Effect of ethanol concentration on the efficiency of extraction of ginseng saponins when using a microwave‐assisted process (MAP™)

Abstract

This research determined the effect of ethanol concentration (vol.%) on the extraction of saponins from ginseng using a microwave-assisted process (MAP TM ) at different powers under atmospheric pressure conditions. The optimized particle size of ginseng roots and mass-to-solvent volume ratio were 60 mesh and 1 : 10 (g mL )1 ), respectively. The yields of total solids and crude saponins were influenced by ethanol concentration, with the highest value at 45-60% for the former and 60-75% for the latter, at microwave power levels of 88 and 162 W. Their respective yield per unit time (60 s) was higher at 162 W than at 88 W; however, the extraction efficiency was lower for the former than for the latter. Extraction properties of ginsenosides were similar to those of crude saponins. The results show that the ethanol concentration was influential in MAP extraction of ginseng saponins and that total imparted energy and level of applied power should be considered in terms of extraction efficiency.

Pressurized low polarity water extraction of saponins from cow cockle seed

“…Similarly, recovery of quinoa saponins obtained using aqueous ethanol and methanol was higher than that of water and pure alcohol solvents (Muir et al, 2002). Maximum ginsenoside yield from ginseng was obtained by 60-75% ethanol in the range of 30-90% ethanol (Kwon, Lee, Bélanger, & Paré, 2003), while the highest saponin recovery from Glinus lotoides seeds was achieved using 60% methanol (in 0-100% methanol range) (Endale, Schmidt, & Gebre-Mariam, 2004).…”

Optimization of pectin extraction assisted by microwave from apple pomace using response surface methodology

“…It was reported that MAE was used for the extraction of pollutants from environmental samples (Camel, 2000), saponins from ginseng (Kwon, Bélanger, Paré, & Yaylayan, 2003b;Vongsangnak, Gua, Chauvatcharin, & Zhong, 2004), glycyrrhizic acid from licorice root (Pan, Liu, Jia, & Shu, 2000). Moreover, optimization of microwave-assisted extraction for ginseng components by response surface methodology was reported by Kwon et al (Kwon, Bélanger, & Paré, 2003a;Kwon, Lee, Bélanger, & Paré, 2003c;Kwon, Lee, Kim, Bélanger, & Paré, 2004). The effects of ethanol concentration, microwave power and processing time on extraction of total solids, crude saponin and individual ginsenosides were determined in these studies.…”

The application of response surface methodology to the production of phenolic extracts of lemon grass, galangal, holy basil and rosemary

“…It has also been used for the selection of the appropriate ethanol content in the extraction medium, the extraction temperature and the extraction time when maximising antioxidant activity of defatted borage meal (Wettasinghe & Shahidi, 1999). In previous studies by Ganthavorn & Hughes (1997) it was shown that the particle size of the sample, 25 mesh, was sufficient to extract polyphenolic compounds from dry beans ( Phaseolus vulgaris ) and Kwon et al. (2003a,b) showed that an extraction solvent ratio of ethanol to sample 1:10 was suitable for the extraction of saponin components of ginseng when using a microwave‐assisted process (MAP TM ).…”