Effect of enzymatically hydrolyzed yeast on health and performance of transition dairy cattle

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of supplementing enzymatically hydrolyzed yeast (EHY; Celmanax Arm and Hammer Animal Nutrition, Princeton, NJ) on transition dairy cattle. Forty multiparous Holstein cows were blocked by predicted transmitting ability and randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatments (EHY, n = 20; or control, CON, n = 20) from 21 d before expected calving to 60 d postpartum. The EHY cows received 56 and 28 g/d in close-up and lactating diets, respectively. Dry matter intake, health events, milk production parameters, feed efficiency, colostrum quality, reproductive parameters, body weight, and body condition score were monitored. Fecal samples collected on −21, −14, −7, 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, and 14 d relative to calving were analyzed for total coliforms, Clostridium perfringens, Salmonella, and Escherichia coli O157:H7. Blood samples were collected at 7, 14, and 21 d postpartum for analysis of β-hydroxybutyrate. Sterile quarter milk samples collected at dry-off, calving, and wk 1, 2, and 3 of lactation were analyzed for milk pathogens and somatic cell count. Pre-or postpartum dry matter intake, body weight, body condition score, milk yield, and milk protein and fat yields did not differ among treatments. Milk fat and protein concentrations were greater in EHY cows than CON cows. β-Hydroxybutyrate and health events were not different among treatments. The presence of fecal C. perfringens did not differ prepartum, but was lower in EHY cows postpartum. Milk pathogens and total intramammary infections did not differ between treatments at dry-off, calving, wk 1, or wk 2, but more EHY cows were infected with Staphylococcus sp. during wk 3 than CON cows. The EHY cows showed heat earlier than CON cows, but no other reproductive parameters were affected. The EHY supplementation during the transition period did not affect dry matter intake, milk yield, health events, or reproductive parameters but did increase milk protein and fat concentrations.

Effects of peripartal yeast culture supplementation on lactation performance, blood biomarkers, rumen fermentation, and rumen bacteria species in dairy cows

“…Robinson and Erasmus (2009) reviewed several yeast culture studies in dairy cows and reported that overall yeast supplementation has a positive effect on milk yield (~0.9 kg/d). In contrast, studies reported no effect on milk production in transition dairy cows (Yuan et al, 2015a;Olagaray et al, 2019;Stefenoni et al, 2020). A positive effect on milk production was observed in YC cows, with an increase of 2.5 kg/d, which was within the range of milk yield improvement observed in previous studies feeding yeast supplements.…”

“…According to Dias et al (2018), supplementation of yeast culture from S. cerevisiae could increase ECM in lactating cows fed diets varying in starch content. In contrast, others did not observe positive effects in ECM in transition dairy cows supplemented with yeast derived from S. cerevisiae (Yuan et al, 2015a;Stefenoni et al, 2020). The fermentable metabolites present in YC may have improved nutrient utilization by ruminal bacteria and consequently allowed a higher milk yield performance in YC fed cows.…”

Influence of combined yeast culture and enzymatically hydrolyzed yeast on in vitro ruminal fermentation in contrasting feed substrates

“…These reductions were generally associated with marginal improvements in digestibility, presenting the possibility that ruminal fermentation could become more efficient and ruminants more environmentally friendly when supplemented with YC + EHY. It could be argued that significant improvements are possible with higher rates of YC + EHY, as suggested by Stefenoni et al 12 However, this suggestion was not supported by the earlier work of Salinas-Chavira et al, 14 who found no improvement in fermentation efficiency with incremental supplementation with an enzymatically hydrolyzed yeast in the diet of crossbred feedlot steers.…”

“…However, little is known of inactive S. cerevisiae and culture extract functions and effects on the nutrition of the ruminant animal. Improvements in milk yield, 11 milk fat and protein content, 12 were reported in dairy cows supplemented with a combined yeast culture + enzymatically hydrolyzed yeast (YC + EHY). Similarly, Silva et al 13 observed improvements in pre-conditioning health and performance of beef steers supplemented with YC + EHY.…”

Bioconversion of agro-industrial residues as a protein source supplementation for multiparous Holstein Thai crossbreed cows

“…An increased humoral immunity response and better defense against infection has the potential to decrease the pro-inflammatory immune response, which is negative for production [68,[73][74][75]. Similarly, Stefenoni et al [76] found a reduction in subclinical mastitis and several clinical cases of mastitis in cows supplemented with hydrolyzed yeast. However, the use of β-glucans in dirty quarters had no effect on chronic subclinical mastitis or reduced SCC in lactating cows, which could be a lack of local immunity stimulation and systemic [77].…”