Effect of energy renovation and occupants' activities on airborne particle concentrations in Swedish rental apartments

Omelekhina, Yuliya; Nordquist, Birgitta; Alce, Günter; Caltenco, Héctor; Wallentén, Petter; Borell, Jonas; Wierzbicka, Aneta

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149995

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…When the air exchange is low there is more time for coagulation, facilitated by the high particle number concentrations generated by combustion, leading to a shift with time toward larger sizes in the particle size distribution. Even at the AER used in this study, 15 h −1 , which is relatively high compared to the average AERs of 0.5-1 h −1 in high-income countries, 29 we responsible for damages from solid biofuel combustion is a complex task, nitrogen-containing organic compounds 26 and metals 31 have been suggested to play a role in dung-burning PM toxicity. NO x , which is known to cause both cardiovascular effects 32 and serious adverse birth outcomes, [33][34][35][36][37][38] was emitted in relatively low amounts in our experiments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Characterization of fine particulate matter from indoor cooking with solid biomass fuels

et al. 2022

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Household burning of solid biomass fuels emits pollution particles that are a huge health risk factor, especially in low-income countries (LICs) such as those in Sub-Saharan Africa. In epidemiological studies, indoor exposure is often more challenging to assess than outdoor exposure. Laboratory studies of solid biomass fuels, performed under real-life conditions, are an important path toward improved exposure assessments. Using on-and offline measurement techniques, particulate matter (PM) from the most commonly used solid biomass fuels (charcoal, wood, dung, and crops residue) was characterized in laboratory settings using a way of burning the fuels and an air exchange rate that is representative of real-world settings in low-income countries.All the fuels generated emissions that resulted in concentrations which by far exceed both the annual and the 24-hour-average WHO guidelines for healthy air. Fuels with lower energy density, such as dung, emitted orders of magnitude more than, for example, charcoal. The vast majority of the emitted particles were smaller than 300 nm, indicating high deposition in the alveoli tract. The chemical composition of the indoor pollution changes over time, with organic particle emissions often peaking early in the stove operation. The chemical composition of the emitted PM is different for different biomass fuels, which is important to consider both in toxicological studies and in source apportionment efforts. For example, dung and wood yield higher organic aerosol emissions, and for dung, nitrogen content in the organic PM fraction is higher than for the other fuels. We show that aerosol mass spectrometry can be used to differentiate stove-related emissions from fuel, accelerant, and incense. We argue that further emission studies, targeting, for example, vehicles relevant for LICs and trash burning, coupled with field observations of chemical composition, would advance our understanding of air pollution in LIC. We believe this to be a necessary step for improved air quality policy. K E Y W O R D Scharcoal, indoor exposure, PM 2.5 , Sub-Saharan Africa, woodThis is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Characterization of fine particulate matter from indoor cooking with solid biomass fuels

et al. 2022

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“…Metal indoors could be emitted by indoor sources such as cooking (Fe, Al, Cu, Zn 56–58 ), candles (Cu, Sn, Co, Pb 59,60 ), incense burning (Al, Fe, Pb, Cu 61 ), and e‐cigarettes (Fe, Al, Ag, Cr, Ni, Zn 62,63 ). These activities occurred in studied homes and were identified based on occupants logbooks and confirmed by matching increase in UFP and PM2.5 concentrations 64 . However, as in this study, all samples of one type (indoor and outdoor) were pooled, it is not possible to identify specific sources of metals in these samples, as the chemistry of specific events/sources was not assessed.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 81%

Indoor PM _2.5 from occupied residences in Sweden caused higher inflammation in mice compared to outdoor PM _2.5

et al. 2022

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“…Three studies reported the peak PM 2.5 concentration during cooking. Omelekhina et al ( 2022 ) reported a single peak value as high as 3050 μg/m 3 , whereas the other two studies provided averaged peak values. Zhao’s et al demonstrated 5-min median peak PM 2.5 concentration of 37 μg/m 3 (Zhao et al 2020 ), whilst Noonan’s study reported a median peak value an order of magnitude higher at 305 μg/m 3 (Noonan et al 2012 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Supplementary I nformation 2 details the main characteristics of included studies. There were 22 studies conducted in Europe; five in the UK (Wigzell et al 2000 ; Nasir and Colbeck 2013 ; O’Leary et al 2018 ; Chakraborty et al 2020 ; Shehab et al 2021 ); three in Portugal (Alves et al 2020 ; Madureira et al 2020 ; Marques and Pitarma 2020 ); two each in Sweden (Molnar et al 2005 ; Omelekhina et al 2022 ), Italy (Frasca et al 2018 ; Pietrogrande et al 2021 ) and Greece (Sarigiannis et al 2014 ; Assimakopoulos et al 2018 ); one each in Finland (Siponen et al 2019 ), Norway (Wyss et al 2016 ), Denmark (Karottki et al 2014 ), Germany (Salthammer et al 2014 ), Poland (Jedrychowski et al 2006 ), Switzerland (Monn et al 1997 ) and Belgium (Stranger et al 2009 ); and one study was multicentric (UK and the Republic of Ireland) (Semple et al 2012 ). There was only one study each from Asia (Japan) (Ohura et al 2005 ), the Middle East (Kuwait) (Yassin et al 2012 ), Oceania (Australia) (Mazaheri et al 2018 ) and South America (Chile) (Rojas-Bracho et al 2002 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) from non-tobacco sources in homes within high-income countries: a systematic review

Wei

Semple

2022

Air Qual Atmos Health

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The health impacts associated with exposure to elevated concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) are well recognised. There is a substantial number of studies characterising PM2.5 concentrations outdoors, as well as in homes within low- and middle-income countries. In high-income countries (HICs), there is a sizeable literature on indoor PM2.5 relating to smoking, but the evidence on exposure to PM2.5 generated from non-tobacco sources in homes is sparse. This is especially relevant as people living in HICs spend the majority of their time at home, and in the northern hemisphere households often have low air exchange rates for energy efficiency. This review identified 49 studies that described indoor PM2.5 concentrations generated from a variety of common household sources in real-life home settings in HICs. These included wood/solid fuel burning appliances, cooking, candles, incense, cleaning and humidifiers. The reported concentrations varied widely, both between sources and within groups of the same source. The burning of solid fuels was found to generate the highest indoor PM2.5 concentrations. On occasion, other sources were also reported to be responsible for high PM2.5 concentrations; however, this was only in a few select examples. This review also highlights the many inconsistencies in the ways data are collected and reported. The variable methods of measurement and reporting make comparison and interpretation of data difficult. There is a need for standardisation of methods and agreed contextual data to make household PM2.5 data more useful in epidemiological studies and aid comparison of the impact of different interventions and policies.

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Effect of energy renovation and occupants' activities on airborne particle concentrations in Swedish rental apartments

Cited by 11 publications

References 41 publications

Characterization of fine particulate matter from indoor cooking with solid biomass fuels

Characterization of fine particulate matter from indoor cooking with solid biomass fuels

Indoor PM _2.5 from occupied residences in Sweden caused higher inflammation in mice compared to outdoor PM _2.5

Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) from non-tobacco sources in homes within high-income countries: a systematic review

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Effect of energy renovation and occupants' activities on airborne particle concentrations in Swedish rental apartments

Cited by 11 publications

References 41 publications

Characterization of fine particulate matter from indoor cooking with solid biomass fuels

Characterization of fine particulate matter from indoor cooking with solid biomass fuels

Indoor PM 2.5 from occupied residences in Sweden caused higher inflammation in mice compared to outdoor PM 2.5

Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) from non-tobacco sources in homes within high-income countries: a systematic review

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Indoor PM _2.5 from occupied residences in Sweden caused higher inflammation in mice compared to outdoor PM _2.5