pertussis, on the other hand, showed low response capacity (bronchial anaphylactic tests and OA-IgE antibody levels) but high total IgE-antibody levels. The bronchial anaphylactic response in the B. pertussis-injected animals but not the alum-injected animals was significantly correlated to serum IgG2a antibody levels. These results show that injection of alum or B. pertussis vaccine without antigen can precipitate/enhance anaphylactic response capacity and production of specific and non-specific IgE and IgG2a.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

The Non‐Specific Enhancement of Allergy

Dahlbäck

Bergstrand

Pauwels³

et al. 1983

Allergy

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“…No differences in the serum concentrations of IgA, IgG, and IgM between Swedish chloralkali workers currently exposed to HgO and the referents were found, but the median urinary mercury concentration was low (14.3 nmol/mmol creatinine) (1 8). A transient increase in IgA, IgE, IgG, and IgM has been observed in the BN rat after mercuric chloride exposure (24,25).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…A T-cell-dependent polyclonal activation of B cells after mercuric chloride exposure was suggested for the Brown Norway (BN) rat (16,24). A marked transient increase in total serum IgE, IgA, IgG, and IgM was observed in the BN rat (24,25).…”

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confidence: 99%

An immunological study of chloralkali workers previously exposed to mercury vapour

Ellingsen

Gaarder²,

Kjuus

1994

APMIS

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Several animal studies have suggested that exposure to inorganic mercury compounds may have effects on the immune system. Human data are, however, relatively sparse. The presence of several autoantibodies and the concentration of immunoglobulins and complement components were determined in the present cross‐sectional study in 77 chloralkali workers previously exposed to mercury vapour and 53 age‐matched referents. The mean duration of exposure to mercury vapour was 7.9 years (range 1.1–36.2), and the exposure had ceased on average 12.3 years (range 1.0–35.0) prior to the examination. No increased prevalence of the studied autoantibodies was observed among the exposed subjects as compared with the referents. There were no significant differences in the concentrations of immunoglobulins or complement components between the two studied groups. Nor was any relationship observed between cumulative mercury dose estimates or time since cessation of exposure and the measured concentrations of immunoglobulins or complement components.

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“…The recent demonstration (42,43) that mast cells can take up zymosan is thus of particular interest since it invites the speculation that mast cells too may participate in, or be affected by, antigen-antibody processes. Their possible involvement in these reactions has been suggested by a number of observations including (a) the degranulation of mast cells, and ensuing histamine shock, in rats challenged with pertussis vaccine (31), (b) the development of "mast celllytic antibodies" in response to presentation of new antigens and the resultant "reverse anaphy-laxis" demonstrable with both rat (32,47) and mouse (48) mast cells in vitro, (c) the reported differentiation of lymphatic tissue cells into mast cell-like elements (18,19) in tissue culture, and (d) the development of mast cell nests ("clones?") in the thymus of a mouse strain afflicted with a form of autoimmune disease (9).…”

Section: Mast Cells and Phagocytosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Uptake of Colloidal Thorium Dioxide by Mast Cells

Padawer

1969

The Journal of Cell Biology

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Mast cells from the peritoneal cavity of the rat were obtained at various times following in situ injection of a colloidal thorium dioxide preparation (Thorotrast). They were prepared for electron microscopy by aldehyde fixation, osmium tetroxide postfixation, and embedding in Epon. Thorotrast was rapidly taken up by mast cells through enhanced or newly elicited surface specializations. It was confined at first to large vesicles which moved to the Golgi area. Subsequently, in a matter of a few hours only, it became associated with progressively more mature granules, including "fully" mature ones. In addition to demonstrating a further phagocytic or pinocytotic activity of mast cells, the findings suggest that mast cell granules share a common membranous investment, and that substances from the tissue environment may theoretically percolate over and interact with the granules. Mast cell function could thus be served primarily by absorptive rather than secretory processes.

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Effect of Excess of Antigen on the Active Anaphylactic Reaction in vitro

Cited by 5 publications

References 4 publications

The Non‐Specific Enhancement of Allergy

The Non‐Specific Enhancement of Allergy

An immunological study of chloralkali workers previously exposed to mercury vapour

Uptake of Colloidal Thorium Dioxide by Mast Cells

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