Effect of Er,Cr:YSGG and Er:YAG laser irradiation on the adhesion of blood components on the root surface and on root morphology

Abstract

The aim of this study was to conduct an in vitro evaluation, by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), of the adhesion of blood components on root surfaces irradiated with Er,Cr:YSGG (2.78 µm) or Er:YAG (2.94 µm) laser, and of the irradiation effects on root surface morphology. Sixty samples of human teeth were previously scaled with manual instruments and divided into three groups of 20 samples each: G1 (control group) -no treatment; G2 -Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation; G3 -Er:YAG laser irradiation. After performing these treatments, blood tissue was applied to 10 samples of each group, whereas 10 samples received no blood tissue application. After performing the laboratory treatments, the samples were observed under SEM, and the resulting photomicrographs were classified according to a blood component adhesion scoring system and root morphology. The results were analyzed statistically (Kruskall-Wallis and Mann Whitney tests, α = 5%). The root surfaces irradiated with Er:YAG and Er,Cr:YSGG lasers presented greater roughness than those in the control group. Regarding blood component adhesion, the results showed a lower degree of adhesion in G2 than in G1 and G3 (G1 × G2: p = 0.002; G3 × G2: p = 0.017). The Er:YAG and Er,Cr:YSGG laser treatments caused more extensive root surface changes. The Er:YAG laser treatment promoted a greater degree of blood component adhesion to root surfaces, compared to the Er,Cr:YSGG treatment.

Evaluation of Blood Cell Attachment on Er:Yag Laser Applied Root Surface Using Scanning Electron Microscopy

“…(Figure 3) (Table 3) These findings are in accordance with a similar study,19 but contradict a study by Theodoro et. al.…”

“…In some studies blood was applied on the conditioned root surfaces to mimic the periodontal surgery procedure and blood components attachment was observed. When different lasers were compared, root surfaces treated with ER:YAG laser presented a better adhesion of blood cell attachment and a better fibrin network formation 18, 19. In a separate study, evaluation of blood cell attachment on EDTA-treated root surfaces was not found successful 21.…”

LASER in periodontal treatment: is it an effective treatment or science fiction?

“…From the point of view of the morphological aspect of the root surface treated with these lasers, in vitro studies have shown that both Er:YAG and Er,Cr;YSGG lasers promote changes in the surface making them more irregular and rough. 5,6,7,30,31,32 These changes in the surface result from the explosive ablation process typical of these lasers, maintaining biocompatible surfaces when used with parameters adequate irradiation. 6,31,33 These lasers are also indicated for removal of dental calculus, non-surgical treatment of periodontitis (bacterial reduction) and soft or mineralized tissue ablation procedures.…”

“…5,6,7,30,31,32 These changes in the surface result from the explosive ablation process typical of these lasers, maintaining biocompatible surfaces when used with parameters adequate irradiation. 6,31,33 These lasers are also indicated for removal of dental calculus, non-surgical treatment of periodontitis (bacterial reduction) and soft or mineralized tissue ablation procedures. 2,3 In addition, it has been shown that the Er:YAG laser promotes a reduction in pulp temperature that may also be associated with exterior cooling.…”

Di̇ştaşlari Temi̇zli̇ği̇, Kök Yüzeyi̇ Düzleşti̇rmesi̇ Ve Poli̇sajda Güncel Kavramlar: Derleme

“…Son zamanlarda erbium katkılı itriyum alümin-yum garnet laser (Er:YAG) ile çok daha olumlu sonuçlar alınmıştır. Subgingival diştaşları ablete edilerek uzaklaştırılmakta, periopatojen bakteriler elimine edilmekte, hatta sement yüzeyindeki lipopolisakkarit yapısındaki endotoksinler de inaktive edilmektedir [22][23][24][25][26] . El aletleriyle ve laser ile yapılan SRP işlemleri karşılaştı-rıldığında; laserin kök yüzeyini daha fazla pürüzlen-dirdiği, geride hiç smear tabakası bırakılmadığı, kan komponentlerinin ve fibroblastların yüzeye adezyonunu kolaylaştırdığı ve böylece rejeneratif tedaviyi kolaylaştırdığı gösterilmiştir [24][25] .…”