Effect of essential oils on Leishmania amazonensis: a systematic review

Abstract

This systematic review investigated the evidence for the therapeutic potential of essential oils (EOs) against Leishmania amazonensis. We searched available scientific publications from 2005 to 2019 in the PubMed and Web of Science electronic databases, according to PRISMA statement. The search strategy utilized descriptors and free terms. The EOs effect of 35 species of plants identified in this systematic review study, 45.7% had half of the maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) 10 < IC50 ⩽ 50 μg mL−1 and 14.3% had a 10 < IC50μg mL−1 for promastigote forms of L. amazonensis. EOs from Cymbopogon citratus species had the lowest IC50 (1.7 μg mL−1). Among the plant species analyzed for activity against intracellular amastigote forms of L. amazonensis, 39.4% had an IC50 10 < IC50 ⩽ 50 μg mL−1, and 33.3% had an IC50 10 < IC50μg mL−1. Aloysia gratissima EO showed the lowest IC50 (0.16 μg mL−1) for intracellular amastigotes. EOs of Chenopodium ambrosioides, Copaifera martii and Carapa guianensis, administered by the oral route, were effective in reducing parasitic load and lesion volume in L. amazonensis-infected BALB/c mice. EOs of Bixa orellana and C. ambrosioides were effective when administered intraperitoneally. Most of the studies analyzed in vitro and in vivo for the risk of bias showed moderate methodological quality. These results indicate a stimulus for the development of new phytotherapy drugs for leishmaniasis treatment.

Retrospective Survey of Dog and Cat Endoparasites in Ireland: Antigen Detection

“…This is in agreement with a recent study in Dublin, Ireland that 30% of stray dogs and 41% of stray cats were harbouring at least one parasite infection [34]. In fact, similar findings have been found worldwide [35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50].…”

Essential Oil from Melaleuca leucadendra: Antimicrobial, Antikinetoplastid, Antiproliferative and Cytotoxic Assessment

“…Recently, Luna et al [ 4 ] demonstrated that in the absence of new effective drugs against Trypanosoma and Leishmania , many studies demanded the use of EOs. In particular, da Silva et al [ 21 ] reviewed the potential activity of EOs from 35 plant species against L. amazonensis , of which 45.7% had an IC 50 < 10 μg/mL. Our results, together with reports in the literature, corroborate the antikinetoplastid potential of EOs and could stimulate the development of these natural products as a source of new phytotherapeutics for leishmaniasis and trypanosomiasis treatment.…”

Bioactive Essential Oils from Cuban Plants: An Inspiration to Drug Development

“…An increasing number of studies regarding the activity of EOs are also concerned with human parasites of major medical importance, including antileishmanial, antitrypanosomal and antiplasmodial potentialities [55][56][57]. Nevertheless, studies have been generally performed on in-vitro cultures of parasites, which necessitates further in vivo studies using animal models to validate the antiprotozoal potential.…”