Effect of Environmental Tobacco Smoke From Smoker Parents on Gingival Pigmentation in Children and Young Adults: A Cross‐Sectional Study

Sridharan, Srirangarajan; Ganiger, Kavita; Satyanarayana, Aparna; Rahul, Aparna; Shetty, Shreya

doi:10.1902/jop.2010.100479

Cited by 25 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 27 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This may in turn influence nicotine metabolism, level of nicotine addiction, and good results of smoking cessation therapies [14]. Considering this fact it can be assumed that the presence of nicotine could lead to melanin pigmentations, which were observed in oral mucosa of smokers and even children exposed to second hand cigarette smoke [15–17]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nicotine impact on melanogenesis and antioxidant defense system in HEMn-DP melanocytes

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Nicotine is a compound of tobacco plants and is responsible for addictive properties of tobacco which is used by about one billion of smokers all over the world. Recently, nicotine has drawn even more attention due to its presumed neuroprotective and antioxidant features as far as common use in various forms of smoking cessation therapies. It is suggested that nicotine may be accumulated in human tissues containing melanin. This may in turn influence biochemical processes in human cells producing melanin. The aim of this study was to examine the impact of nicotine on melanogenesis and antioxidant defense system in cultured normal human melanocytes (HEMn-DP). Nicotine induced concentration-dependent loss in melanocytes viability. The value of EC50 was determined to be 2.52 mM. Nicotine modulated melanin biosynthesis in normal human melanocytes. Significant changes in hydrogen peroxide content and cellular antioxidant enzymes: SOD, CAT, and GPx activities were stated in melanocytes exposed to nicotine, which indicates alterations of antioxidant defense system. The results obtained in vitro may explain a potential influence of nicotine on biochemical processes in melanocytes in vivo during long-term exposition to nicotine.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nicotine impact on melanogenesis and antioxidant defense system in HEMn-DP melanocytes

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The relationship between tobacco smoking and gingival pigmentation has also been examined in previous studies 16–18. Passive smoking has also been reported to be associated with gingival pigmentation in children 19 20. The results from these studies support our findings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Association of cigarette smoking with skin colour in Japanese women

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Twenty-three fulltext articles were selected for review, of which 13 were excluded because one was a systematic review, 9 two were narratives, 11,35 two were dissertations already published in peer-reviewed journals, 36,37 one study 38 presented results from a larger study, 23 two were letters to the editor, 39,40 one used exhaled carbon monoxide as the exposure variable, 13 and four studies where the outcome was neither CAL and/or PD nor tooth loss. [41][42][43][44] Of the three conference abstracts reviewed, 30,31,45 one was excluded because of incomplete data reporting. 45 In total, 10 observational full-text articles [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]25,29 and two conference abstracts 30,31 were systematically reviewed and are presented in Table 1 with a detailed description in Supplementary Table S2.…”

Section: Selected Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of the Association Between Exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke and Periodontitis Endpoints Among Nonsmokers

Akinkugbe

Slade

Divaris

et al. 2016

NICTOB

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: A systematic review was conducted to summarize the epidemiological evidence on environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure and prevalent periodontitis endpoints among nonsmokers. Methods: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Pro-Quest dissertations, and conference proceedings of a dental research association. We included studies from which prevalence odds ratios (POR) could be extracted for periodontitis determined by examiner measurements of clinical attachment level (CAL) and/or probing pocket depth (PD) or self-report of missing teeth. Studies determined ETS exposure by self-report or biomarker (cotinine) levels. Results: For studies reporting CAL and/or PD (n = 6), associations were stronger with cotininemeasured exposure (n = 3; random effects POR [95% prediction interval] = 1.63 (0.90, 2.96)) than self-reported exposure (n = 3; random effects POR = 1.15 (0.68, 1.96)). There was no meaningful difference in summary estimate for studies reporting CAL and/or PD endpoint (n = 6; random effects POR = 1.34 (0.93, 1.94)) as opposed to tooth loss (n = 2; random effects POR = 1.33 (0.52, 3.40)).Conclusions: There appears to be a positive association between exposure to ETS and prevalent periodontitis endpoints among nonsmokers, the magnitude of which depended mostly on the method of ETS assessment. Implications: The notoriety of ETS is often discussed in terms of its associations with cancer, chronic conditions like cardiovascular diseases, and respiratory illnesses in children. However, very little attention is paid to its association with oral diseases, especially periodontitis. Periodontitis affects a large proportion of the population and is a major cause of tooth loss. This study summarized the epidemiologic association between exposure to ETS and periodontitis among nonsmokers. Although the findings are consistent with a positive association, methodological weaknesses relating to study design, assessment of ETS, periodontitis, and adjustment covariates were highlighted and recommendations for improvement in future studies provided.

show abstract

Effect of Environmental Tobacco Smoke From Smoker Parents on Gingival Pigmentation in Children and Young Adults: A Cross‐Sectional Study

Abstract: This study depicts the effects of ETS on gingival melanin pigmentation.

Cited by 25 publications

References 27 publications

Nicotine impact on melanogenesis and antioxidant defense system in HEMn-DP melanocytes

Nicotine impact on melanogenesis and antioxidant defense system in HEMn-DP melanocytes

Association of cigarette smoking with skin colour in Japanese women

Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of the Association Between Exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke and Periodontitis Endpoints Among Nonsmokers

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About